A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 815 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £686, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1630 kWh | 652 kWh | 978 kWh | £177 | £98 | £274 | £4,069 | 14.8 yrs | £1,421 |
| 3 kW | 2444 kWh | 978 kWh | 1467 kWh | £265 | £147 | £412 | £6,104 | 14.8 yrs | £2,131 |
| 4 kW | 3259 kWh | 1304 kWh | 1955 kWh | £353 | £196 | £549 | £8,138 | 14.8 yrs | £2,841 |
| 5 kW | 4074 kWh | 1630 kWh | 2444 kWh | £442 | £244 | £686 | £10,173 | 14.8 yrs | £3,552 |
| 6 kW | 4889 kWh | 1955 kWh | 2933 kWh | £530 | £293 | £823 | £12,207 | 14.8 yrs | £4,262 |
| 7 kW | 5703 kWh | 2281 kWh | 3422 kWh | £618 | £342 | £961 | £14,242 | 14.8 yrs | £4,972 |
| 8 kW | 6518 kWh | 2607 kWh | 3911 kWh | £707 | £391 | £1,098 | £16,276 | 14.8 yrs | £5,683 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £826, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1630 kWh | 978 kWh | 652 kWh | £265 | £65 | £330 | £6,169 | 18.7 yrs | £436 |
| 3 kW | 2444 kWh | 1467 kWh | 978 kWh | £398 | £98 | £495 | £8,204 | 16.6 yrs | £1,704 |
| 4 kW | 3259 kWh | 1955 kWh | 1304 kWh | £530 | £130 | £660 | £10,238 | 15.5 yrs | £2,972 |
| 5 kW | 4074 kWh | 2444 kWh | 1630 kWh | £663 | £163 | £826 | £12,273 | 14.9 yrs | £4,240 |
| 6 kW | 4889 kWh | 2933 kWh | 1955 kWh | £795 | £196 | £991 | £14,307 | 14.4 yrs | £5,508 |
| 7 kW | 5703 kWh | 3422 kWh | 2281 kWh | £928 | £228 | £1,156 | £16,342 | 14.1 yrs | £6,776 |
| 8 kW | 6518 kWh | 3911 kWh | 2607 kWh | £1,060 | £261 | £1,321 | £18,376 | 13.9 yrs | £8,044 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £895, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1630 kWh | 1141 kWh | 489 kWh | £309 | £49 | £358 | £7,569 | 21.1 yrs | £-406 |
| 3 kW | 2444 kWh | 1711 kWh | 733 kWh | £464 | £73 | £537 | £9,604 | 17.9 yrs | £1,140 |
| 4 kW | 3259 kWh | 2281 kWh | 978 kWh | £618 | £98 | £716 | £11,638 | 16.2 yrs | £2,687 |
| 5 kW | 4074 kWh | 2852 kWh | 1222 kWh | £773 | £122 | £895 | £13,673 | 15.3 yrs | £4,234 |
| 6 kW | 4889 kWh | 3422 kWh | 1467 kWh | £928 | £147 | £1,074 | £15,707 | 14.6 yrs | £5,781 |
| 7 kW | 5703 kWh | 3992 kWh | 1711 kWh | £1,082 | £171 | £1,253 | £17,742 | 14.2 yrs | £7,327 |
| 8 kW | 6518 kWh | 4563 kWh | 1955 kWh | £1,237 | £196 | £1,433 | £19,776 | 13.8 yrs | £8,874 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £916, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1630 kWh | 1190 kWh | 440 kWh | £322 | £44 | £366 | £9,319 | 25.4 yrs | £-1,989 |
| 3 kW | 2444 kWh | 1784 kWh | 660 kWh | £484 | £66 | £550 | £11,354 | 20.7 yrs | £-359 |
| 4 kW | 3259 kWh | 2379 kWh | 880 kWh | £645 | £88 | £733 | £13,388 | 18.3 yrs | £1,272 |
| 5 kW | 4074 kWh | 2974 kWh | 1100 kWh | £806 | £110 | £916 | £15,423 | 16.8 yrs | £2,902 |
| 6 kW | 4889 kWh | 3569 kWh | 1320 kWh | £967 | £132 | £1,099 | £17,457 | 15.9 yrs | £4,533 |
| 7 kW | 5703 kWh | 4164 kWh | 1540 kWh | £1,129 | £154 | £1,283 | £19,492 | 15.2 yrs | £6,163 |
| 8 kW | 6518 kWh | 4758 kWh | 1760 kWh | £1,290 | £176 | £1,466 | £21,526 | 14.7 yrs | £7,793 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £930, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1630 kWh | 1222 kWh | 407 kWh | £331 | £41 | £372 | £11,069 | 29.7 yrs | £-3,628 |
| 3 kW | 2444 kWh | 1833 kWh | 611 kWh | £497 | £61 | £558 | £13,104 | 23.5 yrs | £-1,941 |
| 4 kW | 3259 kWh | 2444 kWh | 815 kWh | £663 | £81 | £744 | £15,138 | 20.3 yrs | £-255 |
| 5 kW | 4074 kWh | 3055 kWh | 1018 kWh | £828 | £102 | £930 | £17,173 | 18.5 yrs | £1,431 |
| 6 kW | 4889 kWh | 3667 kWh | 1222 kWh | £994 | £122 | £1,116 | £19,207 | 17.2 yrs | £3,117 |
| 7 kW | 5703 kWh | 4278 kWh | 1426 kWh | £1,160 | £143 | £1,302 | £21,242 | 16.3 yrs | £4,803 |
| 8 kW | 6518 kWh | 4889 kWh | 1630 kWh | £1,325 | £163 | £1,488 | £23,276 | 15.6 yrs | £6,489 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £944, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1630 kWh | 1255 kWh | 375 kWh | £340 | £37 | £378 | £13,519 | 35.8 yrs | £-5,966 |
| 3 kW | 2444 kWh | 1882 kWh | 562 kWh | £510 | £56 | £566 | £15,554 | 27.5 yrs | £-4,224 |
| 4 kW | 3259 kWh | 2510 kWh | 750 kWh | £680 | £75 | £755 | £17,588 | 23.3 yrs | £-2,482 |
| 5 kW | 4074 kWh | 3137 kWh | 937 kWh | £850 | £94 | £944 | £19,623 | 20.8 yrs | £-740 |
| 6 kW | 4889 kWh | 3764 kWh | 1124 kWh | £1,020 | £112 | £1,133 | £21,657 | 19.1 yrs | £1,002 |
| 7 kW | 5703 kWh | 4392 kWh | 1312 kWh | £1,191 | £131 | £1,322 | £23,692 | 17.9 yrs | £2,744 |
| 8 kW | 6518 kWh | 5019 kWh | 1499 kWh | £1,361 | £150 | £1,511 | £25,726 | 17.0 yrs | £4,486 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.