A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 926 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £775, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1852 kWh | 741 kWh | 1111 kWh | £199 | £111 | £310 | £4,069 | 13.1 yrs | £2,129 |
| 3 kW | 2778 kWh | 1111 kWh | 1667 kWh | £298 | £167 | £465 | £6,104 | 13.1 yrs | £3,194 |
| 4 kW | 3704 kWh | 1482 kWh | 2223 kWh | £398 | £222 | £620 | £8,138 | 13.1 yrs | £4,259 |
| 5 kW | 4631 kWh | 1852 kWh | 2778 kWh | £497 | £278 | £775 | £10,173 | 13.1 yrs | £5,323 |
| 6 kW | 5557 kWh | 2223 kWh | 3334 kWh | £596 | £333 | £930 | £12,207 | 13.1 yrs | £6,388 |
| 7 kW | 6483 kWh | 2593 kWh | 3890 kWh | £696 | £389 | £1,085 | £14,242 | 13.1 yrs | £7,453 |
| 8 kW | 7409 kWh | 2964 kWh | 4445 kWh | £795 | £445 | £1,240 | £16,276 | 13.1 yrs | £8,517 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £931, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1852 kWh | 1111 kWh | 741 kWh | £298 | £74 | £372 | £6,169 | 16.6 yrs | £1,276 |
| 3 kW | 2778 kWh | 1667 kWh | 1111 kWh | £447 | £111 | £558 | £8,204 | 14.7 yrs | £2,964 |
| 4 kW | 3704 kWh | 2223 kWh | 1482 kWh | £596 | £148 | £745 | £10,238 | 13.8 yrs | £4,652 |
| 5 kW | 4631 kWh | 2778 kWh | 1852 kWh | £745 | £185 | £931 | £12,273 | 13.2 yrs | £6,341 |
| 6 kW | 5557 kWh | 3334 kWh | 2223 kWh | £895 | £222 | £1,117 | £14,307 | 12.8 yrs | £8,029 |
| 7 kW | 6483 kWh | 3890 kWh | 2593 kWh | £1,044 | £259 | £1,303 | £16,342 | 12.5 yrs | £9,717 |
| 8 kW | 7409 kWh | 4445 kWh | 2964 kWh | £1,193 | £296 | £1,489 | £18,376 | 12.3 yrs | £11,405 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,009, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1852 kWh | 1297 kWh | 556 kWh | £348 | £56 | £403 | £7,569 | 18.8 yrs | £500 |
| 3 kW | 2778 kWh | 1945 kWh | 834 kWh | £522 | £83 | £605 | £9,604 | 15.9 yrs | £2,500 |
| 4 kW | 3704 kWh | 2593 kWh | 1111 kWh | £696 | £111 | £807 | £11,638 | 14.4 yrs | £4,499 |
| 5 kW | 4631 kWh | 3241 kWh | 1389 kWh | £870 | £139 | £1,009 | £13,673 | 13.6 yrs | £6,499 |
| 6 kW | 5557 kWh | 3890 kWh | 1667 kWh | £1,044 | £167 | £1,210 | £15,707 | 13.0 yrs | £8,499 |
| 7 kW | 6483 kWh | 4538 kWh | 1945 kWh | £1,218 | £194 | £1,412 | £17,742 | 12.6 yrs | £10,499 |
| 8 kW | 7409 kWh | 5186 kWh | 2223 kWh | £1,391 | £222 | £1,614 | £19,776 | 12.3 yrs | £12,499 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,032, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1852 kWh | 1352 kWh | 500 kWh | £363 | £50 | £413 | £9,319 | 22.6 yrs | £-1,063 |
| 3 kW | 2778 kWh | 2028 kWh | 750 kWh | £544 | £75 | £619 | £11,354 | 18.3 yrs | £1,030 |
| 4 kW | 3704 kWh | 2704 kWh | 1000 kWh | £726 | £100 | £826 | £13,388 | 16.2 yrs | £3,123 |
| 5 kW | 4631 kWh | 3380 kWh | 1250 kWh | £907 | £125 | £1,032 | £15,423 | 14.9 yrs | £5,217 |
| 6 kW | 5557 kWh | 4056 kWh | 1500 kWh | £1,088 | £150 | £1,238 | £17,457 | 14.1 yrs | £7,310 |
| 7 kW | 6483 kWh | 4732 kWh | 1750 kWh | £1,270 | £175 | £1,445 | £19,492 | 13.5 yrs | £9,404 |
| 8 kW | 7409 kWh | 5409 kWh | 2000 kWh | £1,451 | £200 | £1,651 | £21,526 | 13.0 yrs | £11,497 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,048, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1852 kWh | 1389 kWh | 463 kWh | £373 | £46 | £419 | £11,069 | 26.4 yrs | £-2,689 |
| 3 kW | 2778 kWh | 2084 kWh | 695 kWh | £559 | £69 | £629 | £13,104 | 20.8 yrs | £-533 |
| 4 kW | 3704 kWh | 2778 kWh | 926 kWh | £745 | £93 | £838 | £15,138 | 18.1 yrs | £1,623 |
| 5 kW | 4631 kWh | 3473 kWh | 1158 kWh | £932 | £116 | £1,048 | £17,173 | 16.4 yrs | £3,779 |
| 6 kW | 5557 kWh | 4168 kWh | 1389 kWh | £1,118 | £139 | £1,257 | £19,207 | 15.3 yrs | £5,934 |
| 7 kW | 6483 kWh | 4862 kWh | 1621 kWh | £1,305 | £162 | £1,467 | £21,242 | 14.5 yrs | £8,090 |
| 8 kW | 7409 kWh | 5557 kWh | 1852 kWh | £1,491 | £185 | £1,676 | £23,276 | 13.9 yrs | £10,246 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,063, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1852 kWh | 1426 kWh | 426 kWh | £383 | £43 | £425 | £13,519 | 31.8 yrs | £-5,014 |
| 3 kW | 2778 kWh | 2139 kWh | 639 kWh | £574 | £64 | £638 | £15,554 | 24.4 yrs | £-2,796 |
| 4 kW | 3704 kWh | 2852 kWh | 852 kWh | £765 | £85 | £851 | £17,588 | 20.7 yrs | £-578 |
| 5 kW | 4631 kWh | 3566 kWh | 1065 kWh | £957 | £107 | £1,063 | £19,623 | 18.5 yrs | £1,640 |
| 6 kW | 5557 kWh | 4279 kWh | 1278 kWh | £1,148 | £128 | £1,276 | £21,657 | 17.0 yrs | £3,858 |
| 7 kW | 6483 kWh | 4992 kWh | 1491 kWh | £1,339 | £149 | £1,488 | £23,692 | 15.9 yrs | £6,076 |
| 8 kW | 7409 kWh | 5705 kWh | 1704 kWh | £1,531 | £170 | £1,701 | £25,726 | 15.1 yrs | £8,295 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.