A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 779 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £655, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 15.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1558 kWh | 623 kWh | 935 kWh | £169 | £93 | £262 | £4,069 | 15.5 yrs | £1,174 |
| 3 kW | 2337 kWh | 935 kWh | 1402 kWh | £253 | £140 | £393 | £6,104 | 15.5 yrs | £1,761 |
| 4 kW | 3116 kWh | 1247 kWh | 1870 kWh | £337 | £187 | £524 | £8,138 | 15.5 yrs | £2,348 |
| 5 kW | 3895 kWh | 1558 kWh | 2337 kWh | £422 | £234 | £655 | £10,173 | 15.5 yrs | £2,935 |
| 6 kW | 4674 kWh | 1870 kWh | 2805 kWh | £506 | £280 | £786 | £12,207 | 15.5 yrs | £3,521 |
| 7 kW | 5453 kWh | 2181 kWh | 3272 kWh | £590 | £327 | £917 | £14,242 | 15.5 yrs | £4,108 |
| 8 kW | 6233 kWh | 2493 kWh | 3740 kWh | £675 | £374 | £1,049 | £16,276 | 15.5 yrs | £4,695 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £788, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1558 kWh | 935 kWh | 623 kWh | £253 | £62 | £315 | £6,169 | 19.6 yrs | £137 |
| 3 kW | 2337 kWh | 1402 kWh | 935 kWh | £379 | £93 | £473 | £8,204 | 17.3 yrs | £1,256 |
| 4 kW | 3116 kWh | 1870 kWh | 1247 kWh | £506 | £125 | £631 | £10,238 | 16.2 yrs | £2,374 |
| 5 kW | 3895 kWh | 2337 kWh | 1558 kWh | £632 | £156 | £788 | £12,273 | 15.6 yrs | £3,493 |
| 6 kW | 4674 kWh | 2805 kWh | 1870 kWh | £759 | £187 | £946 | £14,307 | 15.1 yrs | £4,611 |
| 7 kW | 5453 kWh | 3272 kWh | 2181 kWh | £885 | £218 | £1,104 | £16,342 | 14.8 yrs | £5,730 |
| 8 kW | 6233 kWh | 3740 kWh | 2493 kWh | £1,012 | £249 | £1,261 | £18,376 | 14.6 yrs | £6,848 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £855, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1558 kWh | 1091 kWh | 467 kWh | £295 | £47 | £342 | £7,569 | 22.1 yrs | £-731 |
| 3 kW | 2337 kWh | 1636 kWh | 701 kWh | £443 | £70 | £513 | £9,604 | 18.7 yrs | £653 |
| 4 kW | 3116 kWh | 2181 kWh | 935 kWh | £590 | £93 | £684 | £11,638 | 17.0 yrs | £2,037 |
| 5 kW | 3895 kWh | 2727 kWh | 1169 kWh | £738 | £117 | £855 | £13,673 | 16.0 yrs | £3,422 |
| 6 kW | 4674 kWh | 3272 kWh | 1402 kWh | £885 | £140 | £1,026 | £15,707 | 15.3 yrs | £4,806 |
| 7 kW | 5453 kWh | 3817 kWh | 1636 kWh | £1,033 | £164 | £1,197 | £17,742 | 14.8 yrs | £6,191 |
| 8 kW | 6233 kWh | 4363 kWh | 1870 kWh | £1,181 | £187 | £1,368 | £19,776 | 14.5 yrs | £7,575 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £875, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1558 kWh | 1137 kWh | 421 kWh | £308 | £42 | £350 | £9,319 | 26.6 yrs | £-2,322 |
| 3 kW | 2337 kWh | 1706 kWh | 631 kWh | £462 | £63 | £525 | £11,354 | 21.6 yrs | £-858 |
| 4 kW | 3116 kWh | 2275 kWh | 841 kWh | £616 | £84 | £700 | £13,388 | 19.1 yrs | £606 |
| 5 kW | 3895 kWh | 2844 kWh | 1052 kWh | £769 | £105 | £875 | £15,423 | 17.6 yrs | £2,071 |
| 6 kW | 4674 kWh | 3412 kWh | 1262 kWh | £923 | £126 | £1,050 | £17,457 | 16.6 yrs | £3,535 |
| 7 kW | 5453 kWh | 3981 kWh | 1472 kWh | £1,077 | £147 | £1,225 | £19,492 | 15.9 yrs | £4,999 |
| 8 kW | 6233 kWh | 4550 kWh | 1683 kWh | £1,231 | £168 | £1,399 | £21,526 | 15.4 yrs | £6,463 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £888, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 19.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1558 kWh | 1169 kWh | 390 kWh | £316 | £39 | £355 | £11,069 | 31.2 yrs | £-3,965 |
| 3 kW | 2337 kWh | 1753 kWh | 584 kWh | £474 | £58 | £533 | £13,104 | 24.6 yrs | £-2,448 |
| 4 kW | 3116 kWh | 2337 kWh | 779 kWh | £632 | £78 | £710 | £15,138 | 21.3 yrs | £-931 |
| 5 kW | 3895 kWh | 2922 kWh | 974 kWh | £791 | £97 | £888 | £17,173 | 19.3 yrs | £586 |
| 6 kW | 4674 kWh | 3506 kWh | 1169 kWh | £949 | £117 | £1,066 | £19,207 | 18.0 yrs | £2,104 |
| 7 kW | 5453 kWh | 4090 kWh | 1363 kWh | £1,107 | £136 | £1,243 | £21,242 | 17.1 yrs | £3,621 |
| 8 kW | 6233 kWh | 4674 kWh | 1558 kWh | £1,265 | £156 | £1,421 | £23,276 | 16.4 yrs | £5,138 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £901, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1558 kWh | 1200 kWh | 358 kWh | £325 | £36 | £360 | £13,519 | 37.5 yrs | £-6,309 |
| 3 kW | 2337 kWh | 1800 kWh | 538 kWh | £487 | £54 | £541 | £15,554 | 28.8 yrs | £-4,739 |
| 4 kW | 3116 kWh | 2400 kWh | 717 kWh | £649 | £72 | £721 | £17,588 | 24.4 yrs | £-3,168 |
| 5 kW | 3895 kWh | 2999 kWh | 896 kWh | £812 | £90 | £901 | £19,623 | 21.8 yrs | £-1,598 |
| 6 kW | 4674 kWh | 3599 kWh | 1075 kWh | £974 | £108 | £1,081 | £21,657 | 20.0 yrs | £-27 |
| 7 kW | 5453 kWh | 4199 kWh | 1254 kWh | £1,136 | £125 | £1,262 | £23,692 | 18.8 yrs | £1,543 |
| 8 kW | 6233 kWh | 4799 kWh | 1433 kWh | £1,299 | £143 | £1,442 | £25,726 | 17.8 yrs | £3,113 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.