A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 876 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £738, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1753 kWh | 701 kWh | 1052 kWh | £190 | £105 | £295 | £4,069 | 13.8 yrs | £1,836 |
| 3 kW | 2629 kWh | 1052 kWh | 1578 kWh | £285 | £158 | £443 | £6,104 | 13.8 yrs | £2,754 |
| 4 kW | 3506 kWh | 1402 kWh | 2104 kWh | £380 | £210 | £591 | £8,138 | 13.8 yrs | £3,673 |
| 5 kW | 4382 kWh | 1753 kWh | 2629 kWh | £475 | £263 | £738 | £10,173 | 13.8 yrs | £4,591 |
| 6 kW | 5259 kWh | 2104 kWh | 3155 kWh | £570 | £316 | £886 | £12,207 | 13.8 yrs | £5,509 |
| 7 kW | 6135 kWh | 2454 kWh | 3681 kWh | £665 | £368 | £1,033 | £14,242 | 13.8 yrs | £6,427 |
| 8 kW | 7012 kWh | 2805 kWh | 4207 kWh | £760 | £421 | £1,181 | £16,276 | 13.8 yrs | £7,345 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £888, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1753 kWh | 1052 kWh | 701 kWh | £285 | £70 | £355 | £6,169 | 17.4 yrs | £936 |
| 3 kW | 2629 kWh | 1578 kWh | 1052 kWh | £428 | £105 | £533 | £8,204 | 15.4 yrs | £2,454 |
| 4 kW | 3506 kWh | 2104 kWh | 1402 kWh | £570 | £140 | £711 | £10,238 | 14.4 yrs | £3,972 |
| 5 kW | 4382 kWh | 2629 kWh | 1753 kWh | £713 | £175 | £888 | £12,273 | 13.8 yrs | £5,490 |
| 6 kW | 5259 kWh | 3155 kWh | 2104 kWh | £855 | £210 | £1,066 | £14,307 | 13.4 yrs | £7,008 |
| 7 kW | 6135 kWh | 3681 kWh | 2454 kWh | £998 | £245 | £1,243 | £16,342 | 13.1 yrs | £8,526 |
| 8 kW | 7012 kWh | 4207 kWh | 2805 kWh | £1,141 | £280 | £1,421 | £18,376 | 12.9 yrs | £10,044 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £963, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1753 kWh | 1227 kWh | 526 kWh | £333 | £53 | £385 | £7,569 | 19.6 yrs | £136 |
| 3 kW | 2629 kWh | 1841 kWh | 789 kWh | £499 | £79 | £578 | £9,604 | 16.6 yrs | £1,954 |
| 4 kW | 3506 kWh | 2454 kWh | 1052 kWh | £665 | £105 | £770 | £11,638 | 15.1 yrs | £3,772 |
| 5 kW | 4382 kWh | 3068 kWh | 1315 kWh | £832 | £131 | £963 | £13,673 | 14.2 yrs | £5,590 |
| 6 kW | 5259 kWh | 3681 kWh | 1578 kWh | £998 | £158 | £1,156 | £15,707 | 13.6 yrs | £7,408 |
| 7 kW | 6135 kWh | 4295 kWh | 1841 kWh | £1,164 | £184 | £1,348 | £17,742 | 13.2 yrs | £9,225 |
| 8 kW | 7012 kWh | 4908 kWh | 2104 kWh | £1,331 | £210 | £1,541 | £19,776 | 12.8 yrs | £11,043 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £986, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1753 kWh | 1280 kWh | 473 kWh | £347 | £47 | £394 | £9,319 | 23.6 yrs | £-1,434 |
| 3 kW | 2629 kWh | 1919 kWh | 710 kWh | £520 | £71 | £591 | £11,354 | 19.2 yrs | £474 |
| 4 kW | 3506 kWh | 2559 kWh | 947 kWh | £694 | £95 | £788 | £13,388 | 17.0 yrs | £2,382 |
| 5 kW | 4382 kWh | 3199 kWh | 1183 kWh | £867 | £118 | £986 | £15,423 | 15.6 yrs | £4,290 |
| 6 kW | 5259 kWh | 3839 kWh | 1420 kWh | £1,041 | £142 | £1,183 | £17,457 | 14.8 yrs | £6,197 |
| 7 kW | 6135 kWh | 4479 kWh | 1657 kWh | £1,214 | £166 | £1,380 | £19,492 | 14.1 yrs | £8,105 |
| 8 kW | 7012 kWh | 5119 kWh | 1893 kWh | £1,388 | £189 | £1,577 | £21,526 | 13.7 yrs | £10,013 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,001, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1753 kWh | 1315 kWh | 438 kWh | £356 | £44 | £400 | £11,069 | 27.7 yrs | £-3,064 |
| 3 kW | 2629 kWh | 1972 kWh | 657 kWh | £535 | £66 | £600 | £13,104 | 21.8 yrs | £-1,096 |
| 4 kW | 3506 kWh | 2629 kWh | 876 kWh | £713 | £88 | £800 | £15,138 | 18.9 yrs | £872 |
| 5 kW | 4382 kWh | 3287 kWh | 1096 kWh | £891 | £110 | £1,001 | £17,173 | 17.2 yrs | £2,839 |
| 6 kW | 5259 kWh | 3944 kWh | 1315 kWh | £1,069 | £131 | £1,201 | £19,207 | 16.0 yrs | £4,807 |
| 7 kW | 6135 kWh | 4601 kWh | 1534 kWh | £1,247 | £153 | £1,401 | £21,242 | 15.2 yrs | £6,775 |
| 8 kW | 7012 kWh | 5259 kWh | 1753 kWh | £1,426 | £175 | £1,601 | £23,276 | 14.5 yrs | £8,743 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,016, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1753 kWh | 1350 kWh | 403 kWh | £366 | £40 | £406 | £13,519 | 33.3 yrs | £-5,394 |
| 3 kW | 2629 kWh | 2025 kWh | 605 kWh | £549 | £60 | £609 | £15,554 | 25.5 yrs | £-3,366 |
| 4 kW | 3506 kWh | 2700 kWh | 806 kWh | £732 | £81 | £812 | £17,588 | 21.6 yrs | £-1,338 |
| 5 kW | 4382 kWh | 3374 kWh | 1008 kWh | £915 | £101 | £1,016 | £19,623 | 19.3 yrs | £689 |
| 6 kW | 5259 kWh | 4049 kWh | 1210 kWh | £1,098 | £121 | £1,219 | £21,657 | 17.8 yrs | £2,717 |
| 7 kW | 6135 kWh | 4724 kWh | 1411 kWh | £1,281 | £141 | £1,422 | £23,692 | 16.7 yrs | £4,745 |
| 8 kW | 7012 kWh | 5399 kWh | 1613 kWh | £1,464 | £161 | £1,625 | £25,726 | 15.8 yrs | £6,773 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.