A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 871 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.4p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £704, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1742 kWh | 697 kWh | 1045 kWh | £177 | £105 | £282 | £4,069 | 14.4 yrs | £1,565 |
| 3 kW | 2613 kWh | 1045 kWh | 1568 kWh | £266 | £157 | £423 | £6,104 | 14.4 yrs | £2,348 |
| 4 kW | 3484 kWh | 1394 kWh | 2090 kWh | £354 | £209 | £563 | £8,138 | 14.4 yrs | £3,130 |
| 5 kW | 4355 kWh | 1742 kWh | 2613 kWh | £443 | £261 | £704 | £10,173 | 14.4 yrs | £3,913 |
| 6 kW | 5226 kWh | 2090 kWh | 3136 kWh | £532 | £314 | £845 | £12,207 | 14.4 yrs | £4,696 |
| 7 kW | 6097 kWh | 2439 kWh | 3658 kWh | £620 | £366 | £986 | £14,242 | 14.4 yrs | £5,478 |
| 8 kW | 6968 kWh | 2787 kWh | 4181 kWh | £709 | £418 | £1,127 | £16,276 | 14.4 yrs | £6,261 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £839, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1742 kWh | 1045 kWh | 697 kWh | £266 | £70 | £335 | £6,169 | 18.4 yrs | £540 |
| 3 kW | 2613 kWh | 1568 kWh | 1045 kWh | £399 | £105 | £503 | £8,204 | 16.3 yrs | £1,860 |
| 4 kW | 3484 kWh | 2090 kWh | 1394 kWh | £532 | £139 | £671 | £10,238 | 15.3 yrs | £3,181 |
| 5 kW | 4355 kWh | 2613 kWh | 1742 kWh | £664 | £174 | £839 | £12,273 | 14.6 yrs | £4,501 |
| 6 kW | 5226 kWh | 3136 kWh | 2090 kWh | £797 | £209 | £1,006 | £14,307 | 14.2 yrs | £5,821 |
| 7 kW | 6097 kWh | 3658 kWh | 2439 kWh | £930 | £244 | £1,174 | £16,342 | 13.9 yrs | £7,141 |
| 8 kW | 6968 kWh | 4181 kWh | 2787 kWh | £1,063 | £279 | £1,342 | £18,376 | 13.7 yrs | £8,461 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £906, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1742 kWh | 1219 kWh | 523 kWh | £310 | £52 | £362 | £7,569 | 20.9 yrs | £-322 |
| 3 kW | 2613 kWh | 1829 kWh | 784 kWh | £465 | £78 | £544 | £9,604 | 17.7 yrs | £1,267 |
| 4 kW | 3484 kWh | 2439 kWh | 1045 kWh | £620 | £105 | £725 | £11,638 | 16.1 yrs | £2,856 |
| 5 kW | 4355 kWh | 3048 kWh | 1306 kWh | £775 | £131 | £906 | £13,673 | 15.1 yrs | £4,445 |
| 6 kW | 5226 kWh | 3658 kWh | 1568 kWh | £930 | £157 | £1,087 | £15,707 | 14.4 yrs | £6,034 |
| 7 kW | 6097 kWh | 4268 kWh | 1829 kWh | £1,085 | £183 | £1,268 | £17,742 | 14.0 yrs | £7,623 |
| 8 kW | 6968 kWh | 4877 kWh | 2090 kWh | £1,240 | £209 | £1,449 | £19,776 | 13.6 yrs | £9,212 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £926, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1742 kWh | 1272 kWh | 470 kWh | £323 | £47 | £370 | £9,319 | 25.2 yrs | £-1,911 |
| 3 kW | 2613 kWh | 1907 kWh | 705 kWh | £485 | £71 | £556 | £11,354 | 20.4 yrs | £-241 |
| 4 kW | 3484 kWh | 2543 kWh | 941 kWh | £647 | £94 | £741 | £13,388 | 18.1 yrs | £1,428 |
| 5 kW | 4355 kWh | 3179 kWh | 1176 kWh | £808 | £118 | £926 | £15,423 | 16.7 yrs | £3,098 |
| 6 kW | 5226 kWh | 3815 kWh | 1411 kWh | £970 | £141 | £1,111 | £17,457 | 15.7 yrs | £4,767 |
| 7 kW | 6097 kWh | 4451 kWh | 1646 kWh | £1,132 | £165 | £1,296 | £19,492 | 15.0 yrs | £6,437 |
| 8 kW | 6968 kWh | 5087 kWh | 1881 kWh | £1,294 | £188 | £1,482 | £21,526 | 14.5 yrs | £8,107 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £939, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1742 kWh | 1306 kWh | 435 kWh | £332 | £44 | £376 | £11,069 | 29.5 yrs | £-3,553 |
| 3 kW | 2613 kWh | 1960 kWh | 653 kWh | £498 | £65 | £564 | £13,104 | 23.2 yrs | £-1,830 |
| 4 kW | 3484 kWh | 2613 kWh | 871 kWh | £664 | £87 | £752 | £15,138 | 20.1 yrs | £-107 |
| 5 kW | 4355 kWh | 3266 kWh | 1089 kWh | £831 | £109 | £939 | £17,173 | 18.3 yrs | £1,617 |
| 6 kW | 5226 kWh | 3919 kWh | 1306 kWh | £997 | £131 | £1,127 | £19,207 | 17.0 yrs | £3,340 |
| 7 kW | 6097 kWh | 4573 kWh | 1524 kWh | £1,163 | £152 | £1,315 | £21,242 | 16.2 yrs | £5,063 |
| 8 kW | 6968 kWh | 5226 kWh | 1742 kWh | £1,329 | £174 | £1,503 | £23,276 | 15.5 yrs | £6,787 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £953, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1742 kWh | 1341 kWh | 401 kWh | £341 | £40 | £381 | £13,519 | 35.5 yrs | £-5,896 |
| 3 kW | 2613 kWh | 2012 kWh | 601 kWh | £512 | £60 | £572 | £15,554 | 27.2 yrs | £-4,119 |
| 4 kW | 3484 kWh | 2683 kWh | 801 kWh | £682 | £80 | £762 | £17,588 | 23.1 yrs | £-2,342 |
| 5 kW | 4355 kWh | 3353 kWh | 1002 kWh | £853 | £100 | £953 | £19,623 | 20.6 yrs | £-565 |
| 6 kW | 5226 kWh | 4024 kWh | 1202 kWh | £1,023 | £120 | £1,143 | £21,657 | 18.9 yrs | £1,213 |
| 7 kW | 6097 kWh | 4695 kWh | 1402 kWh | £1,194 | £140 | £1,334 | £23,692 | 17.8 yrs | £2,990 |
| 8 kW | 6968 kWh | 5365 kWh | 1603 kWh | £1,364 | £160 | £1,525 | £25,726 | 16.9 yrs | £4,767 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.