A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 856 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £721, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1711 kWh | 685 kWh | 1027 kWh | £186 | £103 | £288 | £4,069 | 14.1 yrs | £1,696 |
| 3 kW | 2567 kWh | 1027 kWh | 1540 kWh | £278 | £154 | £432 | £6,104 | 14.1 yrs | £2,545 |
| 4 kW | 3423 kWh | 1369 kWh | 2054 kWh | £371 | £205 | £577 | £8,138 | 14.1 yrs | £3,393 |
| 5 kW | 4278 kWh | 1711 kWh | 2567 kWh | £464 | £257 | £721 | £10,173 | 14.1 yrs | £4,241 |
| 6 kW | 5134 kWh | 2054 kWh | 3081 kWh | £557 | £308 | £865 | £12,207 | 14.1 yrs | £5,089 |
| 7 kW | 5990 kWh | 2396 kWh | 3594 kWh | £650 | £359 | £1,009 | £14,242 | 14.1 yrs | £5,937 |
| 8 kW | 6846 kWh | 2738 kWh | 4107 kWh | £742 | £411 | £1,153 | £16,276 | 14.1 yrs | £6,785 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £867, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1711 kWh | 1027 kWh | 685 kWh | £278 | £68 | £347 | £6,169 | 17.8 yrs | £768 |
| 3 kW | 2567 kWh | 1540 kWh | 1027 kWh | £418 | £103 | £520 | £8,204 | 15.8 yrs | £2,201 |
| 4 kW | 3423 kWh | 2054 kWh | 1369 kWh | £557 | £137 | £694 | £10,238 | 14.8 yrs | £3,635 |
| 5 kW | 4278 kWh | 2567 kWh | 1711 kWh | £696 | £171 | £867 | £12,273 | 14.2 yrs | £5,069 |
| 6 kW | 5134 kWh | 3081 kWh | 2054 kWh | £835 | £205 | £1,040 | £14,307 | 13.8 yrs | £6,503 |
| 7 kW | 5990 kWh | 3594 kWh | 2396 kWh | £974 | £240 | £1,214 | £16,342 | 13.5 yrs | £7,937 |
| 8 kW | 6846 kWh | 4107 kWh | 2738 kWh | £1,114 | £274 | £1,387 | £18,376 | 13.2 yrs | £9,371 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £940, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1711 kWh | 1198 kWh | 513 kWh | £325 | £51 | £376 | £7,569 | 20.1 yrs | £-47 |
| 3 kW | 2567 kWh | 1797 kWh | 770 kWh | £487 | £77 | £564 | £9,604 | 17.0 yrs | £1,680 |
| 4 kW | 3423 kWh | 2396 kWh | 1027 kWh | £650 | £103 | £752 | £11,638 | 15.5 yrs | £3,407 |
| 5 kW | 4278 kWh | 2995 kWh | 1284 kWh | £812 | £128 | £940 | £13,673 | 14.5 yrs | £5,133 |
| 6 kW | 5134 kWh | 3594 kWh | 1540 kWh | £974 | £154 | £1,128 | £15,707 | 13.9 yrs | £6,860 |
| 7 kW | 5990 kWh | 4193 kWh | 1797 kWh | £1,137 | £180 | £1,316 | £17,742 | 13.5 yrs | £8,586 |
| 8 kW | 6846 kWh | 4792 kWh | 2054 kWh | £1,299 | £205 | £1,504 | £19,776 | 13.1 yrs | £10,313 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £962, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1711 kWh | 1249 kWh | 462 kWh | £339 | £46 | £385 | £9,319 | 24.2 yrs | £-1,621 |
| 3 kW | 2567 kWh | 1874 kWh | 693 kWh | £508 | £69 | £577 | £11,354 | 19.7 yrs | £193 |
| 4 kW | 3423 kWh | 2499 kWh | 924 kWh | £677 | £92 | £770 | £13,388 | 17.4 yrs | £2,008 |
| 5 kW | 4278 kWh | 3123 kWh | 1155 kWh | £847 | £116 | £962 | £15,423 | 16.0 yrs | £3,822 |
| 6 kW | 5134 kWh | 3748 kWh | 1386 kWh | £1,016 | £139 | £1,155 | £17,457 | 15.1 yrs | £5,637 |
| 7 kW | 5990 kWh | 4373 kWh | 1617 kWh | £1,185 | £162 | £1,347 | £19,492 | 14.5 yrs | £7,451 |
| 8 kW | 6846 kWh | 4997 kWh | 1848 kWh | £1,355 | £185 | £1,540 | £21,526 | 14.0 yrs | £9,266 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £977, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1711 kWh | 1284 kWh | 428 kWh | £348 | £43 | £391 | £11,069 | 28.3 yrs | £-3,254 |
| 3 kW | 2567 kWh | 1925 kWh | 642 kWh | £522 | £64 | £586 | £13,104 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,381 |
| 4 kW | 3423 kWh | 2567 kWh | 856 kWh | £696 | £86 | £782 | £15,138 | 19.4 yrs | £492 |
| 5 kW | 4278 kWh | 3209 kWh | 1070 kWh | £870 | £107 | £977 | £17,173 | 17.6 yrs | £2,365 |
| 6 kW | 5134 kWh | 3851 kWh | 1284 kWh | £1,044 | £128 | £1,172 | £19,207 | 16.4 yrs | £4,238 |
| 7 kW | 5990 kWh | 4492 kWh | 1497 kWh | £1,218 | £150 | £1,368 | £21,242 | 15.5 yrs | £6,111 |
| 8 kW | 6846 kWh | 5134 kWh | 1711 kWh | £1,392 | £171 | £1,563 | £23,276 | 14.9 yrs | £7,984 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £992, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1711 kWh | 1318 kWh | 394 kWh | £357 | £39 | £397 | £13,519 | 34.1 yrs | £-5,587 |
| 3 kW | 2567 kWh | 1977 kWh | 590 kWh | £536 | £59 | £595 | £15,554 | 26.1 yrs | £-3,655 |
| 4 kW | 3423 kWh | 2636 kWh | 787 kWh | £714 | £79 | £793 | £17,588 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,724 |
| 5 kW | 4278 kWh | 3294 kWh | 984 kWh | £893 | £98 | £992 | £19,623 | 19.8 yrs | £208 |
| 6 kW | 5134 kWh | 3953 kWh | 1181 kWh | £1,072 | £118 | £1,190 | £21,657 | 18.2 yrs | £2,140 |
| 7 kW | 5990 kWh | 4612 kWh | 1378 kWh | £1,250 | £138 | £1,388 | £23,692 | 17.1 yrs | £4,071 |
| 8 kW | 6846 kWh | 5271 kWh | 1574 kWh | £1,429 | £157 | £1,586 | £25,726 | 16.2 yrs | £6,003 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.