A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 810 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £682, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1620 kWh | 648 kWh | 972 kWh | £176 | £97 | £273 | £4,069 | 14.9 yrs | £1,389 |
| 3 kW | 2430 kWh | 972 kWh | 1458 kWh | £264 | £146 | £409 | £6,104 | 14.9 yrs | £2,084 |
| 4 kW | 3240 kWh | 1296 kWh | 1944 kWh | £351 | £194 | £546 | £8,138 | 14.9 yrs | £2,778 |
| 5 kW | 4051 kWh | 1620 kWh | 2430 kWh | £439 | £243 | £682 | £10,173 | 14.9 yrs | £3,473 |
| 6 kW | 4861 kWh | 1944 kWh | 2916 kWh | £527 | £292 | £819 | £12,207 | 14.9 yrs | £4,168 |
| 7 kW | 5671 kWh | 2268 kWh | 3402 kWh | £615 | £340 | £955 | £14,242 | 14.9 yrs | £4,862 |
| 8 kW | 6481 kWh | 2592 kWh | 3889 kWh | £703 | £389 | £1,092 | £16,276 | 14.9 yrs | £5,557 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £821, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1620 kWh | 972 kWh | 648 kWh | £264 | £65 | £328 | £6,169 | 18.8 yrs | £398 |
| 3 kW | 2430 kWh | 1458 kWh | 972 kWh | £395 | £97 | £493 | £8,204 | 16.7 yrs | £1,647 |
| 4 kW | 3240 kWh | 1944 kWh | 1296 kWh | £527 | £130 | £657 | £10,238 | 15.6 yrs | £2,896 |
| 5 kW | 4051 kWh | 2430 kWh | 1620 kWh | £659 | £162 | £821 | £12,273 | 15.0 yrs | £4,145 |
| 6 kW | 4861 kWh | 2916 kWh | 1944 kWh | £791 | £194 | £985 | £14,307 | 14.5 yrs | £5,394 |
| 7 kW | 5671 kWh | 3402 kWh | 2268 kWh | £922 | £227 | £1,149 | £16,342 | 14.2 yrs | £6,643 |
| 8 kW | 6481 kWh | 3889 kWh | 2592 kWh | £1,054 | £259 | £1,313 | £18,376 | 14.0 yrs | £7,892 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £890, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1620 kWh | 1134 kWh | 486 kWh | £307 | £49 | £356 | £7,569 | 21.3 yrs | £-448 |
| 3 kW | 2430 kWh | 1701 kWh | 729 kWh | £461 | £73 | £534 | £9,604 | 18.0 yrs | £1,079 |
| 4 kW | 3240 kWh | 2268 kWh | 972 kWh | £615 | £97 | £712 | £11,638 | 16.3 yrs | £2,605 |
| 5 kW | 4051 kWh | 2835 kWh | 1215 kWh | £769 | £122 | £890 | £13,673 | 15.4 yrs | £4,131 |
| 6 kW | 4861 kWh | 3402 kWh | 1458 kWh | £922 | £146 | £1,068 | £15,707 | 14.7 yrs | £5,657 |
| 7 kW | 5671 kWh | 3970 kWh | 1701 kWh | £1,076 | £170 | £1,246 | £17,742 | 14.2 yrs | £7,184 |
| 8 kW | 6481 kWh | 4537 kWh | 1944 kWh | £1,230 | £194 | £1,424 | £19,776 | 13.9 yrs | £8,710 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £911, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1620 kWh | 1183 kWh | 437 kWh | £321 | £44 | £364 | £9,319 | 25.6 yrs | £-2,031 |
| 3 kW | 2430 kWh | 1774 kWh | 656 kWh | £481 | £66 | £547 | £11,354 | 20.8 yrs | £-422 |
| 4 kW | 3240 kWh | 2366 kWh | 875 kWh | £641 | £87 | £729 | £13,388 | 18.4 yrs | £1,188 |
| 5 kW | 4051 kWh | 2957 kWh | 1094 kWh | £802 | £109 | £911 | £15,423 | 16.9 yrs | £2,797 |
| 6 kW | 4861 kWh | 3548 kWh | 1312 kWh | £962 | £131 | £1,093 | £17,457 | 16.0 yrs | £4,406 |
| 7 kW | 5671 kWh | 4140 kWh | 1531 kWh | £1,122 | £153 | £1,275 | £19,492 | 15.3 yrs | £6,016 |
| 8 kW | 6481 kWh | 4731 kWh | 1750 kWh | £1,283 | £175 | £1,458 | £21,526 | 14.8 yrs | £7,625 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £925, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1620 kWh | 1215 kWh | 405 kWh | £329 | £41 | £370 | £11,069 | 29.9 yrs | £-3,670 |
| 3 kW | 2430 kWh | 1823 kWh | 608 kWh | £494 | £61 | £555 | £13,104 | 23.6 yrs | £-2,005 |
| 4 kW | 3240 kWh | 2430 kWh | 810 kWh | £659 | £81 | £740 | £15,138 | 20.5 yrs | £-341 |
| 5 kW | 4051 kWh | 3038 kWh | 1013 kWh | £824 | £101 | £925 | £17,173 | 18.6 yrs | £1,324 |
| 6 kW | 4861 kWh | 3645 kWh | 1215 kWh | £988 | £122 | £1,110 | £19,207 | 17.3 yrs | £2,989 |
| 7 kW | 5671 kWh | 4253 kWh | 1418 kWh | £1,153 | £142 | £1,295 | £21,242 | 16.4 yrs | £4,654 |
| 8 kW | 6481 kWh | 4861 kWh | 1620 kWh | £1,318 | £162 | £1,480 | £23,276 | 15.7 yrs | £6,319 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £939, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1620 kWh | 1248 kWh | 373 kWh | £338 | £37 | £375 | £13,519 | 36.0 yrs | £-6,009 |
| 3 kW | 2430 kWh | 1871 kWh | 559 kWh | £507 | £56 | £563 | £15,554 | 27.6 yrs | £-4,289 |
| 4 kW | 3240 kWh | 2495 kWh | 745 kWh | £676 | £75 | £751 | £17,588 | 23.4 yrs | £-2,569 |
| 5 kW | 4051 kWh | 3119 kWh | 932 kWh | £846 | £93 | £939 | £19,623 | 20.9 yrs | £-848 |
| 6 kW | 4861 kWh | 3743 kWh | 1118 kWh | £1,015 | £112 | £1,126 | £21,657 | 19.2 yrs | £872 |
| 7 kW | 5671 kWh | 4366 kWh | 1304 kWh | £1,184 | £130 | £1,314 | £23,692 | 18.0 yrs | £2,592 |
| 8 kW | 6481 kWh | 4990 kWh | 1491 kWh | £1,353 | £149 | £1,502 | £25,726 | 17.1 yrs | £4,312 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.