A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 855 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £720, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1711 kWh | 684 kWh | 1026 kWh | £185 | £103 | £288 | £4,069 | 14.1 yrs | £1,687 |
| 3 kW | 2566 kWh | 1026 kWh | 1540 kWh | £278 | £154 | £432 | £6,104 | 14.1 yrs | £2,531 |
| 4 kW | 3422 kWh | 1369 kWh | 2053 kWh | £370 | £205 | £576 | £8,138 | 14.1 yrs | £3,375 |
| 5 kW | 4277 kWh | 1711 kWh | 2566 kWh | £463 | £257 | £720 | £10,173 | 14.1 yrs | £4,219 |
| 6 kW | 5132 kWh | 2053 kWh | 3079 kWh | £556 | £308 | £863 | £12,207 | 14.1 yrs | £5,062 |
| 7 kW | 5988 kWh | 2395 kWh | 3593 kWh | £648 | £359 | £1,007 | £14,242 | 14.1 yrs | £5,906 |
| 8 kW | 6843 kWh | 2737 kWh | 4106 kWh | £741 | £411 | £1,151 | £16,276 | 14.1 yrs | £6,750 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £865, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1711 kWh | 1026 kWh | 684 kWh | £278 | £68 | £346 | £6,169 | 17.8 yrs | £755 |
| 3 kW | 2566 kWh | 1540 kWh | 1026 kWh | £417 | £103 | £519 | £8,204 | 15.8 yrs | £2,182 |
| 4 kW | 3422 kWh | 2053 kWh | 1369 kWh | £556 | £137 | £692 | £10,238 | 14.8 yrs | £3,610 |
| 5 kW | 4277 kWh | 2566 kWh | 1711 kWh | £694 | £171 | £865 | £12,273 | 14.2 yrs | £5,037 |
| 6 kW | 5132 kWh | 3079 kWh | 2053 kWh | £833 | £205 | £1,039 | £14,307 | 13.8 yrs | £6,465 |
| 7 kW | 5988 kWh | 3593 kWh | 2395 kWh | £972 | £240 | £1,212 | £16,342 | 13.5 yrs | £7,892 |
| 8 kW | 6843 kWh | 4106 kWh | 2737 kWh | £1,111 | £274 | £1,385 | £18,376 | 13.3 yrs | £9,319 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £938, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1711 kWh | 1198 kWh | 513 kWh | £324 | £51 | £375 | £7,569 | 20.2 yrs | £-61 |
| 3 kW | 2566 kWh | 1796 kWh | 770 kWh | £486 | £77 | £563 | £9,604 | 17.1 yrs | £1,658 |
| 4 kW | 3422 kWh | 2395 kWh | 1026 kWh | £648 | £103 | £751 | £11,638 | 15.5 yrs | £3,377 |
| 5 kW | 4277 kWh | 2994 kWh | 1283 kWh | £810 | £128 | £938 | £13,673 | 14.6 yrs | £5,096 |
| 6 kW | 5132 kWh | 3593 kWh | 1540 kWh | £972 | £154 | £1,126 | £15,707 | 13.9 yrs | £6,816 |
| 7 kW | 5988 kWh | 4191 kWh | 1796 kWh | £1,134 | £180 | £1,314 | £17,742 | 13.5 yrs | £8,535 |
| 8 kW | 6843 kWh | 4790 kWh | 2053 kWh | £1,296 | £205 | £1,502 | £19,776 | 13.2 yrs | £10,254 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £960, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1711 kWh | 1249 kWh | 462 kWh | £338 | £46 | £384 | £9,319 | 24.3 yrs | £-1,636 |
| 3 kW | 2566 kWh | 1873 kWh | 693 kWh | £507 | £69 | £576 | £11,354 | 19.7 yrs | £171 |
| 4 kW | 3422 kWh | 2498 kWh | 924 kWh | £676 | £92 | £768 | £13,388 | 17.4 yrs | £1,977 |
| 5 kW | 4277 kWh | 3122 kWh | 1155 kWh | £845 | £115 | £960 | £15,423 | 16.1 yrs | £3,784 |
| 6 kW | 5132 kWh | 3747 kWh | 1386 kWh | £1,014 | £139 | £1,152 | £17,457 | 15.1 yrs | £5,591 |
| 7 kW | 5988 kWh | 4371 kWh | 1617 kWh | £1,183 | £162 | £1,344 | £19,492 | 14.5 yrs | £7,398 |
| 8 kW | 6843 kWh | 4995 kWh | 1848 kWh | £1,352 | £185 | £1,537 | £21,526 | 14.0 yrs | £9,205 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £975, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1711 kWh | 1283 kWh | 428 kWh | £347 | £43 | £390 | £11,069 | 28.4 yrs | £-3,270 |
| 3 kW | 2566 kWh | 1925 kWh | 642 kWh | £521 | £64 | £585 | £13,104 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,404 |
| 4 kW | 3422 kWh | 2566 kWh | 855 kWh | £694 | £86 | £780 | £15,138 | 19.4 yrs | £461 |
| 5 kW | 4277 kWh | 3208 kWh | 1069 kWh | £868 | £107 | £975 | £17,173 | 17.6 yrs | £2,326 |
| 6 kW | 5132 kWh | 3849 kWh | 1283 kWh | £1,042 | £128 | £1,170 | £19,207 | 16.4 yrs | £4,191 |
| 7 kW | 5988 kWh | 4491 kWh | 1497 kWh | £1,215 | £150 | £1,365 | £21,242 | 15.6 yrs | £6,056 |
| 8 kW | 6843 kWh | 5132 kWh | 1711 kWh | £1,389 | £171 | £1,560 | £23,276 | 14.9 yrs | £7,922 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £990, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1711 kWh | 1317 kWh | 393 kWh | £356 | £39 | £396 | £13,519 | 34.2 yrs | £-5,603 |
| 3 kW | 2566 kWh | 1976 kWh | 590 kWh | £535 | £59 | £594 | £15,554 | 26.2 yrs | £-3,679 |
| 4 kW | 3422 kWh | 2635 kWh | 787 kWh | £713 | £79 | £792 | £17,588 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,756 |
| 5 kW | 4277 kWh | 3293 kWh | 984 kWh | £891 | £98 | £990 | £19,623 | 19.8 yrs | £168 |
| 6 kW | 5132 kWh | 3952 kWh | 1180 kWh | £1,069 | £118 | £1,187 | £21,657 | 18.2 yrs | £2,092 |
| 7 kW | 5988 kWh | 4611 kWh | 1377 kWh | £1,248 | £138 | £1,385 | £23,692 | 17.1 yrs | £4,015 |
| 8 kW | 6843 kWh | 5269 kWh | 1574 kWh | £1,426 | £157 | £1,583 | £25,726 | 16.2 yrs | £5,939 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.