A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 913 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £780, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1827 kWh | 731 kWh | 1096 kWh | £203 | £110 | £312 | £4,069 | 13.0 yrs | £2,174 |
| 3 kW | 2740 kWh | 1096 kWh | 1644 kWh | £304 | £164 | £468 | £6,104 | 13.0 yrs | £3,261 |
| 4 kW | 3654 kWh | 1461 kWh | 2192 kWh | £405 | £219 | £624 | £8,138 | 13.0 yrs | £4,349 |
| 5 kW | 4567 kWh | 1827 kWh | 2740 kWh | £506 | £274 | £780 | £10,173 | 13.0 yrs | £5,436 |
| 6 kW | 5480 kWh | 2192 kWh | 3288 kWh | £608 | £329 | £936 | £12,207 | 13.0 yrs | £6,523 |
| 7 kW | 6394 kWh | 2558 kWh | 3836 kWh | £709 | £384 | £1,093 | £14,242 | 13.0 yrs | £7,610 |
| 8 kW | 7307 kWh | 2923 kWh | 4384 kWh | £810 | £438 | £1,249 | £16,276 | 13.0 yrs | £8,697 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £942, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1827 kWh | 1096 kWh | 731 kWh | £304 | £73 | £377 | £6,169 | 16.4 yrs | £1,369 |
| 3 kW | 2740 kWh | 1644 kWh | 1096 kWh | £456 | £110 | £565 | £8,204 | 14.5 yrs | £3,104 |
| 4 kW | 3654 kWh | 2192 kWh | 1461 kWh | £608 | £146 | £754 | £10,238 | 13.6 yrs | £4,838 |
| 5 kW | 4567 kWh | 2740 kWh | 1827 kWh | £760 | £183 | £942 | £12,273 | 13.0 yrs | £6,573 |
| 6 kW | 5480 kWh | 3288 kWh | 2192 kWh | £912 | £219 | £1,131 | £14,307 | 12.7 yrs | £8,307 |
| 7 kW | 6394 kWh | 3836 kWh | 2558 kWh | £1,063 | £256 | £1,319 | £16,342 | 12.4 yrs | £10,042 |
| 8 kW | 7307 kWh | 4384 kWh | 2923 kWh | £1,215 | £292 | £1,508 | £18,376 | 12.2 yrs | £11,776 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,023, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1827 kWh | 1279 kWh | 548 kWh | £354 | £55 | £409 | £7,569 | 18.5 yrs | £617 |
| 3 kW | 2740 kWh | 1918 kWh | 822 kWh | £532 | £82 | £614 | £9,604 | 15.6 yrs | £2,675 |
| 4 kW | 3654 kWh | 2558 kWh | 1096 kWh | £709 | £110 | £819 | £11,638 | 14.2 yrs | £4,733 |
| 5 kW | 4567 kWh | 3197 kWh | 1370 kWh | £886 | £137 | £1,023 | £13,673 | 13.4 yrs | £6,791 |
| 6 kW | 5480 kWh | 3836 kWh | 1644 kWh | £1,063 | £164 | £1,228 | £15,707 | 12.8 yrs | £8,850 |
| 7 kW | 6394 kWh | 4476 kWh | 1918 kWh | £1,241 | £192 | £1,432 | £17,742 | 12.4 yrs | £10,908 |
| 8 kW | 7307 kWh | 5115 kWh | 2192 kWh | £1,418 | £219 | £1,637 | £19,776 | 12.1 yrs | £12,966 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,047, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1827 kWh | 1334 kWh | 493 kWh | £370 | £49 | £419 | £9,319 | 22.2 yrs | £-939 |
| 3 kW | 2740 kWh | 2000 kWh | 740 kWh | £554 | £74 | £628 | £11,354 | 18.1 yrs | £1,216 |
| 4 kW | 3654 kWh | 2667 kWh | 986 kWh | £739 | £99 | £838 | £13,388 | 16.0 yrs | £3,371 |
| 5 kW | 4567 kWh | 3334 kWh | 1233 kWh | £924 | £123 | £1,047 | £15,423 | 14.7 yrs | £5,527 |
| 6 kW | 5480 kWh | 4001 kWh | 1480 kWh | £1,109 | £148 | £1,257 | £17,457 | 13.9 yrs | £7,682 |
| 7 kW | 6394 kWh | 4667 kWh | 1726 kWh | £1,294 | £173 | £1,466 | £19,492 | 13.3 yrs | £9,838 |
| 8 kW | 7307 kWh | 5334 kWh | 1973 kWh | £1,479 | £197 | £1,676 | £21,526 | 12.8 yrs | £11,993 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,064, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1827 kWh | 1370 kWh | 457 kWh | £380 | £46 | £425 | £11,069 | 26.0 yrs | £-2,560 |
| 3 kW | 2740 kWh | 2055 kWh | 685 kWh | £570 | £69 | £638 | £13,104 | 20.5 yrs | £-340 |
| 4 kW | 3654 kWh | 2740 kWh | 913 kWh | £760 | £91 | £851 | £15,138 | 17.8 yrs | £1,880 |
| 5 kW | 4567 kWh | 3425 kWh | 1142 kWh | £949 | £114 | £1,064 | £17,173 | 16.1 yrs | £4,101 |
| 6 kW | 5480 kWh | 4110 kWh | 1370 kWh | £1,139 | £137 | £1,276 | £19,207 | 15.0 yrs | £6,321 |
| 7 kW | 6394 kWh | 4795 kWh | 1598 kWh | £1,329 | £160 | £1,489 | £21,242 | 14.3 yrs | £8,541 |
| 8 kW | 7307 kWh | 5480 kWh | 1827 kWh | £1,519 | £183 | £1,702 | £23,276 | 13.7 yrs | £10,761 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,080, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1827 kWh | 1407 kWh | 420 kWh | £390 | £42 | £432 | £13,519 | 31.3 yrs | £-4,880 |
| 3 kW | 2740 kWh | 2110 kWh | 630 kWh | £585 | £63 | £648 | £15,554 | 24.0 yrs | £-2,595 |
| 4 kW | 3654 kWh | 2813 kWh | 840 kWh | £780 | £84 | £864 | £17,588 | 20.4 yrs | £-311 |
| 5 kW | 4567 kWh | 3517 kWh | 1050 kWh | £975 | £105 | £1,080 | £19,623 | 18.2 yrs | £1,974 |
| 6 kW | 5480 kWh | 4220 kWh | 1260 kWh | £1,170 | £126 | £1,296 | £21,657 | 16.7 yrs | £4,259 |
| 7 kW | 6394 kWh | 4923 kWh | 1471 kWh | £1,365 | £147 | £1,512 | £23,692 | 15.7 yrs | £6,544 |
| 8 kW | 7307 kWh | 5627 kWh | 1681 kWh | £1,560 | £168 | £1,728 | £25,726 | 14.9 yrs | £8,829 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.