A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 954 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £798, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1908 kWh | 763 kWh | 1145 kWh | £205 | £114 | £319 | £4,069 | 12.7 yrs | £2,316 |
| 3 kW | 2862 kWh | 1145 kWh | 1717 kWh | £307 | £172 | £479 | £6,104 | 12.7 yrs | £3,474 |
| 4 kW | 3816 kWh | 1526 kWh | 2290 kWh | £410 | £229 | £639 | £8,138 | 12.7 yrs | £4,633 |
| 5 kW | 4770 kWh | 1908 kWh | 2862 kWh | £512 | £286 | £798 | £10,173 | 12.7 yrs | £5,791 |
| 6 kW | 5724 kWh | 2290 kWh | 3435 kWh | £614 | £343 | £958 | £12,207 | 12.7 yrs | £6,949 |
| 7 kW | 6678 kWh | 2671 kWh | 4007 kWh | £717 | £401 | £1,117 | £14,242 | 12.7 yrs | £8,107 |
| 8 kW | 7632 kWh | 3053 kWh | 4579 kWh | £819 | £458 | £1,277 | £16,276 | 12.7 yrs | £9,265 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £959, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1908 kWh | 1145 kWh | 763 kWh | £307 | £76 | £383 | £6,169 | 16.1 yrs | £1,501 |
| 3 kW | 2862 kWh | 1717 kWh | 1145 kWh | £461 | £114 | £575 | £8,204 | 14.3 yrs | £3,301 |
| 4 kW | 3816 kWh | 2290 kWh | 1526 kWh | £614 | £153 | £767 | £10,238 | 13.3 yrs | £5,102 |
| 5 kW | 4770 kWh | 2862 kWh | 1908 kWh | £768 | £191 | £959 | £12,273 | 12.8 yrs | £6,902 |
| 6 kW | 5724 kWh | 3435 kWh | 2290 kWh | £922 | £229 | £1,150 | £14,307 | 12.4 yrs | £8,703 |
| 7 kW | 6678 kWh | 4007 kWh | 2671 kWh | £1,075 | £267 | £1,342 | £16,342 | 12.2 yrs | £10,503 |
| 8 kW | 7632 kWh | 4579 kWh | 3053 kWh | £1,229 | £305 | £1,534 | £18,376 | 12.0 yrs | £12,303 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,039, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1908 kWh | 1336 kWh | 572 kWh | £358 | £57 | £416 | £7,569 | 18.2 yrs | £743 |
| 3 kW | 2862 kWh | 2004 kWh | 859 kWh | £538 | £86 | £623 | £9,604 | 15.4 yrs | £2,865 |
| 4 kW | 3816 kWh | 2671 kWh | 1145 kWh | £717 | £114 | £831 | £11,638 | 14.0 yrs | £4,986 |
| 5 kW | 4770 kWh | 3339 kWh | 1431 kWh | £896 | £143 | £1,039 | £13,673 | 13.2 yrs | £7,108 |
| 6 kW | 5724 kWh | 4007 kWh | 1717 kWh | £1,075 | £172 | £1,247 | £15,707 | 12.6 yrs | £9,229 |
| 7 kW | 6678 kWh | 4675 kWh | 2004 kWh | £1,254 | £200 | £1,455 | £17,742 | 12.2 yrs | £11,351 |
| 8 kW | 7632 kWh | 5343 kWh | 2290 kWh | £1,433 | £229 | £1,662 | £19,776 | 11.9 yrs | £13,473 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,063, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1908 kWh | 1393 kWh | 515 kWh | £374 | £52 | £425 | £9,319 | 21.9 yrs | £-814 |
| 3 kW | 2862 kWh | 2089 kWh | 773 kWh | £561 | £77 | £638 | £11,354 | 17.8 yrs | £1,404 |
| 4 kW | 3816 kWh | 2786 kWh | 1030 kWh | £747 | £103 | £850 | £13,388 | 15.7 yrs | £3,622 |
| 5 kW | 4770 kWh | 3482 kWh | 1288 kWh | £934 | £129 | £1,063 | £15,423 | 14.5 yrs | £5,840 |
| 6 kW | 5724 kWh | 4179 kWh | 1546 kWh | £1,121 | £155 | £1,276 | £17,457 | 13.7 yrs | £8,057 |
| 7 kW | 6678 kWh | 4875 kWh | 1803 kWh | £1,308 | £180 | £1,488 | £19,492 | 13.1 yrs | £10,275 |
| 8 kW | 7632 kWh | 5572 kWh | 2061 kWh | £1,495 | £206 | £1,701 | £21,526 | 12.7 yrs | £12,493 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,079, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1908 kWh | 1431 kWh | 477 kWh | £384 | £48 | £432 | £11,069 | 25.6 yrs | £-2,436 |
| 3 kW | 2862 kWh | 2147 kWh | 716 kWh | £576 | £72 | £647 | £13,104 | 20.2 yrs | £-154 |
| 4 kW | 3816 kWh | 2862 kWh | 954 kWh | £768 | £95 | £863 | £15,138 | 17.5 yrs | £2,129 |
| 5 kW | 4770 kWh | 3578 kWh | 1193 kWh | £960 | £119 | £1,079 | £17,173 | 15.9 yrs | £4,411 |
| 6 kW | 5724 kWh | 4293 kWh | 1431 kWh | £1,152 | £143 | £1,295 | £19,207 | 14.8 yrs | £6,693 |
| 7 kW | 6678 kWh | 5009 kWh | 1670 kWh | £1,344 | £167 | £1,511 | £21,242 | 14.1 yrs | £8,975 |
| 8 kW | 7632 kWh | 5724 kWh | 1908 kWh | £1,536 | £191 | £1,727 | £23,276 | 13.5 yrs | £11,257 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,095, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1908 kWh | 1469 kWh | 439 kWh | £394 | £44 | £438 | £13,519 | 30.9 yrs | £-4,757 |
| 3 kW | 2862 kWh | 2204 kWh | 658 kWh | £591 | £66 | £657 | £15,554 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,411 |
| 4 kW | 3816 kWh | 2939 kWh | 878 kWh | £788 | £88 | £876 | £17,588 | 20.1 yrs | £-65 |
| 5 kW | 4770 kWh | 3673 kWh | 1097 kWh | £986 | £110 | £1,095 | £19,623 | 17.9 yrs | £2,282 |
| 6 kW | 5724 kWh | 4408 kWh | 1317 kWh | £1,183 | £132 | £1,314 | £21,657 | 16.5 yrs | £4,628 |
| 7 kW | 6678 kWh | 5142 kWh | 1536 kWh | £1,380 | £154 | £1,533 | £23,692 | 15.5 yrs | £6,975 |
| 8 kW | 7632 kWh | 5877 kWh | 1755 kWh | £1,577 | £176 | £1,752 | £25,726 | 14.7 yrs | £9,321 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.