A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 882 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £743, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1764 kWh | 706 kWh | 1058 kWh | £191 | £106 | £297 | £4,069 | 13.7 yrs | £1,873 |
| 3 kW | 2646 kWh | 1058 kWh | 1588 kWh | £287 | £159 | £446 | £6,104 | 13.7 yrs | £2,810 |
| 4 kW | 3528 kWh | 1411 kWh | 2117 kWh | £383 | £212 | £594 | £8,138 | 13.7 yrs | £3,747 |
| 5 kW | 4410 kWh | 1764 kWh | 2646 kWh | £478 | £265 | £743 | £10,173 | 13.7 yrs | £4,684 |
| 6 kW | 5292 kWh | 2117 kWh | 3175 kWh | £574 | £318 | £891 | £12,207 | 13.7 yrs | £5,620 |
| 7 kW | 6174 kWh | 2470 kWh | 3704 kWh | £670 | £370 | £1,040 | £14,242 | 13.7 yrs | £6,557 |
| 8 kW | 7056 kWh | 2822 kWh | 4234 kWh | £765 | £423 | £1,188 | £16,276 | 13.7 yrs | £7,494 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £894, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1764 kWh | 1058 kWh | 706 kWh | £287 | £71 | £357 | £6,169 | 17.3 yrs | £981 |
| 3 kW | 2646 kWh | 1588 kWh | 1058 kWh | £430 | £106 | £536 | £8,204 | 15.3 yrs | £2,521 |
| 4 kW | 3528 kWh | 2117 kWh | 1411 kWh | £574 | £141 | £715 | £10,238 | 14.3 yrs | £4,061 |
| 5 kW | 4410 kWh | 2646 kWh | 1764 kWh | £717 | £176 | £894 | £12,273 | 13.7 yrs | £5,602 |
| 6 kW | 5292 kWh | 3175 kWh | 2117 kWh | £861 | £212 | £1,072 | £14,307 | 13.3 yrs | £7,142 |
| 7 kW | 6174 kWh | 3704 kWh | 2470 kWh | £1,004 | £247 | £1,251 | £16,342 | 13.1 yrs | £8,683 |
| 8 kW | 7056 kWh | 4234 kWh | 2822 kWh | £1,148 | £282 | £1,430 | £18,376 | 12.9 yrs | £10,223 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £969, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1764 kWh | 1235 kWh | 529 kWh | £335 | £53 | £388 | £7,569 | 19.5 yrs | £184 |
| 3 kW | 2646 kWh | 1852 kWh | 794 kWh | £502 | £79 | £582 | £9,604 | 16.5 yrs | £2,027 |
| 4 kW | 3528 kWh | 2470 kWh | 1058 kWh | £670 | £106 | £775 | £11,638 | 15.0 yrs | £3,869 |
| 5 kW | 4410 kWh | 3087 kWh | 1323 kWh | £837 | £132 | £969 | £13,673 | 14.1 yrs | £5,711 |
| 6 kW | 5292 kWh | 3704 kWh | 1588 kWh | £1,004 | £159 | £1,163 | £15,707 | 13.5 yrs | £7,553 |
| 7 kW | 6174 kWh | 4322 kWh | 1852 kWh | £1,172 | £185 | £1,357 | £17,742 | 13.1 yrs | £9,395 |
| 8 kW | 7056 kWh | 4939 kWh | 2117 kWh | £1,339 | £212 | £1,551 | £19,776 | 12.8 yrs | £11,238 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £992, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1764 kWh | 1288 kWh | 476 kWh | £349 | £48 | £397 | £9,319 | 23.5 yrs | £-1,385 |
| 3 kW | 2646 kWh | 1932 kWh | 714 kWh | £524 | £71 | £595 | £11,354 | 19.1 yrs | £548 |
| 4 kW | 3528 kWh | 2575 kWh | 953 kWh | £698 | £95 | £793 | £13,388 | 16.9 yrs | £2,481 |
| 5 kW | 4410 kWh | 3219 kWh | 1191 kWh | £873 | £119 | £992 | £15,423 | 15.5 yrs | £4,414 |
| 6 kW | 5292 kWh | 3863 kWh | 1429 kWh | £1,047 | £143 | £1,190 | £17,457 | 14.7 yrs | £6,346 |
| 7 kW | 6174 kWh | 4507 kWh | 1667 kWh | £1,222 | £167 | £1,389 | £19,492 | 14.0 yrs | £8,279 |
| 8 kW | 7056 kWh | 5151 kWh | 1905 kWh | £1,396 | £191 | £1,587 | £21,526 | 13.6 yrs | £10,212 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,007, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1764 kWh | 1323 kWh | 441 kWh | £359 | £44 | £403 | £11,069 | 27.5 yrs | £-3,014 |
| 3 kW | 2646 kWh | 1984 kWh | 661 kWh | £538 | £66 | £604 | £13,104 | 21.7 yrs | £-1,021 |
| 4 kW | 3528 kWh | 2646 kWh | 882 kWh | £717 | £88 | £806 | £15,138 | 18.8 yrs | £972 |
| 5 kW | 4410 kWh | 3307 kWh | 1102 kWh | £897 | £110 | £1,007 | £17,173 | 17.1 yrs | £2,965 |
| 6 kW | 5292 kWh | 3969 kWh | 1323 kWh | £1,076 | £132 | £1,208 | £19,207 | 15.9 yrs | £4,959 |
| 7 kW | 6174 kWh | 4630 kWh | 1543 kWh | £1,255 | £154 | £1,410 | £21,242 | 15.1 yrs | £6,952 |
| 8 kW | 7056 kWh | 5292 kWh | 1764 kWh | £1,435 | £176 | £1,611 | £23,276 | 14.4 yrs | £8,945 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,022, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1764 kWh | 1358 kWh | 406 kWh | £368 | £41 | £409 | £13,519 | 33.1 yrs | £-5,343 |
| 3 kW | 2646 kWh | 2037 kWh | 609 kWh | £552 | £61 | £613 | £15,554 | 25.4 yrs | £-3,290 |
| 4 kW | 3528 kWh | 2717 kWh | 811 kWh | £736 | £81 | £818 | £17,588 | 21.5 yrs | £-1,236 |
| 5 kW | 4410 kWh | 3396 kWh | 1014 kWh | £921 | £101 | £1,022 | £19,623 | 19.2 yrs | £817 |
| 6 kW | 5292 kWh | 4075 kWh | 1217 kWh | £1,105 | £122 | £1,226 | £21,657 | 17.7 yrs | £2,871 |
| 7 kW | 6174 kWh | 4754 kWh | 1420 kWh | £1,289 | £142 | £1,431 | £23,692 | 16.6 yrs | £4,924 |
| 8 kW | 7056 kWh | 5433 kWh | 1623 kWh | £1,473 | £162 | £1,635 | £25,726 | 15.7 yrs | £6,978 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.