A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 919 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.4p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £743, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1838 kWh | 735 kWh | 1103 kWh | £187 | £110 | £297 | £4,069 | 13.7 yrs | £1,877 |
| 3 kW | 2758 kWh | 1103 kWh | 1655 kWh | £281 | £165 | £446 | £6,104 | 13.7 yrs | £2,816 |
| 4 kW | 3677 kWh | 1471 kWh | 2206 kWh | £374 | £221 | £595 | £8,138 | 13.7 yrs | £3,755 |
| 5 kW | 4596 kWh | 1838 kWh | 2758 kWh | £468 | £276 | £743 | £10,173 | 13.7 yrs | £4,694 |
| 6 kW | 5516 kWh | 2206 kWh | 3309 kWh | £561 | £331 | £892 | £12,207 | 13.7 yrs | £5,632 |
| 7 kW | 6435 kWh | 2574 kWh | 3861 kWh | £655 | £386 | £1,041 | £14,242 | 13.7 yrs | £6,571 |
| 8 kW | 7354 kWh | 2942 kWh | 4412 kWh | £748 | £441 | £1,189 | £16,276 | 13.7 yrs | £7,510 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £885, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1838 kWh | 1103 kWh | 735 kWh | £281 | £74 | £354 | £6,169 | 17.4 yrs | £912 |
| 3 kW | 2758 kWh | 1655 kWh | 1103 kWh | £421 | £110 | £531 | £8,204 | 15.4 yrs | £2,418 |
| 4 kW | 3677 kWh | 2206 kWh | 1471 kWh | £561 | £147 | £708 | £10,238 | 14.5 yrs | £3,924 |
| 5 kW | 4596 kWh | 2758 kWh | 1838 kWh | £701 | £184 | £885 | £12,273 | 13.9 yrs | £5,430 |
| 6 kW | 5516 kWh | 3309 kWh | 2206 kWh | £842 | £221 | £1,062 | £14,307 | 13.5 yrs | £6,936 |
| 7 kW | 6435 kWh | 3861 kWh | 2574 kWh | £982 | £257 | £1,239 | £16,342 | 13.2 yrs | £8,443 |
| 8 kW | 7354 kWh | 4412 kWh | 2942 kWh | £1,122 | £294 | £1,416 | £18,376 | 13.0 yrs | £9,949 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £956, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1838 kWh | 1287 kWh | 552 kWh | £327 | £55 | £382 | £7,569 | 19.8 yrs | £80 |
| 3 kW | 2758 kWh | 1930 kWh | 827 kWh | £491 | £83 | £574 | £9,604 | 16.7 yrs | £1,869 |
| 4 kW | 3677 kWh | 2574 kWh | 1103 kWh | £655 | £110 | £765 | £11,638 | 15.2 yrs | £3,659 |
| 5 kW | 4596 kWh | 3217 kWh | 1379 kWh | £818 | £138 | £956 | £13,673 | 14.3 yrs | £5,449 |
| 6 kW | 5516 kWh | 3861 kWh | 1655 kWh | £982 | £165 | £1,147 | £15,707 | 13.7 yrs | £7,239 |
| 7 kW | 6435 kWh | 4504 kWh | 1930 kWh | £1,145 | £193 | £1,338 | £17,742 | 13.3 yrs | £9,028 |
| 8 kW | 7354 kWh | 5148 kWh | 2206 kWh | £1,309 | £221 | £1,530 | £19,776 | 12.9 yrs | £10,818 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £977, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1838 kWh | 1342 kWh | 496 kWh | £341 | £50 | £391 | £9,319 | 23.8 yrs | £-1,500 |
| 3 kW | 2758 kWh | 2013 kWh | 745 kWh | £512 | £74 | £586 | £11,354 | 19.4 yrs | £375 |
| 4 kW | 3677 kWh | 2684 kWh | 993 kWh | £683 | £99 | £782 | £13,388 | 17.1 yrs | £2,249 |
| 5 kW | 4596 kWh | 3355 kWh | 1241 kWh | £853 | £124 | £977 | £15,423 | 15.8 yrs | £4,124 |
| 6 kW | 5516 kWh | 4026 kWh | 1489 kWh | £1,024 | £149 | £1,173 | £17,457 | 14.9 yrs | £5,999 |
| 7 kW | 6435 kWh | 4697 kWh | 1737 kWh | £1,195 | £174 | £1,368 | £19,492 | 14.2 yrs | £7,874 |
| 8 kW | 7354 kWh | 5368 kWh | 1986 kWh | £1,365 | £199 | £1,564 | £21,526 | 13.8 yrs | £9,749 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £992, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1838 kWh | 1379 kWh | 460 kWh | £351 | £46 | £397 | £11,069 | 27.9 yrs | £-3,137 |
| 3 kW | 2758 kWh | 2068 kWh | 689 kWh | £526 | £69 | £595 | £13,104 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,205 |
| 4 kW | 3677 kWh | 2758 kWh | 919 kWh | £701 | £92 | £793 | £15,138 | 19.1 yrs | £726 |
| 5 kW | 4596 kWh | 3447 kWh | 1149 kWh | £877 | £115 | £992 | £17,173 | 17.3 yrs | £2,658 |
| 6 kW | 5516 kWh | 4137 kWh | 1379 kWh | £1,052 | £138 | £1,190 | £19,207 | 16.1 yrs | £4,590 |
| 7 kW | 6435 kWh | 4826 kWh | 1609 kWh | £1,227 | £161 | £1,388 | £21,242 | 15.3 yrs | £6,521 |
| 8 kW | 7354 kWh | 5516 kWh | 1838 kWh | £1,403 | £184 | £1,586 | £23,276 | 14.7 yrs | £8,453 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,006, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1838 kWh | 1416 kWh | 423 kWh | £360 | £42 | £402 | £13,519 | 33.6 yrs | £-5,473 |
| 3 kW | 2758 kWh | 2123 kWh | 634 kWh | £540 | £63 | £603 | £15,554 | 25.8 yrs | £-3,485 |
| 4 kW | 3677 kWh | 2831 kWh | 846 kWh | £720 | £85 | £805 | £17,588 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,497 |
| 5 kW | 4596 kWh | 3539 kWh | 1057 kWh | £900 | £106 | £1,006 | £19,623 | 19.5 yrs | £492 |
| 6 kW | 5516 kWh | 4247 kWh | 1269 kWh | £1,080 | £127 | £1,207 | £21,657 | 17.9 yrs | £2,480 |
| 7 kW | 6435 kWh | 4955 kWh | 1480 kWh | £1,260 | £148 | £1,408 | £23,692 | 16.8 yrs | £4,468 |
| 8 kW | 7354 kWh | 5663 kWh | 1691 kWh | £1,440 | £169 | £1,609 | £25,726 | 16.0 yrs | £6,457 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.