A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 910 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.3p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £734, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1820 kWh | 728 kWh | 1092 kWh | £184 | £109 | £294 | £4,069 | 13.9 yrs | £1,804 |
| 3 kW | 2731 kWh | 1092 kWh | 1638 kWh | £277 | £164 | £440 | £6,104 | 13.9 yrs | £2,706 |
| 4 kW | 3641 kWh | 1456 kWh | 2184 kWh | £369 | £218 | £587 | £8,138 | 13.9 yrs | £3,608 |
| 5 kW | 4551 kWh | 1820 kWh | 2731 kWh | £461 | £273 | £734 | £10,173 | 13.9 yrs | £4,510 |
| 6 kW | 5461 kWh | 2184 kWh | 3277 kWh | £553 | £328 | £881 | £12,207 | 13.9 yrs | £5,413 |
| 7 kW | 6371 kWh | 2549 kWh | 3823 kWh | £646 | £382 | £1,028 | £14,242 | 13.9 yrs | £6,315 |
| 8 kW | 7281 kWh | 2913 kWh | 4369 kWh | £738 | £437 | £1,175 | £16,276 | 13.9 yrs | £7,217 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £874, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1820 kWh | 1092 kWh | 728 kWh | £277 | £73 | £349 | £6,169 | 17.7 yrs | £820 |
| 3 kW | 2731 kWh | 1638 kWh | 1092 kWh | £415 | £109 | £524 | £8,204 | 15.6 yrs | £2,281 |
| 4 kW | 3641 kWh | 2184 kWh | 1456 kWh | £553 | £146 | £699 | £10,238 | 14.6 yrs | £3,741 |
| 5 kW | 4551 kWh | 2731 kWh | 1820 kWh | £692 | £182 | £874 | £12,273 | 14.0 yrs | £5,201 |
| 6 kW | 5461 kWh | 3277 kWh | 2184 kWh | £830 | £218 | £1,048 | £14,307 | 13.6 yrs | £6,661 |
| 7 kW | 6371 kWh | 3823 kWh | 2549 kWh | £968 | £255 | £1,223 | £16,342 | 13.4 yrs | £8,122 |
| 8 kW | 7281 kWh | 4369 kWh | 2913 kWh | £1,107 | £291 | £1,398 | £18,376 | 13.1 yrs | £9,582 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £943, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1820 kWh | 1274 kWh | 546 kWh | £323 | £55 | £377 | £7,569 | 20.1 yrs | £-21 |
| 3 kW | 2731 kWh | 1911 kWh | 819 kWh | £484 | £82 | £566 | £9,604 | 17.0 yrs | £1,718 |
| 4 kW | 3641 kWh | 2549 kWh | 1092 kWh | £646 | £109 | £755 | £11,638 | 15.4 yrs | £3,457 |
| 5 kW | 4551 kWh | 3186 kWh | 1365 kWh | £807 | £137 | £943 | £13,673 | 14.5 yrs | £5,196 |
| 6 kW | 5461 kWh | 3823 kWh | 1638 kWh | £968 | £164 | £1,132 | £15,707 | 13.9 yrs | £6,936 |
| 7 kW | 6371 kWh | 4460 kWh | 1911 kWh | £1,130 | £191 | £1,321 | £17,742 | 13.4 yrs | £8,675 |
| 8 kW | 7281 kWh | 5097 kWh | 2184 kWh | £1,291 | £218 | £1,510 | £19,776 | 13.1 yrs | £10,414 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £964, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1820 kWh | 1329 kWh | 491 kWh | £337 | £49 | £386 | £9,319 | 24.2 yrs | £-1,604 |
| 3 kW | 2731 kWh | 1993 kWh | 737 kWh | £505 | £74 | £579 | £11,354 | 19.6 yrs | £219 |
| 4 kW | 3641 kWh | 2658 kWh | 983 kWh | £673 | £98 | £772 | £13,388 | 17.4 yrs | £2,042 |
| 5 kW | 4551 kWh | 3322 kWh | 1229 kWh | £842 | £123 | £964 | £15,423 | 16.0 yrs | £3,865 |
| 6 kW | 5461 kWh | 3987 kWh | 1474 kWh | £1,010 | £147 | £1,157 | £17,457 | 15.1 yrs | £5,688 |
| 7 kW | 6371 kWh | 4651 kWh | 1720 kWh | £1,178 | £172 | £1,350 | £19,492 | 14.4 yrs | £7,511 |
| 8 kW | 7281 kWh | 5315 kWh | 1966 kWh | £1,346 | £197 | £1,543 | £21,526 | 14.0 yrs | £9,334 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £978, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1820 kWh | 1365 kWh | 455 kWh | £346 | £46 | £391 | £11,069 | 28.3 yrs | £-3,242 |
| 3 kW | 2731 kWh | 2048 kWh | 683 kWh | £519 | £68 | £587 | £13,104 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,364 |
| 4 kW | 3641 kWh | 2731 kWh | 910 kWh | £692 | £91 | £783 | £15,138 | 19.3 yrs | £515 |
| 5 kW | 4551 kWh | 3413 kWh | 1138 kWh | £865 | £114 | £978 | £17,173 | 17.6 yrs | £2,394 |
| 6 kW | 5461 kWh | 4096 kWh | 1365 kWh | £1,037 | £137 | £1,174 | £19,207 | 16.4 yrs | £4,273 |
| 7 kW | 6371 kWh | 4778 kWh | 1593 kWh | £1,210 | £159 | £1,370 | £21,242 | 15.5 yrs | £6,152 |
| 8 kW | 7281 kWh | 5461 kWh | 1820 kWh | £1,383 | £182 | £1,565 | £23,276 | 14.9 yrs | £8,030 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £992, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1820 kWh | 1402 kWh | 419 kWh | £355 | £42 | £397 | £13,519 | 34.1 yrs | £-5,581 |
| 3 kW | 2731 kWh | 2103 kWh | 628 kWh | £533 | £63 | £595 | £15,554 | 26.1 yrs | £-3,646 |
| 4 kW | 3641 kWh | 2803 kWh | 837 kWh | £710 | £84 | £794 | £17,588 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,712 |
| 5 kW | 4551 kWh | 3504 kWh | 1047 kWh | £888 | £105 | £992 | £19,623 | 19.8 yrs | £223 |
| 6 kW | 5461 kWh | 4205 kWh | 1256 kWh | £1,065 | £126 | £1,191 | £21,657 | 18.2 yrs | £2,158 |
| 7 kW | 6371 kWh | 4906 kWh | 1465 kWh | £1,243 | £147 | £1,389 | £23,692 | 17.1 yrs | £4,092 |
| 8 kW | 7281 kWh | 5607 kWh | 1675 kWh | £1,420 | £167 | £1,588 | £25,726 | 16.2 yrs | £6,027 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.