A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 976 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £822, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1951 kWh | 781 kWh | 1171 kWh | £212 | £117 | £329 | £4,069 | 12.4 yrs | £2,505 |
| 3 kW | 2927 kWh | 1171 kWh | 1756 kWh | £317 | £176 | £493 | £6,104 | 12.4 yrs | £3,757 |
| 4 kW | 3903 kWh | 1561 kWh | 2342 kWh | £423 | £234 | £657 | £8,138 | 12.4 yrs | £5,010 |
| 5 kW | 4878 kWh | 1951 kWh | 2927 kWh | £529 | £293 | £822 | £10,173 | 12.4 yrs | £6,262 |
| 6 kW | 5854 kWh | 2342 kWh | 3513 kWh | £635 | £351 | £986 | £12,207 | 12.4 yrs | £7,515 |
| 7 kW | 6830 kWh | 2732 kWh | 4098 kWh | £741 | £410 | £1,150 | £14,242 | 12.4 yrs | £8,767 |
| 8 kW | 7806 kWh | 3122 kWh | 4683 kWh | £846 | £468 | £1,315 | £16,276 | 12.4 yrs | £10,019 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £989, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1951 kWh | 1171 kWh | 781 kWh | £317 | £78 | £395 | £6,169 | 15.6 yrs | £1,740 |
| 3 kW | 2927 kWh | 1756 kWh | 1171 kWh | £476 | £117 | £593 | £8,204 | 13.8 yrs | £3,661 |
| 4 kW | 3903 kWh | 2342 kWh | 1561 kWh | £635 | £156 | £791 | £10,238 | 12.9 yrs | £5,581 |
| 5 kW | 4878 kWh | 2927 kWh | 1951 kWh | £794 | £195 | £989 | £12,273 | 12.4 yrs | £7,501 |
| 6 kW | 5854 kWh | 3513 kWh | 2342 kWh | £952 | £234 | £1,186 | £14,307 | 12.1 yrs | £9,421 |
| 7 kW | 6830 kWh | 4098 kWh | 2732 kWh | £1,111 | £273 | £1,384 | £16,342 | 11.8 yrs | £11,341 |
| 8 kW | 7806 kWh | 4683 kWh | 3122 kWh | £1,270 | £312 | £1,582 | £18,376 | 11.6 yrs | £13,262 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,072, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1951 kWh | 1366 kWh | 585 kWh | £370 | £59 | £429 | £7,569 | 17.6 yrs | £1,008 |
| 3 kW | 2927 kWh | 2049 kWh | 878 kWh | £555 | £88 | £643 | £9,604 | 14.9 yrs | £3,262 |
| 4 kW | 3903 kWh | 2732 kWh | 1171 kWh | £741 | £117 | £858 | £11,638 | 13.6 yrs | £5,516 |
| 5 kW | 4878 kWh | 3415 kWh | 1464 kWh | £926 | £146 | £1,072 | £13,673 | 12.8 yrs | £7,770 |
| 6 kW | 5854 kWh | 4098 kWh | 1756 kWh | £1,111 | £176 | £1,287 | £15,707 | 12.2 yrs | £10,024 |
| 7 kW | 6830 kWh | 4781 kWh | 2049 kWh | £1,296 | £205 | £1,501 | £17,742 | 11.8 yrs | £12,279 |
| 8 kW | 7806 kWh | 5464 kWh | 2342 kWh | £1,481 | £234 | £1,715 | £19,776 | 11.5 yrs | £14,533 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,097, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1951 kWh | 1425 kWh | 527 kWh | £386 | £53 | £439 | £9,319 | 21.2 yrs | £-542 |
| 3 kW | 2927 kWh | 2137 kWh | 790 kWh | £579 | £79 | £658 | £11,354 | 17.2 yrs | £1,813 |
| 4 kW | 3903 kWh | 2849 kWh | 1054 kWh | £772 | £105 | £878 | £13,388 | 15.3 yrs | £4,167 |
| 5 kW | 4878 kWh | 3561 kWh | 1317 kWh | £965 | £132 | £1,097 | £15,423 | 14.1 yrs | £6,521 |
| 6 kW | 5854 kWh | 4274 kWh | 1581 kWh | £1,159 | £158 | £1,317 | £17,457 | 13.3 yrs | £8,875 |
| 7 kW | 6830 kWh | 4986 kWh | 1844 kWh | £1,352 | £184 | £1,536 | £19,492 | 12.7 yrs | £11,230 |
| 8 kW | 7806 kWh | 5698 kWh | 2108 kWh | £1,545 | £211 | £1,756 | £21,526 | 12.3 yrs | £13,584 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,114, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1951 kWh | 1464 kWh | 488 kWh | £397 | £49 | £446 | £11,069 | 24.8 yrs | £-2,158 |
| 3 kW | 2927 kWh | 2195 kWh | 732 kWh | £595 | £73 | £668 | £13,104 | 19.6 yrs | £263 |
| 4 kW | 3903 kWh | 2927 kWh | 976 kWh | £794 | £98 | £891 | £15,138 | 17.0 yrs | £2,684 |
| 5 kW | 4878 kWh | 3659 kWh | 1220 kWh | £992 | £122 | £1,114 | £17,173 | 15.4 yrs | £5,105 |
| 6 kW | 5854 kWh | 4391 kWh | 1464 kWh | £1,190 | £146 | £1,337 | £19,207 | 14.4 yrs | £7,526 |
| 7 kW | 6830 kWh | 5122 kWh | 1707 kWh | £1,389 | £171 | £1,559 | £21,242 | 13.6 yrs | £9,947 |
| 8 kW | 7806 kWh | 5854 kWh | 1951 kWh | £1,587 | £195 | £1,782 | £23,276 | 13.1 yrs | £12,368 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,131, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1951 kWh | 1503 kWh | 449 kWh | £407 | £45 | £452 | £13,519 | 29.9 yrs | £-4,474 |
| 3 kW | 2927 kWh | 2254 kWh | 673 kWh | £611 | £67 | £678 | £15,554 | 22.9 yrs | £-1,987 |
| 4 kW | 3903 kWh | 3005 kWh | 898 kWh | £815 | £90 | £904 | £17,588 | 19.4 yrs | £501 |
| 5 kW | 4878 kWh | 3756 kWh | 1122 kWh | £1,018 | £112 | £1,131 | £19,623 | 17.4 yrs | £2,989 |
| 6 kW | 5854 kWh | 4508 kWh | 1346 kWh | £1,222 | £135 | £1,357 | £21,657 | 16.0 yrs | £5,477 |
| 7 kW | 6830 kWh | 5259 kWh | 1571 kWh | £1,426 | £157 | £1,583 | £23,692 | 15.0 yrs | £7,965 |
| 8 kW | 7806 kWh | 6010 kWh | 1795 kWh | £1,629 | £180 | £1,809 | £25,726 | 14.2 yrs | £10,452 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.