A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 829 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £698, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1657 kWh | 663 kWh | 994 kWh | £180 | £99 | £279 | £4,069 | 14.6 yrs | £1,515 |
| 3 kW | 2486 kWh | 994 kWh | 1492 kWh | £270 | £149 | £419 | £6,104 | 14.6 yrs | £2,272 |
| 4 kW | 3315 kWh | 1326 kWh | 1989 kWh | £359 | £199 | £558 | £8,138 | 14.6 yrs | £3,029 |
| 5 kW | 4144 kWh | 1657 kWh | 2486 kWh | £449 | £249 | £698 | £10,173 | 14.6 yrs | £3,787 |
| 6 kW | 4972 kWh | 1989 kWh | 2983 kWh | £539 | £298 | £838 | £12,207 | 14.6 yrs | £4,544 |
| 7 kW | 5801 kWh | 2320 kWh | 3481 kWh | £629 | £348 | £977 | £14,242 | 14.6 yrs | £5,301 |
| 8 kW | 6630 kWh | 2652 kWh | 3978 kWh | £719 | £398 | £1,117 | £16,276 | 14.6 yrs | £6,059 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £840, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1657 kWh | 994 kWh | 663 kWh | £270 | £66 | £336 | £6,169 | 18.4 yrs | £549 |
| 3 kW | 2486 kWh | 1492 kWh | 994 kWh | £404 | £99 | £504 | £8,204 | 16.3 yrs | £1,874 |
| 4 kW | 3315 kWh | 1989 kWh | 1326 kWh | £539 | £133 | £672 | £10,238 | 15.2 yrs | £3,198 |
| 5 kW | 4144 kWh | 2486 kWh | 1657 kWh | £674 | £166 | £840 | £12,273 | 14.6 yrs | £4,523 |
| 6 kW | 4972 kWh | 2983 kWh | 1989 kWh | £809 | £199 | £1,008 | £14,307 | 14.2 yrs | £5,847 |
| 7 kW | 5801 kWh | 3481 kWh | 2320 kWh | £944 | £232 | £1,176 | £16,342 | 13.9 yrs | £7,172 |
| 8 kW | 6630 kWh | 3978 kWh | 2652 kWh | £1,078 | £265 | £1,344 | £18,376 | 13.7 yrs | £8,496 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £911, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1657 kWh | 1160 kWh | 497 kWh | £315 | £50 | £364 | £7,569 | 20.8 yrs | £-284 |
| 3 kW | 2486 kWh | 1740 kWh | 746 kWh | £472 | £75 | £546 | £9,604 | 17.6 yrs | £1,324 |
| 4 kW | 3315 kWh | 2320 kWh | 994 kWh | £629 | £99 | £729 | £11,638 | 16.0 yrs | £2,933 |
| 5 kW | 4144 kWh | 2901 kWh | 1243 kWh | £786 | £124 | £911 | £13,673 | 15.0 yrs | £4,541 |
| 6 kW | 4972 kWh | 3481 kWh | 1492 kWh | £944 | £149 | £1,093 | £15,707 | 14.4 yrs | £6,149 |
| 7 kW | 5801 kWh | 4061 kWh | 1740 kWh | £1,101 | £174 | £1,275 | £17,742 | 13.9 yrs | £7,757 |
| 8 kW | 6630 kWh | 4641 kWh | 1989 kWh | £1,258 | £199 | £1,457 | £19,776 | 13.6 yrs | £9,365 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £932, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1657 kWh | 1210 kWh | 448 kWh | £328 | £45 | £373 | £9,319 | 25.0 yrs | £-1,864 |
| 3 kW | 2486 kWh | 1815 kWh | 671 kWh | £492 | £67 | £559 | £11,354 | 20.3 yrs | £-170 |
| 4 kW | 3315 kWh | 2420 kWh | 895 kWh | £656 | £90 | £746 | £13,388 | 18.0 yrs | £1,523 |
| 5 kW | 4144 kWh | 3025 kWh | 1119 kWh | £820 | £112 | £932 | £15,423 | 16.5 yrs | £3,216 |
| 6 kW | 4972 kWh | 3630 kWh | 1343 kWh | £984 | £134 | £1,118 | £17,457 | 15.6 yrs | £4,909 |
| 7 kW | 5801 kWh | 4235 kWh | 1566 kWh | £1,148 | £157 | £1,305 | £19,492 | 14.9 yrs | £6,602 |
| 8 kW | 6630 kWh | 4840 kWh | 1790 kWh | £1,312 | £179 | £1,491 | £21,526 | 14.4 yrs | £8,296 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £946, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1657 kWh | 1243 kWh | 414 kWh | £337 | £41 | £378 | £11,069 | 29.2 yrs | £-3,500 |
| 3 kW | 2486 kWh | 1865 kWh | 622 kWh | £506 | £62 | £568 | £13,104 | 23.1 yrs | £-1,750 |
| 4 kW | 3315 kWh | 2486 kWh | 829 kWh | £674 | £83 | £757 | £15,138 | 20.0 yrs | £-0 |
| 5 kW | 4144 kWh | 3108 kWh | 1036 kWh | £843 | £104 | £946 | £17,173 | 18.2 yrs | £1,750 |
| 6 kW | 4972 kWh | 3729 kWh | 1243 kWh | £1,011 | £124 | £1,135 | £19,207 | 16.9 yrs | £3,500 |
| 7 kW | 5801 kWh | 4351 kWh | 1450 kWh | £1,180 | £145 | £1,325 | £21,242 | 16.0 yrs | £5,250 |
| 8 kW | 6630 kWh | 4972 kWh | 1657 kWh | £1,348 | £166 | £1,514 | £23,276 | 15.4 yrs | £6,999 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £960, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1657 kWh | 1276 kWh | 381 kWh | £346 | £38 | £384 | £13,519 | 35.2 yrs | £-5,837 |
| 3 kW | 2486 kWh | 1914 kWh | 572 kWh | £519 | £57 | £576 | £15,554 | 27.0 yrs | £-4,030 |
| 4 kW | 3315 kWh | 2553 kWh | 762 kWh | £692 | £76 | £768 | £17,588 | 22.9 yrs | £-2,223 |
| 5 kW | 4144 kWh | 3191 kWh | 953 kWh | £865 | £95 | £960 | £19,623 | 20.4 yrs | £-417 |
| 6 kW | 4972 kWh | 3829 kWh | 1144 kWh | £1,038 | £114 | £1,152 | £21,657 | 18.8 yrs | £1,390 |
| 7 kW | 5801 kWh | 4467 kWh | 1334 kWh | £1,211 | £133 | £1,344 | £23,692 | 17.6 yrs | £3,197 |
| 8 kW | 6630 kWh | 5105 kWh | 1525 kWh | £1,384 | £152 | £1,536 | £25,726 | 16.7 yrs | £5,003 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.