A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 967 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £814, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1934 kWh | 774 kWh | 1160 kWh | £210 | £116 | £326 | £4,069 | 12.5 yrs | £2,447 |
| 3 kW | 2901 kWh | 1160 kWh | 1741 kWh | £315 | £174 | £489 | £6,104 | 12.5 yrs | £3,670 |
| 4 kW | 3868 kWh | 1547 kWh | 2321 kWh | £419 | £232 | £652 | £8,138 | 12.5 yrs | £4,893 |
| 5 kW | 4835 kWh | 1934 kWh | 2901 kWh | £524 | £290 | £814 | £10,173 | 12.5 yrs | £6,116 |
| 6 kW | 5802 kWh | 2321 kWh | 3481 kWh | £629 | £348 | £977 | £12,207 | 12.5 yrs | £7,340 |
| 7 kW | 6769 kWh | 2708 kWh | 4062 kWh | £734 | £406 | £1,140 | £14,242 | 12.5 yrs | £8,563 |
| 8 kW | 7736 kWh | 3095 kWh | 4642 kWh | £839 | £464 | £1,303 | £16,276 | 12.5 yrs | £9,786 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £980, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1934 kWh | 1160 kWh | 774 kWh | £315 | £77 | £392 | £6,169 | 15.7 yrs | £1,670 |
| 3 kW | 2901 kWh | 1741 kWh | 1160 kWh | £472 | £116 | £588 | £8,204 | 14.0 yrs | £3,555 |
| 4 kW | 3868 kWh | 2321 kWh | 1547 kWh | £629 | £155 | £784 | £10,238 | 13.1 yrs | £5,440 |
| 5 kW | 4835 kWh | 2901 kWh | 1934 kWh | £786 | £193 | £980 | £12,273 | 12.5 yrs | £7,325 |
| 6 kW | 5802 kWh | 3481 kWh | 2321 kWh | £944 | £232 | £1,176 | £14,307 | 12.2 yrs | £9,211 |
| 7 kW | 6769 kWh | 4062 kWh | 2708 kWh | £1,101 | £271 | £1,372 | £16,342 | 11.9 yrs | £11,096 |
| 8 kW | 7736 kWh | 4642 kWh | 3095 kWh | £1,258 | £309 | £1,568 | £18,376 | 11.7 yrs | £12,981 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,063, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1934 kWh | 1354 kWh | 580 kWh | £367 | £58 | £425 | £7,569 | 17.8 yrs | £932 |
| 3 kW | 2901 kWh | 2031 kWh | 870 kWh | £551 | £87 | £638 | £9,604 | 15.1 yrs | £3,148 |
| 4 kW | 3868 kWh | 2708 kWh | 1160 kWh | £734 | £116 | £850 | £11,638 | 13.7 yrs | £5,364 |
| 5 kW | 4835 kWh | 3385 kWh | 1451 kWh | £918 | £145 | £1,063 | £13,673 | 12.9 yrs | £7,580 |
| 6 kW | 5802 kWh | 4062 kWh | 1741 kWh | £1,101 | £174 | £1,275 | £15,707 | 12.3 yrs | £9,796 |
| 7 kW | 6769 kWh | 4738 kWh | 2031 kWh | £1,285 | £203 | £1,488 | £17,742 | 11.9 yrs | £12,012 |
| 8 kW | 7736 kWh | 5415 kWh | 2321 kWh | £1,468 | £232 | £1,700 | £19,776 | 11.6 yrs | £14,228 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,087, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1934 kWh | 1412 kWh | 522 kWh | £383 | £52 | £435 | £9,319 | 21.4 yrs | £-619 |
| 3 kW | 2901 kWh | 2118 kWh | 783 kWh | £574 | £78 | £652 | £11,354 | 17.4 yrs | £1,696 |
| 4 kW | 3868 kWh | 2824 kWh | 1044 kWh | £766 | £104 | £870 | £13,388 | 15.4 yrs | £4,011 |
| 5 kW | 4835 kWh | 3530 kWh | 1306 kWh | £957 | £131 | £1,087 | £15,423 | 14.2 yrs | £6,326 |
| 6 kW | 5802 kWh | 4236 kWh | 1567 kWh | £1,148 | £157 | £1,305 | £17,457 | 13.4 yrs | £8,642 |
| 7 kW | 6769 kWh | 4942 kWh | 1828 kWh | £1,340 | £183 | £1,522 | £19,492 | 12.8 yrs | £10,957 |
| 8 kW | 7736 kWh | 5648 kWh | 2089 kWh | £1,531 | £209 | £1,740 | £21,526 | 12.4 yrs | £13,272 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,104, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1934 kWh | 1451 kWh | 484 kWh | £393 | £48 | £442 | £11,069 | 25.1 yrs | £-2,237 |
| 3 kW | 2901 kWh | 2176 kWh | 725 kWh | £590 | £73 | £662 | £13,104 | 19.8 yrs | £144 |
| 4 kW | 3868 kWh | 2901 kWh | 967 kWh | £786 | £97 | £883 | £15,138 | 17.1 yrs | £2,526 |
| 5 kW | 4835 kWh | 3626 kWh | 1209 kWh | £983 | £121 | £1,104 | £17,173 | 15.6 yrs | £4,907 |
| 6 kW | 5802 kWh | 4352 kWh | 1451 kWh | £1,180 | £145 | £1,325 | £19,207 | 14.5 yrs | £7,289 |
| 7 kW | 6769 kWh | 5077 kWh | 1692 kWh | £1,376 | £169 | £1,546 | £21,242 | 13.7 yrs | £9,670 |
| 8 kW | 7736 kWh | 5802 kWh | 1934 kWh | £1,573 | £193 | £1,766 | £23,276 | 13.2 yrs | £12,052 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,121, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1934 kWh | 1489 kWh | 445 kWh | £404 | £44 | £448 | £13,519 | 30.2 yrs | £-4,555 |
| 3 kW | 2901 kWh | 2234 kWh | 667 kWh | £606 | £67 | £672 | £15,554 | 23.1 yrs | £-2,107 |
| 4 kW | 3868 kWh | 2978 kWh | 890 kWh | £807 | £89 | £896 | £17,588 | 19.6 yrs | £341 |
| 5 kW | 4835 kWh | 3723 kWh | 1112 kWh | £1,009 | £111 | £1,121 | £19,623 | 17.5 yrs | £2,788 |
| 6 kW | 5802 kWh | 4468 kWh | 1335 kWh | £1,211 | £133 | £1,345 | £21,657 | 16.1 yrs | £5,236 |
| 7 kW | 6769 kWh | 5212 kWh | 1557 kWh | £1,413 | £156 | £1,569 | £23,692 | 15.1 yrs | £7,684 |
| 8 kW | 7736 kWh | 5957 kWh | 1779 kWh | £1,615 | £178 | £1,793 | £25,726 | 14.3 yrs | £10,131 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.