A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 847 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £712, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1693 kWh | 677 kWh | 1016 kWh | £183 | £102 | £285 | £4,069 | 14.3 yrs | £1,629 |
| 3 kW | 2540 kWh | 1016 kWh | 1524 kWh | £275 | £152 | £427 | £6,104 | 14.3 yrs | £2,443 |
| 4 kW | 3387 kWh | 1355 kWh | 2032 kWh | £367 | £203 | £570 | £8,138 | 14.3 yrs | £3,258 |
| 5 kW | 4233 kWh | 1693 kWh | 2540 kWh | £458 | £254 | £712 | £10,173 | 14.3 yrs | £4,072 |
| 6 kW | 5080 kWh | 2032 kWh | 3048 kWh | £550 | £305 | £855 | £12,207 | 14.3 yrs | £4,887 |
| 7 kW | 5927 kWh | 2371 kWh | 3556 kWh | £642 | £356 | £997 | £14,242 | 14.3 yrs | £5,701 |
| 8 kW | 6774 kWh | 2709 kWh | 4064 kWh | £733 | £406 | £1,140 | £16,276 | 14.3 yrs | £6,515 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £857, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1693 kWh | 1016 kWh | 677 kWh | £275 | £68 | £343 | £6,169 | 18.0 yrs | £684 |
| 3 kW | 2540 kWh | 1524 kWh | 1016 kWh | £412 | £102 | £514 | £8,204 | 16.0 yrs | £2,077 |
| 4 kW | 3387 kWh | 2032 kWh | 1355 kWh | £550 | £135 | £685 | £10,238 | 14.9 yrs | £3,469 |
| 5 kW | 4233 kWh | 2540 kWh | 1693 kWh | £687 | £169 | £857 | £12,273 | 14.3 yrs | £4,861 |
| 6 kW | 5080 kWh | 3048 kWh | 2032 kWh | £825 | £203 | £1,028 | £14,307 | 13.9 yrs | £6,253 |
| 7 kW | 5927 kWh | 3556 kWh | 2371 kWh | £962 | £237 | £1,199 | £16,342 | 13.6 yrs | £7,645 |
| 8 kW | 6774 kWh | 4064 kWh | 2709 kWh | £1,100 | £271 | £1,371 | £18,376 | 13.4 yrs | £9,038 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £929, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1693 kWh | 1185 kWh | 508 kWh | £321 | £51 | £372 | £7,569 | 20.4 yrs | £-138 |
| 3 kW | 2540 kWh | 1778 kWh | 762 kWh | £481 | £76 | £557 | £9,604 | 17.2 yrs | £1,543 |
| 4 kW | 3387 kWh | 2371 kWh | 1016 kWh | £642 | £102 | £743 | £11,638 | 15.7 yrs | £3,224 |
| 5 kW | 4233 kWh | 2963 kWh | 1270 kWh | £802 | £127 | £929 | £13,673 | 14.7 yrs | £4,906 |
| 6 kW | 5080 kWh | 3556 kWh | 1524 kWh | £962 | £152 | £1,115 | £15,707 | 14.1 yrs | £6,587 |
| 7 kW | 5927 kWh | 4149 kWh | 1778 kWh | £1,123 | £178 | £1,300 | £17,742 | 13.6 yrs | £8,268 |
| 8 kW | 6774 kWh | 4741 kWh | 2032 kWh | £1,283 | £203 | £1,486 | £19,776 | 13.3 yrs | £9,949 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £951, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1693 kWh | 1236 kWh | 457 kWh | £335 | £46 | £380 | £9,319 | 24.5 yrs | £-1,714 |
| 3 kW | 2540 kWh | 1854 kWh | 686 kWh | £502 | £69 | £570 | £11,354 | 19.9 yrs | £53 |
| 4 kW | 3387 kWh | 2472 kWh | 914 kWh | £669 | £91 | £760 | £13,388 | 17.6 yrs | £1,821 |
| 5 kW | 4233 kWh | 3090 kWh | 1143 kWh | £836 | £114 | £951 | £15,423 | 16.2 yrs | £3,589 |
| 6 kW | 5080 kWh | 3709 kWh | 1372 kWh | £1,004 | £137 | £1,141 | £17,457 | 15.3 yrs | £5,357 |
| 7 kW | 5927 kWh | 4327 kWh | 1600 kWh | £1,171 | £160 | £1,331 | £19,492 | 14.6 yrs | £7,124 |
| 8 kW | 6774 kWh | 4945 kWh | 1829 kWh | £1,338 | £183 | £1,521 | £21,526 | 14.2 yrs | £8,892 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £965, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1693 kWh | 1270 kWh | 423 kWh | £344 | £42 | £386 | £11,069 | 28.7 yrs | £-3,349 |
| 3 kW | 2540 kWh | 1905 kWh | 635 kWh | £516 | £64 | £579 | £13,104 | 22.6 yrs | £-1,523 |
| 4 kW | 3387 kWh | 2540 kWh | 847 kWh | £687 | £85 | £772 | £15,138 | 19.6 yrs | £302 |
| 5 kW | 4233 kWh | 3175 kWh | 1058 kWh | £859 | £106 | £965 | £17,173 | 17.8 yrs | £2,128 |
| 6 kW | 5080 kWh | 3810 kWh | 1270 kWh | £1,031 | £127 | £1,158 | £19,207 | 16.6 yrs | £3,953 |
| 7 kW | 5927 kWh | 4445 kWh | 1482 kWh | £1,203 | £148 | £1,351 | £21,242 | 15.7 yrs | £5,779 |
| 8 kW | 6774 kWh | 5080 kWh | 1693 kWh | £1,375 | £169 | £1,544 | £23,276 | 15.1 yrs | £7,604 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £979, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1693 kWh | 1304 kWh | 389 kWh | £353 | £39 | £392 | £13,519 | 34.5 yrs | £-5,683 |
| 3 kW | 2540 kWh | 1956 kWh | 584 kWh | £529 | £58 | £588 | £15,554 | 26.5 yrs | £-3,800 |
| 4 kW | 3387 kWh | 2608 kWh | 779 kWh | £706 | £78 | £784 | £17,588 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,917 |
| 5 kW | 4233 kWh | 3260 kWh | 974 kWh | £882 | £97 | £979 | £19,623 | 20.0 yrs | £-33 |
| 6 kW | 5080 kWh | 3912 kWh | 1168 kWh | £1,059 | £117 | £1,175 | £21,657 | 18.4 yrs | £1,850 |
| 7 kW | 5927 kWh | 4564 kWh | 1363 kWh | £1,235 | £136 | £1,371 | £23,692 | 17.3 yrs | £3,733 |
| 8 kW | 6774 kWh | 5216 kWh | 1558 kWh | £1,411 | £156 | £1,567 | £25,726 | 16.4 yrs | £5,617 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.