A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 868 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £731, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1735 kWh | 694 kWh | 1041 kWh | £188 | £104 | £292 | £4,069 | 13.9 yrs | £1,777 |
| 3 kW | 2603 kWh | 1041 kWh | 1562 kWh | £282 | £156 | £438 | £6,104 | 13.9 yrs | £2,665 |
| 4 kW | 3470 kWh | 1388 kWh | 2082 kWh | £376 | £208 | £585 | £8,138 | 13.9 yrs | £3,553 |
| 5 kW | 4338 kWh | 1735 kWh | 2603 kWh | £470 | £260 | £731 | £10,173 | 13.9 yrs | £4,442 |
| 6 kW | 5206 kWh | 2082 kWh | 3123 kWh | £565 | £312 | £877 | £12,207 | 13.9 yrs | £5,330 |
| 7 kW | 6073 kWh | 2429 kWh | 3644 kWh | £659 | £364 | £1,023 | £14,242 | 13.9 yrs | £6,218 |
| 8 kW | 6941 kWh | 2776 kWh | 4165 kWh | £753 | £416 | £1,169 | £16,276 | 13.9 yrs | £7,107 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £879, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1735 kWh | 1041 kWh | 694 kWh | £282 | £69 | £352 | £6,169 | 17.5 yrs | £864 |
| 3 kW | 2603 kWh | 1562 kWh | 1041 kWh | £423 | £104 | £527 | £8,204 | 15.6 yrs | £2,346 |
| 4 kW | 3470 kWh | 2082 kWh | 1388 kWh | £565 | £139 | £703 | £10,238 | 14.6 yrs | £3,829 |
| 5 kW | 4338 kWh | 2603 kWh | 1735 kWh | £706 | £174 | £879 | £12,273 | 14.0 yrs | £5,311 |
| 6 kW | 5206 kWh | 3123 kWh | 2082 kWh | £847 | £208 | £1,055 | £14,307 | 13.6 yrs | £6,793 |
| 7 kW | 6073 kWh | 3644 kWh | 2429 kWh | £988 | £243 | £1,231 | £16,342 | 13.3 yrs | £8,275 |
| 8 kW | 6941 kWh | 4165 kWh | 2776 kWh | £1,129 | £278 | £1,407 | £18,376 | 13.1 yrs | £9,757 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £953, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1735 kWh | 1215 kWh | 521 kWh | £329 | £52 | £381 | £7,569 | 19.8 yrs | £58 |
| 3 kW | 2603 kWh | 1822 kWh | 781 kWh | £494 | £78 | £572 | £9,604 | 16.8 yrs | £1,837 |
| 4 kW | 3470 kWh | 2429 kWh | 1041 kWh | £659 | £104 | £763 | £11,638 | 15.3 yrs | £3,616 |
| 5 kW | 4338 kWh | 3037 kWh | 1301 kWh | £823 | £130 | £953 | £13,673 | 14.3 yrs | £5,395 |
| 6 kW | 5206 kWh | 3644 kWh | 1562 kWh | £988 | £156 | £1,144 | £15,707 | 13.7 yrs | £7,174 |
| 7 kW | 6073 kWh | 4251 kWh | 1822 kWh | £1,153 | £182 | £1,335 | £17,742 | 13.3 yrs | £8,953 |
| 8 kW | 6941 kWh | 4859 kWh | 2082 kWh | £1,317 | £208 | £1,525 | £19,776 | 13.0 yrs | £10,732 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £976, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1735 kWh | 1267 kWh | 469 kWh | £343 | £47 | £390 | £9,319 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,514 |
| 3 kW | 2603 kWh | 1900 kWh | 703 kWh | £515 | £70 | £585 | £11,354 | 19.4 yrs | £354 |
| 4 kW | 3470 kWh | 2533 kWh | 937 kWh | £687 | £94 | £781 | £13,388 | 17.2 yrs | £2,222 |
| 5 kW | 4338 kWh | 3167 kWh | 1171 kWh | £859 | £117 | £976 | £15,423 | 15.8 yrs | £4,090 |
| 6 kW | 5206 kWh | 3800 kWh | 1406 kWh | £1,030 | £141 | £1,171 | £17,457 | 14.9 yrs | £5,959 |
| 7 kW | 6073 kWh | 4434 kWh | 1640 kWh | £1,202 | £164 | £1,366 | £19,492 | 14.3 yrs | £7,827 |
| 8 kW | 6941 kWh | 5067 kWh | 1874 kWh | £1,374 | £187 | £1,561 | £21,526 | 13.8 yrs | £9,695 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £990, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1735 kWh | 1301 kWh | 434 kWh | £353 | £43 | £396 | £11,069 | 27.9 yrs | £-3,145 |
| 3 kW | 2603 kWh | 1952 kWh | 651 kWh | £529 | £65 | £594 | £13,104 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,218 |
| 4 kW | 3470 kWh | 2603 kWh | 868 kWh | £706 | £87 | £792 | £15,138 | 19.1 yrs | £710 |
| 5 kW | 4338 kWh | 3254 kWh | 1085 kWh | £882 | £108 | £990 | £17,173 | 17.3 yrs | £2,637 |
| 6 kW | 5206 kWh | 3904 kWh | 1301 kWh | £1,058 | £130 | £1,189 | £19,207 | 16.2 yrs | £4,565 |
| 7 kW | 6073 kWh | 4555 kWh | 1518 kWh | £1,235 | £152 | £1,387 | £21,242 | 15.3 yrs | £6,492 |
| 8 kW | 6941 kWh | 5206 kWh | 1735 kWh | £1,411 | £174 | £1,585 | £23,276 | 14.7 yrs | £8,420 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,005, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1735 kWh | 1336 kWh | 399 kWh | £362 | £40 | £402 | £13,519 | 33.6 yrs | £-5,476 |
| 3 kW | 2603 kWh | 2004 kWh | 599 kWh | £543 | £60 | £603 | £15,554 | 25.8 yrs | £-3,489 |
| 4 kW | 3470 kWh | 2672 kWh | 798 kWh | £724 | £80 | £804 | £17,588 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,503 |
| 5 kW | 4338 kWh | 3340 kWh | 998 kWh | £906 | £100 | £1,005 | £19,623 | 19.5 yrs | £484 |
| 6 kW | 5206 kWh | 4008 kWh | 1197 kWh | £1,087 | £120 | £1,206 | £21,657 | 18.0 yrs | £2,471 |
| 7 kW | 6073 kWh | 4676 kWh | 1397 kWh | £1,268 | £140 | £1,407 | £23,692 | 16.8 yrs | £4,458 |
| 8 kW | 6941 kWh | 5345 kWh | 1596 kWh | £1,449 | £160 | £1,609 | £25,726 | 16.0 yrs | £6,445 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.