A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 979 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.3p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £789, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1957 kWh | 783 kWh | 1174 kWh | £198 | £117 | £316 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,246 |
| 3 kW | 2936 kWh | 1174 kWh | 1762 kWh | £297 | £176 | £474 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,369 |
| 4 kW | 3915 kWh | 1566 kWh | 2349 kWh | £397 | £235 | £631 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,492 |
| 5 kW | 4893 kWh | 1957 kWh | 2936 kWh | £496 | £294 | £789 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,615 |
| 6 kW | 5872 kWh | 2349 kWh | 3523 kWh | £595 | £352 | £947 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,738 |
| 7 kW | 6850 kWh | 2740 kWh | 4110 kWh | £694 | £411 | £1,105 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,861 |
| 8 kW | 7829 kWh | 3132 kWh | 4697 kWh | £793 | £470 | £1,263 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £8,984 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £939, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1957 kWh | 1174 kWh | 783 kWh | £297 | £78 | £376 | £6,169 | 16.4 yrs | £1,346 |
| 3 kW | 2936 kWh | 1762 kWh | 1174 kWh | £446 | £117 | £564 | £8,204 | 14.6 yrs | £3,069 |
| 4 kW | 3915 kWh | 2349 kWh | 1566 kWh | £595 | £157 | £752 | £10,238 | 13.6 yrs | £4,792 |
| 5 kW | 4893 kWh | 2936 kWh | 1957 kWh | £744 | £196 | £939 | £12,273 | 13.1 yrs | £6,515 |
| 6 kW | 5872 kWh | 3523 kWh | 2349 kWh | £892 | £235 | £1,127 | £14,307 | 12.7 yrs | £8,238 |
| 7 kW | 6850 kWh | 4110 kWh | 2740 kWh | £1,041 | £274 | £1,315 | £16,342 | 12.4 yrs | £9,962 |
| 8 kW | 7829 kWh | 4697 kWh | 3132 kWh | £1,190 | £313 | £1,503 | £18,376 | 12.2 yrs | £11,685 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,014, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1957 kWh | 1370 kWh | 587 kWh | £347 | £59 | £406 | £7,569 | 18.7 yrs | £546 |
| 3 kW | 2936 kWh | 2055 kWh | 881 kWh | £521 | £88 | £609 | £9,604 | 15.8 yrs | £2,569 |
| 4 kW | 3915 kWh | 2740 kWh | 1174 kWh | £694 | £117 | £812 | £11,638 | 14.3 yrs | £4,593 |
| 5 kW | 4893 kWh | 3425 kWh | 1468 kWh | £868 | £147 | £1,014 | £13,673 | 13.5 yrs | £6,616 |
| 6 kW | 5872 kWh | 4110 kWh | 1762 kWh | £1,041 | £176 | £1,217 | £15,707 | 12.9 yrs | £8,639 |
| 7 kW | 6850 kWh | 4795 kWh | 2055 kWh | £1,215 | £206 | £1,420 | £17,742 | 12.5 yrs | £10,662 |
| 8 kW | 7829 kWh | 5480 kWh | 2349 kWh | £1,388 | £235 | £1,623 | £19,776 | 12.2 yrs | £12,685 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,037, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1957 kWh | 1429 kWh | 528 kWh | £362 | £53 | £415 | £9,319 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,024 |
| 3 kW | 2936 kWh | 2143 kWh | 793 kWh | £543 | £79 | £622 | £11,354 | 18.2 yrs | £1,089 |
| 4 kW | 3915 kWh | 2858 kWh | 1057 kWh | £724 | £106 | £830 | £13,388 | 16.1 yrs | £3,203 |
| 5 kW | 4893 kWh | 3572 kWh | 1321 kWh | £905 | £132 | £1,037 | £15,423 | 14.9 yrs | £5,316 |
| 6 kW | 5872 kWh | 4286 kWh | 1585 kWh | £1,086 | £159 | £1,244 | £17,457 | 14.0 yrs | £7,429 |
| 7 kW | 6850 kWh | 5001 kWh | 1850 kWh | £1,267 | £185 | £1,452 | £19,492 | 13.4 yrs | £9,542 |
| 8 kW | 7829 kWh | 5715 kWh | 2114 kWh | £1,448 | £211 | £1,659 | £21,526 | 13.0 yrs | £11,655 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,052, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1957 kWh | 1468 kWh | 489 kWh | £372 | £49 | £421 | £11,069 | 26.3 yrs | £-2,654 |
| 3 kW | 2936 kWh | 2202 kWh | 734 kWh | £558 | £73 | £631 | £13,104 | 20.8 yrs | £-481 |
| 4 kW | 3915 kWh | 2936 kWh | 979 kWh | £744 | £98 | £842 | £15,138 | 18.0 yrs | £1,693 |
| 5 kW | 4893 kWh | 3670 kWh | 1223 kWh | £930 | £122 | £1,052 | £17,173 | 16.3 yrs | £3,866 |
| 6 kW | 5872 kWh | 4404 kWh | 1468 kWh | £1,116 | £147 | £1,262 | £19,207 | 15.2 yrs | £6,039 |
| 7 kW | 6850 kWh | 5138 kWh | 1713 kWh | £1,301 | £171 | £1,473 | £21,242 | 14.4 yrs | £8,212 |
| 8 kW | 7829 kWh | 5872 kWh | 1957 kWh | £1,487 | £196 | £1,683 | £23,276 | 13.8 yrs | £10,385 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,067, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1957 kWh | 1507 kWh | 450 kWh | £382 | £45 | £427 | £13,519 | 31.7 yrs | £-4,984 |
| 3 kW | 2936 kWh | 2261 kWh | 675 kWh | £573 | £68 | £640 | £15,554 | 24.3 yrs | £-2,751 |
| 4 kW | 3915 kWh | 3014 kWh | 900 kWh | £763 | £90 | £854 | £17,588 | 20.6 yrs | £-517 |
| 5 kW | 4893 kWh | 3768 kWh | 1125 kWh | £954 | £113 | £1,067 | £19,623 | 18.4 yrs | £1,716 |
| 6 kW | 5872 kWh | 4521 kWh | 1351 kWh | £1,145 | £135 | £1,280 | £21,657 | 16.9 yrs | £3,949 |
| 7 kW | 6850 kWh | 5275 kWh | 1576 kWh | £1,336 | £158 | £1,494 | £23,692 | 15.9 yrs | £6,182 |
| 8 kW | 7829 kWh | 6028 kWh | 1801 kWh | £1,527 | £180 | £1,707 | £25,726 | 15.1 yrs | £8,415 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.