A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 987 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £819, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1974 kWh | 789 kWh | 1184 kWh | £209 | £118 | £327 | £4,069 | 12.4 yrs | £2,480 |
| 3 kW | 2960 kWh | 1184 kWh | 1776 kWh | £314 | £178 | £491 | £6,104 | 12.4 yrs | £3,721 |
| 4 kW | 3947 kWh | 1579 kWh | 2368 kWh | £418 | £237 | £655 | £8,138 | 12.4 yrs | £4,961 |
| 5 kW | 4934 kWh | 1974 kWh | 2960 kWh | £523 | £296 | £819 | £10,173 | 12.4 yrs | £6,201 |
| 6 kW | 5921 kWh | 2368 kWh | 3553 kWh | £627 | £355 | £982 | £12,207 | 12.4 yrs | £7,441 |
| 7 kW | 6908 kWh | 2763 kWh | 4145 kWh | £732 | £414 | £1,146 | £14,242 | 12.4 yrs | £8,681 |
| 8 kW | 7895 kWh | 3158 kWh | 4737 kWh | £836 | £474 | £1,310 | £16,276 | 12.4 yrs | £9,921 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £981, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1974 kWh | 1184 kWh | 789 kWh | £314 | £79 | £393 | £6,169 | 15.7 yrs | £1,681 |
| 3 kW | 2960 kWh | 1776 kWh | 1184 kWh | £470 | £118 | £589 | £8,204 | 13.9 yrs | £3,572 |
| 4 kW | 3947 kWh | 2368 kWh | 1579 kWh | £627 | £158 | £785 | £10,238 | 13.0 yrs | £5,463 |
| 5 kW | 4934 kWh | 2960 kWh | 1974 kWh | £784 | £197 | £981 | £12,273 | 12.5 yrs | £7,354 |
| 6 kW | 5921 kWh | 3553 kWh | 2368 kWh | £941 | £237 | £1,178 | £14,307 | 12.1 yrs | £9,244 |
| 7 kW | 6908 kWh | 4145 kWh | 2763 kWh | £1,098 | £276 | £1,374 | £16,342 | 11.9 yrs | £11,135 |
| 8 kW | 7895 kWh | 4737 kWh | 3158 kWh | £1,254 | £316 | £1,570 | £18,376 | 11.7 yrs | £13,026 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,063, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1974 kWh | 1382 kWh | 592 kWh | £366 | £59 | £425 | £7,569 | 17.8 yrs | £932 |
| 3 kW | 2960 kWh | 2072 kWh | 888 kWh | £549 | £89 | £638 | £9,604 | 15.1 yrs | £3,148 |
| 4 kW | 3947 kWh | 2763 kWh | 1184 kWh | £732 | £118 | £850 | £11,638 | 13.7 yrs | £5,364 |
| 5 kW | 4934 kWh | 3454 kWh | 1480 kWh | £915 | £148 | £1,063 | £13,673 | 12.9 yrs | £7,580 |
| 6 kW | 5921 kWh | 4145 kWh | 1776 kWh | £1,098 | £178 | £1,275 | £15,707 | 12.3 yrs | £9,796 |
| 7 kW | 6908 kWh | 4835 kWh | 2072 kWh | £1,280 | £207 | £1,488 | £17,742 | 11.9 yrs | £12,012 |
| 8 kW | 7895 kWh | 5526 kWh | 2368 kWh | £1,463 | £237 | £1,700 | £19,776 | 11.6 yrs | £14,228 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,087, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1974 kWh | 1441 kWh | 533 kWh | £382 | £53 | £435 | £9,319 | 21.4 yrs | £-623 |
| 3 kW | 2960 kWh | 2161 kWh | 799 kWh | £572 | £80 | £652 | £11,354 | 17.4 yrs | £1,691 |
| 4 kW | 3947 kWh | 2882 kWh | 1066 kWh | £763 | £107 | £870 | £13,388 | 15.4 yrs | £4,004 |
| 5 kW | 4934 kWh | 3602 kWh | 1332 kWh | £954 | £133 | £1,087 | £15,423 | 14.2 yrs | £6,318 |
| 6 kW | 5921 kWh | 4322 kWh | 1599 kWh | £1,145 | £160 | £1,304 | £17,457 | 13.4 yrs | £8,631 |
| 7 kW | 6908 kWh | 5043 kWh | 1865 kWh | £1,335 | £187 | £1,522 | £19,492 | 12.8 yrs | £10,945 |
| 8 kW | 7895 kWh | 5763 kWh | 2132 kWh | £1,526 | £213 | £1,739 | £21,526 | 12.4 yrs | £13,258 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,103, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1974 kWh | 1480 kWh | 493 kWh | £392 | £49 | £441 | £11,069 | 25.1 yrs | £-2,243 |
| 3 kW | 2960 kWh | 2220 kWh | 740 kWh | £588 | £74 | £662 | £13,104 | 19.8 yrs | £136 |
| 4 kW | 3947 kWh | 2960 kWh | 987 kWh | £784 | £99 | £883 | £15,138 | 17.2 yrs | £2,514 |
| 5 kW | 4934 kWh | 3701 kWh | 1234 kWh | £980 | £123 | £1,103 | £17,173 | 15.6 yrs | £4,893 |
| 6 kW | 5921 kWh | 4441 kWh | 1480 kWh | £1,176 | £148 | £1,324 | £19,207 | 14.5 yrs | £7,272 |
| 7 kW | 6908 kWh | 5181 kWh | 1727 kWh | £1,372 | £173 | £1,545 | £21,242 | 13.8 yrs | £9,650 |
| 8 kW | 7895 kWh | 5921 kWh | 1974 kWh | £1,568 | £197 | £1,765 | £23,276 | 13.2 yrs | £12,029 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,120, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1974 kWh | 1520 kWh | 454 kWh | £402 | £45 | £448 | £13,519 | 30.2 yrs | £-4,563 |
| 3 kW | 2960 kWh | 2280 kWh | 681 kWh | £604 | £68 | £672 | £15,554 | 23.2 yrs | £-2,119 |
| 4 kW | 3947 kWh | 3039 kWh | 908 kWh | £805 | £91 | £896 | £17,588 | 19.6 yrs | £325 |
| 5 kW | 4934 kWh | 3799 kWh | 1135 kWh | £1,006 | £113 | £1,120 | £19,623 | 17.5 yrs | £2,768 |
| 6 kW | 5921 kWh | 4559 kWh | 1362 kWh | £1,207 | £136 | £1,343 | £21,657 | 16.1 yrs | £5,212 |
| 7 kW | 6908 kWh | 5319 kWh | 1589 kWh | £1,408 | £159 | £1,567 | £23,692 | 15.1 yrs | £7,656 |
| 8 kW | 7895 kWh | 6079 kWh | 1816 kWh | £1,610 | £182 | £1,791 | £25,726 | 14.4 yrs | £10,099 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.