A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 844 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £710, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1689 kWh | 675 kWh | 1013 kWh | £183 | £101 | £284 | £4,069 | 14.3 yrs | £1,613 |
| 3 kW | 2533 kWh | 1013 kWh | 1520 kWh | £274 | £152 | £426 | £6,104 | 14.3 yrs | £2,419 |
| 4 kW | 3377 kWh | 1351 kWh | 2026 kWh | £366 | £203 | £568 | £8,138 | 14.3 yrs | £3,225 |
| 5 kW | 4221 kWh | 1689 kWh | 2533 kWh | £457 | £253 | £710 | £10,173 | 14.3 yrs | £4,032 |
| 6 kW | 5066 kWh | 2026 kWh | 3039 kWh | £548 | £304 | £852 | £12,207 | 14.3 yrs | £4,838 |
| 7 kW | 5910 kWh | 2364 kWh | 3546 kWh | £640 | £355 | £994 | £14,242 | 14.3 yrs | £5,644 |
| 8 kW | 6754 kWh | 2702 kWh | 4053 kWh | £731 | £405 | £1,136 | £16,276 | 14.3 yrs | £6,451 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £854, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1689 kWh | 1013 kWh | 675 kWh | £274 | £68 | £342 | £6,169 | 18.1 yrs | £665 |
| 3 kW | 2533 kWh | 1520 kWh | 1013 kWh | £411 | £101 | £513 | £8,204 | 16.0 yrs | £2,048 |
| 4 kW | 3377 kWh | 2026 kWh | 1351 kWh | £548 | £135 | £683 | £10,238 | 15.0 yrs | £3,430 |
| 5 kW | 4221 kWh | 2533 kWh | 1689 kWh | £685 | £169 | £854 | £12,273 | 14.4 yrs | £4,813 |
| 6 kW | 5066 kWh | 3039 kWh | 2026 kWh | £822 | £203 | £1,025 | £14,307 | 14.0 yrs | £6,195 |
| 7 kW | 5910 kWh | 3546 kWh | 2364 kWh | £960 | £236 | £1,196 | £16,342 | 13.7 yrs | £7,578 |
| 8 kW | 6754 kWh | 4053 kWh | 2702 kWh | £1,097 | £270 | £1,367 | £18,376 | 13.4 yrs | £8,960 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £926, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1689 kWh | 1182 kWh | 507 kWh | £320 | £51 | £371 | £7,569 | 20.4 yrs | £-159 |
| 3 kW | 2533 kWh | 1773 kWh | 760 kWh | £480 | £76 | £556 | £9,604 | 17.3 yrs | £1,512 |
| 4 kW | 3377 kWh | 2364 kWh | 1013 kWh | £640 | £101 | £741 | £11,638 | 15.7 yrs | £3,182 |
| 5 kW | 4221 kWh | 2955 kWh | 1266 kWh | £800 | £127 | £926 | £13,673 | 14.8 yrs | £4,853 |
| 6 kW | 5066 kWh | 3546 kWh | 1520 kWh | £960 | £152 | £1,112 | £15,707 | 14.1 yrs | £6,523 |
| 7 kW | 5910 kWh | 4137 kWh | 1773 kWh | £1,119 | £177 | £1,297 | £17,742 | 13.7 yrs | £8,194 |
| 8 kW | 6754 kWh | 4728 kWh | 2026 kWh | £1,279 | £203 | £1,482 | £19,776 | 13.3 yrs | £9,865 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £948, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1689 kWh | 1233 kWh | 456 kWh | £334 | £46 | £379 | £9,319 | 24.6 yrs | £-1,736 |
| 3 kW | 2533 kWh | 1849 kWh | 684 kWh | £500 | £68 | £569 | £11,354 | 20.0 yrs | £21 |
| 4 kW | 3377 kWh | 2465 kWh | 912 kWh | £667 | £91 | £758 | £13,388 | 17.7 yrs | £1,778 |
| 5 kW | 4221 kWh | 3082 kWh | 1140 kWh | £834 | £114 | £948 | £15,423 | 16.3 yrs | £3,535 |
| 6 kW | 5066 kWh | 3698 kWh | 1368 kWh | £1,001 | £137 | £1,137 | £17,457 | 15.3 yrs | £5,292 |
| 7 kW | 5910 kWh | 4314 kWh | 1596 kWh | £1,167 | £160 | £1,327 | £19,492 | 14.7 yrs | £7,049 |
| 8 kW | 6754 kWh | 4931 kWh | 1824 kWh | £1,334 | £182 | £1,517 | £21,526 | 14.2 yrs | £8,806 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £962, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1689 kWh | 1266 kWh | 422 kWh | £343 | £42 | £385 | £11,069 | 28.8 yrs | £-3,371 |
| 3 kW | 2533 kWh | 1900 kWh | 633 kWh | £514 | £63 | £577 | £13,104 | 22.7 yrs | £-1,556 |
| 4 kW | 3377 kWh | 2533 kWh | 844 kWh | £685 | £84 | £770 | £15,138 | 19.7 yrs | £258 |
| 5 kW | 4221 kWh | 3166 kWh | 1055 kWh | £857 | £106 | £962 | £17,173 | 17.8 yrs | £2,073 |
| 6 kW | 5066 kWh | 3799 kWh | 1266 kWh | £1,028 | £127 | £1,155 | £19,207 | 16.6 yrs | £3,888 |
| 7 kW | 5910 kWh | 4433 kWh | 1478 kWh | £1,199 | £148 | £1,347 | £21,242 | 15.8 yrs | £5,702 |
| 8 kW | 6754 kWh | 5066 kWh | 1689 kWh | £1,371 | £169 | £1,540 | £23,276 | 15.1 yrs | £7,517 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £977, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1689 kWh | 1300 kWh | 388 kWh | £352 | £39 | £391 | £13,519 | 34.6 yrs | £-5,706 |
| 3 kW | 2533 kWh | 1950 kWh | 583 kWh | £528 | £58 | £586 | £15,554 | 26.5 yrs | £-3,833 |
| 4 kW | 3377 kWh | 2600 kWh | 777 kWh | £704 | £78 | £781 | £17,588 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,961 |
| 5 kW | 4221 kWh | 3251 kWh | 971 kWh | £880 | £97 | £977 | £19,623 | 20.1 yrs | £-89 |
| 6 kW | 5066 kWh | 3901 kWh | 1165 kWh | £1,056 | £117 | £1,172 | £21,657 | 18.5 yrs | £1,783 |
| 7 kW | 5910 kWh | 4551 kWh | 1359 kWh | £1,231 | £136 | £1,367 | £23,692 | 17.3 yrs | £3,656 |
| 8 kW | 6754 kWh | 5201 kWh | 1553 kWh | £1,407 | £155 | £1,563 | £25,726 | 16.5 yrs | £5,528 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.