A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 846 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £712, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1692 kWh | 677 kWh | 1015 kWh | £183 | £102 | £285 | £4,069 | 14.3 yrs | £1,623 |
| 3 kW | 2538 kWh | 1015 kWh | 1523 kWh | £275 | £152 | £427 | £6,104 | 14.3 yrs | £2,435 |
| 4 kW | 3384 kWh | 1353 kWh | 2030 kWh | £366 | £203 | £569 | £8,138 | 14.3 yrs | £3,247 |
| 5 kW | 4229 kWh | 1692 kWh | 2538 kWh | £458 | £254 | £712 | £10,173 | 14.3 yrs | £4,059 |
| 6 kW | 5075 kWh | 2030 kWh | 3045 kWh | £549 | £305 | £854 | £12,207 | 14.3 yrs | £4,870 |
| 7 kW | 5921 kWh | 2368 kWh | 3553 kWh | £641 | £355 | £996 | £14,242 | 14.3 yrs | £5,682 |
| 8 kW | 6767 kWh | 2707 kWh | 4060 kWh | £732 | £406 | £1,139 | £16,276 | 14.3 yrs | £6,494 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £856, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1692 kWh | 1015 kWh | 677 kWh | £275 | £68 | £342 | £6,169 | 18.0 yrs | £678 |
| 3 kW | 2538 kWh | 1523 kWh | 1015 kWh | £412 | £102 | £514 | £8,204 | 16.0 yrs | £2,067 |
| 4 kW | 3384 kWh | 2030 kWh | 1353 kWh | £549 | £135 | £685 | £10,238 | 15.0 yrs | £3,456 |
| 5 kW | 4229 kWh | 2538 kWh | 1692 kWh | £687 | £169 | £856 | £12,273 | 14.3 yrs | £4,845 |
| 6 kW | 5075 kWh | 3045 kWh | 2030 kWh | £824 | £203 | £1,027 | £14,307 | 13.9 yrs | £6,234 |
| 7 kW | 5921 kWh | 3553 kWh | 2368 kWh | £961 | £237 | £1,198 | £16,342 | 13.6 yrs | £7,623 |
| 8 kW | 6767 kWh | 4060 kWh | 2707 kWh | £1,099 | £271 | £1,369 | £18,376 | 13.4 yrs | £9,012 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £928, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1692 kWh | 1184 kWh | 508 kWh | £320 | £51 | £371 | £7,569 | 20.4 yrs | £-145 |
| 3 kW | 2538 kWh | 1776 kWh | 761 kWh | £481 | £76 | £557 | £9,604 | 17.2 yrs | £1,533 |
| 4 kW | 3384 kWh | 2368 kWh | 1015 kWh | £641 | £102 | £742 | £11,638 | 15.7 yrs | £3,210 |
| 5 kW | 4229 kWh | 2961 kWh | 1269 kWh | £801 | £127 | £928 | £13,673 | 14.7 yrs | £4,888 |
| 6 kW | 5075 kWh | 3553 kWh | 1523 kWh | £961 | £152 | £1,114 | £15,707 | 14.1 yrs | £6,566 |
| 7 kW | 5921 kWh | 4145 kWh | 1776 kWh | £1,122 | £178 | £1,299 | £17,742 | 13.7 yrs | £8,243 |
| 8 kW | 6767 kWh | 4737 kWh | 2030 kWh | £1,282 | £203 | £1,485 | £19,776 | 13.3 yrs | £9,921 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £950, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1692 kWh | 1235 kWh | 457 kWh | £334 | £46 | £380 | £9,319 | 24.5 yrs | £-1,722 |
| 3 kW | 2538 kWh | 1852 kWh | 685 kWh | £501 | £69 | £570 | £11,354 | 19.9 yrs | £43 |
| 4 kW | 3384 kWh | 2470 kWh | 914 kWh | £668 | £91 | £760 | £13,388 | 17.6 yrs | £1,807 |
| 5 kW | 4229 kWh | 3087 kWh | 1142 kWh | £835 | £114 | £950 | £15,423 | 16.2 yrs | £3,571 |
| 6 kW | 5075 kWh | 3705 kWh | 1370 kWh | £1,003 | £137 | £1,140 | £17,457 | 15.3 yrs | £5,335 |
| 7 kW | 5921 kWh | 4322 kWh | 1599 kWh | £1,170 | £160 | £1,330 | £19,492 | 14.7 yrs | £7,099 |
| 8 kW | 6767 kWh | 4940 kWh | 1827 kWh | £1,337 | £183 | £1,519 | £21,526 | 14.2 yrs | £8,863 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £964, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1692 kWh | 1269 kWh | 423 kWh | £343 | £42 | £386 | £11,069 | 28.7 yrs | £-3,356 |
| 3 kW | 2538 kWh | 1903 kWh | 634 kWh | £515 | £63 | £578 | £13,104 | 22.7 yrs | £-1,534 |
| 4 kW | 3384 kWh | 2538 kWh | 846 kWh | £687 | £85 | £771 | £15,138 | 19.6 yrs | £288 |
| 5 kW | 4229 kWh | 3172 kWh | 1057 kWh | £858 | £106 | £964 | £17,173 | 17.8 yrs | £2,110 |
| 6 kW | 5075 kWh | 3807 kWh | 1269 kWh | £1,030 | £127 | £1,157 | £19,207 | 16.6 yrs | £3,931 |
| 7 kW | 5921 kWh | 4441 kWh | 1480 kWh | £1,202 | £148 | £1,350 | £21,242 | 15.7 yrs | £5,753 |
| 8 kW | 6767 kWh | 5075 kWh | 1692 kWh | £1,373 | £169 | £1,543 | £23,276 | 15.1 yrs | £7,575 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £979, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1692 kWh | 1303 kWh | 389 kWh | £353 | £39 | £391 | £13,519 | 34.5 yrs | £-5,691 |
| 3 kW | 2538 kWh | 1954 kWh | 584 kWh | £529 | £58 | £587 | £15,554 | 26.5 yrs | £-3,811 |
| 4 kW | 3384 kWh | 2605 kWh | 778 kWh | £705 | £78 | £783 | £17,588 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,931 |
| 5 kW | 4229 kWh | 3257 kWh | 973 kWh | £881 | £97 | £979 | £19,623 | 20.1 yrs | £-52 |
| 6 kW | 5075 kWh | 3908 kWh | 1167 kWh | £1,058 | £117 | £1,174 | £21,657 | 18.4 yrs | £1,828 |
| 7 kW | 5921 kWh | 4559 kWh | 1362 kWh | £1,234 | £136 | £1,370 | £23,692 | 17.3 yrs | £3,707 |
| 8 kW | 6767 kWh | 5211 kWh | 1556 kWh | £1,410 | £156 | £1,566 | £25,726 | 16.4 yrs | £5,587 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.