A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 809 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £680, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1617 kWh | 647 kWh | 970 kWh | £175 | £97 | £272 | £4,069 | 15.0 yrs | £1,373 |
| 3 kW | 2426 kWh | 970 kWh | 1456 kWh | £263 | £146 | £408 | £6,104 | 15.0 yrs | £2,060 |
| 4 kW | 3235 kWh | 1294 kWh | 1941 kWh | £350 | £194 | £544 | £8,138 | 15.0 yrs | £2,747 |
| 5 kW | 4044 kWh | 1617 kWh | 2426 kWh | £438 | £243 | £680 | £10,173 | 15.0 yrs | £3,434 |
| 6 kW | 4852 kWh | 1941 kWh | 2911 kWh | £525 | £291 | £816 | £12,207 | 15.0 yrs | £4,120 |
| 7 kW | 5661 kWh | 2264 kWh | 3397 kWh | £613 | £340 | £952 | £14,242 | 15.0 yrs | £4,807 |
| 8 kW | 6470 kWh | 2588 kWh | 3882 kWh | £700 | £388 | £1,088 | £16,276 | 15.0 yrs | £5,494 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £818, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1617 kWh | 970 kWh | 647 kWh | £263 | £65 | £327 | £6,169 | 18.8 yrs | £377 |
| 3 kW | 2426 kWh | 1456 kWh | 970 kWh | £394 | £97 | £491 | £8,204 | 16.7 yrs | £1,616 |
| 4 kW | 3235 kWh | 1941 kWh | 1294 kWh | £525 | £129 | £655 | £10,238 | 15.6 yrs | £2,854 |
| 5 kW | 4044 kWh | 2426 kWh | 1617 kWh | £657 | £162 | £818 | £12,273 | 15.0 yrs | £4,093 |
| 6 kW | 4852 kWh | 2911 kWh | 1941 kWh | £788 | £194 | £982 | £14,307 | 14.6 yrs | £5,332 |
| 7 kW | 5661 kWh | 3397 kWh | 2264 kWh | £919 | £226 | £1,146 | £16,342 | 14.3 yrs | £6,570 |
| 8 kW | 6470 kWh | 3882 kWh | 2588 kWh | £1,050 | £259 | £1,309 | £18,376 | 14.0 yrs | £7,809 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £887, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1617 kWh | 1132 kWh | 485 kWh | £306 | £49 | £355 | £7,569 | 21.3 yrs | £-471 |
| 3 kW | 2426 kWh | 1698 kWh | 728 kWh | £460 | £73 | £532 | £9,604 | 18.0 yrs | £1,044 |
| 4 kW | 3235 kWh | 2264 kWh | 970 kWh | £613 | £97 | £710 | £11,638 | 16.4 yrs | £2,558 |
| 5 kW | 4044 kWh | 2831 kWh | 1213 kWh | £766 | £121 | £887 | £13,673 | 15.4 yrs | £4,073 |
| 6 kW | 4852 kWh | 3397 kWh | 1456 kWh | £919 | £146 | £1,065 | £15,707 | 14.8 yrs | £5,587 |
| 7 kW | 5661 kWh | 3963 kWh | 1698 kWh | £1,072 | £170 | £1,242 | £17,742 | 14.3 yrs | £7,102 |
| 8 kW | 6470 kWh | 4529 kWh | 1941 kWh | £1,226 | £194 | £1,420 | £19,776 | 13.9 yrs | £8,617 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £908, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1617 kWh | 1181 kWh | 437 kWh | £320 | £44 | £363 | £9,319 | 25.7 yrs | £-2,055 |
| 3 kW | 2426 kWh | 1771 kWh | 655 kWh | £479 | £66 | £545 | £11,354 | 20.8 yrs | £-458 |
| 4 kW | 3235 kWh | 2362 kWh | 873 kWh | £639 | £87 | £726 | £13,388 | 18.4 yrs | £1,139 |
| 5 kW | 4044 kWh | 2952 kWh | 1092 kWh | £799 | £109 | £908 | £15,423 | 17.0 yrs | £2,737 |
| 6 kW | 4852 kWh | 3542 kWh | 1310 kWh | £959 | £131 | £1,090 | £17,457 | 16.0 yrs | £4,334 |
| 7 kW | 5661 kWh | 4133 kWh | 1529 kWh | £1,118 | £153 | £1,271 | £19,492 | 15.3 yrs | £5,931 |
| 8 kW | 6470 kWh | 4723 kWh | 1747 kWh | £1,278 | £175 | £1,453 | £21,526 | 14.8 yrs | £7,529 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £922, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1617 kWh | 1213 kWh | 404 kWh | £328 | £40 | £369 | £11,069 | 30.0 yrs | £-3,695 |
| 3 kW | 2426 kWh | 1820 kWh | 607 kWh | £492 | £61 | £553 | £13,104 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,042 |
| 4 kW | 3235 kWh | 2426 kWh | 809 kWh | £657 | £81 | £737 | £15,138 | 20.5 yrs | £-390 |
| 5 kW | 4044 kWh | 3033 kWh | 1011 kWh | £821 | £101 | £922 | £17,173 | 18.6 yrs | £1,263 |
| 6 kW | 4852 kWh | 3639 kWh | 1213 kWh | £985 | £121 | £1,106 | £19,207 | 17.4 yrs | £2,915 |
| 7 kW | 5661 kWh | 4246 kWh | 1415 kWh | £1,149 | £142 | £1,290 | £21,242 | 16.5 yrs | £4,568 |
| 8 kW | 6470 kWh | 4852 kWh | 1617 kWh | £1,313 | £162 | £1,475 | £23,276 | 15.8 yrs | £6,220 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £936, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1617 kWh | 1245 kWh | 372 kWh | £337 | £37 | £374 | £13,519 | 36.1 yrs | £-6,035 |
| 3 kW | 2426 kWh | 1868 kWh | 558 kWh | £506 | £56 | £561 | £15,554 | 27.7 yrs | £-4,327 |
| 4 kW | 3235 kWh | 2491 kWh | 744 kWh | £674 | £74 | £748 | £17,588 | 23.5 yrs | £-2,619 |
| 5 kW | 4044 kWh | 3114 kWh | 930 kWh | £843 | £93 | £936 | £19,623 | 21.0 yrs | £-911 |
| 6 kW | 4852 kWh | 3736 kWh | 1116 kWh | £1,011 | £112 | £1,123 | £21,657 | 19.3 yrs | £796 |
| 7 kW | 5661 kWh | 4359 kWh | 1302 kWh | £1,180 | £130 | £1,310 | £23,692 | 18.1 yrs | £2,504 |
| 8 kW | 6470 kWh | 4982 kWh | 1488 kWh | £1,348 | £149 | £1,497 | £25,726 | 17.2 yrs | £4,212 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.