A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 846 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £713, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1692 kWh | 677 kWh | 1015 kWh | £183 | £102 | £285 | £4,069 | 14.3 yrs | £1,631 |
| 3 kW | 2538 kWh | 1015 kWh | 1523 kWh | £275 | £152 | £428 | £6,104 | 14.3 yrs | £2,447 |
| 4 kW | 3384 kWh | 1354 kWh | 2031 kWh | £367 | £203 | £570 | £8,138 | 14.3 yrs | £3,263 |
| 5 kW | 4230 kWh | 1692 kWh | 2538 kWh | £459 | £254 | £713 | £10,173 | 14.3 yrs | £4,079 |
| 6 kW | 5076 kWh | 2031 kWh | 3046 kWh | £550 | £305 | £855 | £12,207 | 14.3 yrs | £4,894 |
| 7 kW | 5922 kWh | 2369 kWh | 3553 kWh | £642 | £355 | £998 | £14,242 | 14.3 yrs | £5,710 |
| 8 kW | 6769 kWh | 2707 kWh | 4061 kWh | £734 | £406 | £1,140 | £16,276 | 14.3 yrs | £6,526 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £857, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1692 kWh | 1015 kWh | 677 kWh | £275 | £68 | £343 | £6,169 | 18.0 yrs | £690 |
| 3 kW | 2538 kWh | 1523 kWh | 1015 kWh | £413 | £102 | £514 | £8,204 | 15.9 yrs | £2,084 |
| 4 kW | 3384 kWh | 2031 kWh | 1354 kWh | £550 | £135 | £686 | £10,238 | 14.9 yrs | £3,479 |
| 5 kW | 4230 kWh | 2538 kWh | 1692 kWh | £688 | £169 | £857 | £12,273 | 14.3 yrs | £4,874 |
| 6 kW | 5076 kWh | 3046 kWh | 2031 kWh | £826 | £203 | £1,029 | £14,307 | 13.9 yrs | £6,269 |
| 7 kW | 5922 kWh | 3553 kWh | 2369 kWh | £963 | £237 | £1,200 | £16,342 | 13.6 yrs | £7,663 |
| 8 kW | 6769 kWh | 4061 kWh | 2707 kWh | £1,101 | £271 | £1,372 | £18,376 | 13.4 yrs | £9,058 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £930, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1692 kWh | 1184 kWh | 508 kWh | £321 | £51 | £372 | £7,569 | 20.4 yrs | £-131 |
| 3 kW | 2538 kWh | 1777 kWh | 761 kWh | £482 | £76 | £558 | £9,604 | 17.2 yrs | £1,553 |
| 4 kW | 3384 kWh | 2369 kWh | 1015 kWh | £642 | £102 | £744 | £11,638 | 15.6 yrs | £3,237 |
| 5 kW | 4230 kWh | 2961 kWh | 1269 kWh | £803 | £127 | £930 | £13,673 | 14.7 yrs | £4,922 |
| 6 kW | 5076 kWh | 3553 kWh | 1523 kWh | £963 | £152 | £1,116 | £15,707 | 14.1 yrs | £6,606 |
| 7 kW | 5922 kWh | 4146 kWh | 1777 kWh | £1,124 | £178 | £1,302 | £17,742 | 13.6 yrs | £8,290 |
| 8 kW | 6769 kWh | 4738 kWh | 2031 kWh | £1,284 | £203 | £1,488 | £19,776 | 13.3 yrs | £9,974 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £951, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1692 kWh | 1235 kWh | 457 kWh | £335 | £46 | £381 | £9,319 | 24.5 yrs | £-1,708 |
| 3 kW | 2538 kWh | 1853 kWh | 685 kWh | £502 | £69 | £571 | £11,354 | 19.9 yrs | £63 |
| 4 kW | 3384 kWh | 2471 kWh | 914 kWh | £670 | £91 | £761 | £13,388 | 17.6 yrs | £1,835 |
| 5 kW | 4230 kWh | 3088 kWh | 1142 kWh | £837 | £114 | £951 | £15,423 | 16.2 yrs | £3,606 |
| 6 kW | 5076 kWh | 3706 kWh | 1371 kWh | £1,005 | £137 | £1,142 | £17,457 | 15.3 yrs | £5,377 |
| 7 kW | 5922 kWh | 4323 kWh | 1599 kWh | £1,172 | £160 | £1,332 | £19,492 | 14.6 yrs | £7,148 |
| 8 kW | 6769 kWh | 4941 kWh | 1828 kWh | £1,340 | £183 | £1,522 | £21,526 | 14.1 yrs | £8,919 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £966, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1692 kWh | 1269 kWh | 423 kWh | £344 | £42 | £386 | £11,069 | 28.6 yrs | £-3,342 |
| 3 kW | 2538 kWh | 1904 kWh | 635 kWh | £516 | £63 | £580 | £13,104 | 22.6 yrs | £-1,513 |
| 4 kW | 3384 kWh | 2538 kWh | 846 kWh | £688 | £85 | £773 | £15,138 | 19.6 yrs | £316 |
| 5 kW | 4230 kWh | 3173 kWh | 1058 kWh | £860 | £106 | £966 | £17,173 | 17.8 yrs | £2,145 |
| 6 kW | 5076 kWh | 3807 kWh | 1269 kWh | £1,032 | £127 | £1,159 | £19,207 | 16.6 yrs | £3,974 |
| 7 kW | 5922 kWh | 4442 kWh | 1481 kWh | £1,204 | £148 | £1,352 | £21,242 | 15.7 yrs | £5,803 |
| 8 kW | 6769 kWh | 5076 kWh | 1692 kWh | £1,376 | £169 | £1,545 | £23,276 | 15.1 yrs | £7,633 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £980, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1692 kWh | 1303 kWh | 389 kWh | £353 | £39 | £392 | £13,519 | 34.5 yrs | £-5,676 |
| 3 kW | 2538 kWh | 1954 kWh | 584 kWh | £530 | £58 | £588 | £15,554 | 26.4 yrs | £-3,789 |
| 4 kW | 3384 kWh | 2606 kWh | 778 kWh | £706 | £78 | £784 | £17,588 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,902 |
| 5 kW | 4230 kWh | 3257 kWh | 973 kWh | £883 | £97 | £980 | £19,623 | 20.0 yrs | £-15 |
| 6 kW | 5076 kWh | 3909 kWh | 1168 kWh | £1,060 | £117 | £1,176 | £21,657 | 18.4 yrs | £1,872 |
| 7 kW | 5922 kWh | 4560 kWh | 1362 kWh | £1,236 | £136 | £1,373 | £23,692 | 17.3 yrs | £3,759 |
| 8 kW | 6769 kWh | 5212 kWh | 1557 kWh | £1,413 | £156 | £1,569 | £25,726 | 16.4 yrs | £5,646 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.