A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 837 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £684, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1675 kWh | 670 kWh | 1005 kWh | £173 | £100 | £274 | £4,069 | 14.9 yrs | £1,403 |
| 3 kW | 2512 kWh | 1005 kWh | 1507 kWh | £260 | £151 | £410 | £6,104 | 14.9 yrs | £2,105 |
| 4 kW | 3350 kWh | 1340 kWh | 2010 kWh | £346 | £201 | £547 | £8,138 | 14.9 yrs | £2,807 |
| 5 kW | 4187 kWh | 1675 kWh | 2512 kWh | £433 | £251 | £684 | £10,173 | 14.9 yrs | £3,508 |
| 6 kW | 5025 kWh | 2010 kWh | 3015 kWh | £519 | £301 | £821 | £12,207 | 14.9 yrs | £4,210 |
| 7 kW | 5862 kWh | 2345 kWh | 3517 kWh | £606 | £352 | £958 | £14,242 | 14.9 yrs | £4,912 |
| 8 kW | 6700 kWh | 2680 kWh | 4020 kWh | £692 | £402 | £1,094 | £16,276 | 14.9 yrs | £5,613 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £817, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1675 kWh | 1005 kWh | 670 kWh | £260 | £67 | £327 | £6,169 | 18.9 yrs | £365 |
| 3 kW | 2512 kWh | 1507 kWh | 1005 kWh | £390 | £100 | £490 | £8,204 | 16.7 yrs | £1,597 |
| 4 kW | 3350 kWh | 2010 kWh | 1340 kWh | £519 | £134 | £653 | £10,238 | 15.7 yrs | £2,829 |
| 5 kW | 4187 kWh | 2512 kWh | 1675 kWh | £649 | £167 | £817 | £12,273 | 15.0 yrs | £4,061 |
| 6 kW | 5025 kWh | 3015 kWh | 2010 kWh | £779 | £201 | £980 | £14,307 | 14.6 yrs | £5,294 |
| 7 kW | 5862 kWh | 3517 kWh | 2345 kWh | £909 | £234 | £1,143 | £16,342 | 14.3 yrs | £6,526 |
| 8 kW | 6700 kWh | 4020 kWh | 2680 kWh | £1,039 | £268 | £1,307 | £18,376 | 14.1 yrs | £7,758 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £883, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1675 kWh | 1172 kWh | 502 kWh | £303 | £50 | £353 | £7,569 | 21.4 yrs | £-505 |
| 3 kW | 2512 kWh | 1759 kWh | 754 kWh | £454 | £75 | £530 | £9,604 | 18.1 yrs | £993 |
| 4 kW | 3350 kWh | 2345 kWh | 1005 kWh | £606 | £100 | £706 | £11,638 | 16.5 yrs | £2,490 |
| 5 kW | 4187 kWh | 2931 kWh | 1256 kWh | £757 | £126 | £883 | £13,673 | 15.5 yrs | £3,988 |
| 6 kW | 5025 kWh | 3517 kWh | 1507 kWh | £909 | £151 | £1,060 | £15,707 | 14.8 yrs | £5,486 |
| 7 kW | 5862 kWh | 4104 kWh | 1759 kWh | £1,060 | £176 | £1,236 | £17,742 | 14.4 yrs | £6,983 |
| 8 kW | 6700 kWh | 4690 kWh | 2010 kWh | £1,212 | £201 | £1,413 | £19,776 | 14.0 yrs | £8,481 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £903, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1675 kWh | 1223 kWh | 452 kWh | £316 | £45 | £361 | £9,319 | 25.8 yrs | £-2,096 |
| 3 kW | 2512 kWh | 1834 kWh | 678 kWh | £474 | £68 | £542 | £11,354 | 21.0 yrs | £-518 |
| 4 kW | 3350 kWh | 2445 kWh | 904 kWh | £632 | £90 | £722 | £13,388 | 18.5 yrs | £1,059 |
| 5 kW | 4187 kWh | 3057 kWh | 1131 kWh | £790 | £113 | £903 | £15,423 | 17.1 yrs | £2,636 |
| 6 kW | 5025 kWh | 3668 kWh | 1357 kWh | £948 | £136 | £1,084 | £17,457 | 16.1 yrs | £4,213 |
| 7 kW | 5862 kWh | 4279 kWh | 1583 kWh | £1,106 | £158 | £1,264 | £19,492 | 15.4 yrs | £5,790 |
| 8 kW | 6700 kWh | 4891 kWh | 1809 kWh | £1,264 | £181 | £1,445 | £21,526 | 14.9 yrs | £7,368 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £916, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1675 kWh | 1256 kWh | 419 kWh | £325 | £42 | £366 | £11,069 | 30.2 yrs | £-3,739 |
| 3 kW | 2512 kWh | 1884 kWh | 628 kWh | £487 | £63 | £550 | £13,104 | 23.8 yrs | £-2,109 |
| 4 kW | 3350 kWh | 2512 kWh | 837 kWh | £649 | £84 | £733 | £15,138 | 20.7 yrs | £-479 |
| 5 kW | 4187 kWh | 3141 kWh | 1047 kWh | £812 | £105 | £916 | £17,173 | 18.7 yrs | £1,151 |
| 6 kW | 5025 kWh | 3769 kWh | 1256 kWh | £974 | £126 | £1,099 | £19,207 | 17.5 yrs | £2,782 |
| 7 kW | 5862 kWh | 4397 kWh | 1466 kWh | £1,136 | £147 | £1,283 | £21,242 | 16.6 yrs | £4,412 |
| 8 kW | 6700 kWh | 5025 kWh | 1675 kWh | £1,298 | £167 | £1,466 | £23,276 | 15.9 yrs | £6,042 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £929, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1675 kWh | 1290 kWh | 385 kWh | £333 | £39 | £372 | £13,519 | 36.4 yrs | £-6,083 |
| 3 kW | 2512 kWh | 1935 kWh | 578 kWh | £500 | £58 | £558 | £15,554 | 27.9 yrs | £-4,400 |
| 4 kW | 3350 kWh | 2579 kWh | 770 kWh | £667 | £77 | £744 | £17,588 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,717 |
| 5 kW | 4187 kWh | 3224 kWh | 963 kWh | £833 | £96 | £929 | £19,623 | 21.1 yrs | £-1,033 |
| 6 kW | 5025 kWh | 3869 kWh | 1156 kWh | £1,000 | £116 | £1,115 | £21,657 | 19.4 yrs | £650 |
| 7 kW | 5862 kWh | 4514 kWh | 1348 kWh | £1,166 | £135 | £1,301 | £23,692 | 18.2 yrs | £2,333 |
| 8 kW | 6700 kWh | 5159 kWh | 1541 kWh | £1,333 | £154 | £1,487 | £25,726 | 17.3 yrs | £4,017 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.