A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 933 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £780, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1866 kWh | 746 kWh | 1120 kWh | £200 | £112 | £312 | £4,069 | 13.0 yrs | £2,175 |
| 3 kW | 2799 kWh | 1120 kWh | 1679 kWh | £300 | £168 | £468 | £6,104 | 13.0 yrs | £3,262 |
| 4 kW | 3732 kWh | 1493 kWh | 2239 kWh | £400 | £224 | £624 | £8,138 | 13.0 yrs | £4,350 |
| 5 kW | 4665 kWh | 1866 kWh | 2799 kWh | £501 | £280 | £780 | £10,173 | 13.0 yrs | £5,437 |
| 6 kW | 5598 kWh | 2239 kWh | 3359 kWh | £601 | £336 | £937 | £12,207 | 13.0 yrs | £6,524 |
| 7 kW | 6530 kWh | 2612 kWh | 3918 kWh | £701 | £392 | £1,093 | £14,242 | 13.0 yrs | £7,612 |
| 8 kW | 7463 kWh | 2985 kWh | 4478 kWh | £801 | £448 | £1,249 | £16,276 | 13.0 yrs | £8,699 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £937, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1866 kWh | 1120 kWh | 746 kWh | £300 | £75 | £375 | £6,169 | 16.5 yrs | £1,331 |
| 3 kW | 2799 kWh | 1679 kWh | 1120 kWh | £451 | £112 | £562 | £8,204 | 14.6 yrs | £3,046 |
| 4 kW | 3732 kWh | 2239 kWh | 1493 kWh | £601 | £149 | £750 | £10,238 | 13.7 yrs | £4,762 |
| 5 kW | 4665 kWh | 2799 kWh | 1866 kWh | £751 | £187 | £937 | £12,273 | 13.1 yrs | £6,477 |
| 6 kW | 5598 kWh | 3359 kWh | 2239 kWh | £901 | £224 | £1,125 | £14,307 | 12.7 yrs | £8,193 |
| 7 kW | 6530 kWh | 3918 kWh | 2612 kWh | £1,051 | £261 | £1,312 | £16,342 | 12.5 yrs | £9,908 |
| 8 kW | 7463 kWh | 4478 kWh | 2985 kWh | £1,201 | £299 | £1,500 | £18,376 | 12.3 yrs | £11,624 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,016, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1866 kWh | 1306 kWh | 560 kWh | £350 | £56 | £406 | £7,569 | 18.6 yrs | £559 |
| 3 kW | 2799 kWh | 1959 kWh | 840 kWh | £526 | £84 | £610 | £9,604 | 15.8 yrs | £2,588 |
| 4 kW | 3732 kWh | 2612 kWh | 1120 kWh | £701 | £112 | £813 | £11,638 | 14.3 yrs | £4,618 |
| 5 kW | 4665 kWh | 3265 kWh | 1399 kWh | £876 | £140 | £1,016 | £13,673 | 13.5 yrs | £6,647 |
| 6 kW | 5598 kWh | 3918 kWh | 1679 kWh | £1,051 | £168 | £1,219 | £15,707 | 12.9 yrs | £8,677 |
| 7 kW | 6530 kWh | 4571 kWh | 1959 kWh | £1,226 | £196 | £1,422 | £17,742 | 12.5 yrs | £10,706 |
| 8 kW | 7463 kWh | 5224 kWh | 2239 kWh | £1,402 | £224 | £1,626 | £19,776 | 12.2 yrs | £12,736 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,040, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1866 kWh | 1362 kWh | 504 kWh | £365 | £50 | £416 | £9,319 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,003 |
| 3 kW | 2799 kWh | 2043 kWh | 756 kWh | £548 | £76 | £624 | £11,354 | 18.2 yrs | £1,121 |
| 4 kW | 3732 kWh | 2724 kWh | 1008 kWh | £731 | £101 | £832 | £13,388 | 16.1 yrs | £3,245 |
| 5 kW | 4665 kWh | 3405 kWh | 1259 kWh | £914 | £126 | £1,040 | £15,423 | 14.8 yrs | £5,368 |
| 6 kW | 5598 kWh | 4086 kWh | 1511 kWh | £1,096 | £151 | £1,247 | £17,457 | 14.0 yrs | £7,492 |
| 7 kW | 6530 kWh | 4767 kWh | 1763 kWh | £1,279 | £176 | £1,455 | £19,492 | 13.4 yrs | £9,616 |
| 8 kW | 7463 kWh | 5448 kWh | 2015 kWh | £1,462 | £202 | £1,663 | £21,526 | 12.9 yrs | £11,739 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,055, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1866 kWh | 1399 kWh | 466 kWh | £375 | £47 | £422 | £11,069 | 26.2 yrs | £-2,627 |
| 3 kW | 2799 kWh | 2099 kWh | 700 kWh | £563 | £70 | £633 | £13,104 | 20.7 yrs | £-441 |
| 4 kW | 3732 kWh | 2799 kWh | 933 kWh | £751 | £93 | £844 | £15,138 | 17.9 yrs | £1,746 |
| 5 kW | 4665 kWh | 3498 kWh | 1166 kWh | £939 | £117 | £1,055 | £17,173 | 16.3 yrs | £3,932 |
| 6 kW | 5598 kWh | 4198 kWh | 1399 kWh | £1,126 | £140 | £1,266 | £19,207 | 15.2 yrs | £6,119 |
| 7 kW | 6530 kWh | 4898 kWh | 1633 kWh | £1,314 | £163 | £1,477 | £21,242 | 14.4 yrs | £8,305 |
| 8 kW | 7463 kWh | 5598 kWh | 1866 kWh | £1,502 | £187 | £1,688 | £23,276 | 13.8 yrs | £10,492 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,071, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1866 kWh | 1437 kWh | 429 kWh | £385 | £43 | £428 | £13,519 | 31.6 yrs | £-4,951 |
| 3 kW | 2799 kWh | 2155 kWh | 644 kWh | £578 | £64 | £643 | £15,554 | 24.2 yrs | £-2,702 |
| 4 kW | 3732 kWh | 2873 kWh | 858 kWh | £771 | £86 | £857 | £17,588 | 20.5 yrs | £-453 |
| 5 kW | 4665 kWh | 3592 kWh | 1073 kWh | £964 | £107 | £1,071 | £19,623 | 18.3 yrs | £1,796 |
| 6 kW | 5598 kWh | 4310 kWh | 1287 kWh | £1,156 | £129 | £1,285 | £21,657 | 16.9 yrs | £4,046 |
| 7 kW | 6530 kWh | 5028 kWh | 1502 kWh | £1,349 | £150 | £1,499 | £23,692 | 15.8 yrs | £6,295 |
| 8 kW | 7463 kWh | 5747 kWh | 1717 kWh | £1,542 | £172 | £1,714 | £25,726 | 15.0 yrs | £8,544 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.