A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 829 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £697, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1657 kWh | 663 kWh | 994 kWh | £179 | £99 | £279 | £4,069 | 14.6 yrs | £1,507 |
| 3 kW | 2486 kWh | 994 kWh | 1491 kWh | £269 | £149 | £418 | £6,104 | 14.6 yrs | £2,260 |
| 4 kW | 3314 kWh | 1326 kWh | 1989 kWh | £359 | £199 | £558 | £8,138 | 14.6 yrs | £3,014 |
| 5 kW | 4143 kWh | 1657 kWh | 2486 kWh | £448 | £249 | £697 | £10,173 | 14.6 yrs | £3,767 |
| 6 kW | 4971 kWh | 1989 kWh | 2983 kWh | £538 | £298 | £836 | £12,207 | 14.6 yrs | £4,520 |
| 7 kW | 5800 kWh | 2320 kWh | 3480 kWh | £628 | £348 | £976 | £14,242 | 14.6 yrs | £5,274 |
| 8 kW | 6628 kWh | 2651 kWh | 3977 kWh | £717 | £398 | £1,115 | £16,276 | 14.6 yrs | £6,027 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £838, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1657 kWh | 994 kWh | 663 kWh | £269 | £66 | £335 | £6,169 | 18.4 yrs | £538 |
| 3 kW | 2486 kWh | 1491 kWh | 994 kWh | £404 | £99 | £503 | £8,204 | 16.3 yrs | £1,856 |
| 4 kW | 3314 kWh | 1989 kWh | 1326 kWh | £538 | £133 | £671 | £10,238 | 15.3 yrs | £3,175 |
| 5 kW | 4143 kWh | 2486 kWh | 1657 kWh | £673 | £166 | £838 | £12,273 | 14.6 yrs | £4,494 |
| 6 kW | 4971 kWh | 2983 kWh | 1989 kWh | £807 | £199 | £1,006 | £14,307 | 14.2 yrs | £5,813 |
| 7 kW | 5800 kWh | 3480 kWh | 2320 kWh | £942 | £232 | £1,174 | £16,342 | 13.9 yrs | £7,132 |
| 8 kW | 6628 kWh | 3977 kWh | 2651 kWh | £1,076 | £265 | £1,341 | £18,376 | 13.7 yrs | £8,450 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £909, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1657 kWh | 1160 kWh | 497 kWh | £314 | £50 | £364 | £7,569 | 20.8 yrs | £-297 |
| 3 kW | 2486 kWh | 1740 kWh | 746 kWh | £471 | £75 | £545 | £9,604 | 17.6 yrs | £1,304 |
| 4 kW | 3314 kWh | 2320 kWh | 994 kWh | £628 | £99 | £727 | £11,638 | 16.0 yrs | £2,906 |
| 5 kW | 4143 kWh | 2900 kWh | 1243 kWh | £785 | £124 | £909 | £13,673 | 15.0 yrs | £4,507 |
| 6 kW | 4971 kWh | 3480 kWh | 1491 kWh | £942 | £149 | £1,091 | £15,707 | 14.4 yrs | £6,109 |
| 7 kW | 5800 kWh | 4060 kWh | 1740 kWh | £1,099 | £174 | £1,273 | £17,742 | 13.9 yrs | £7,710 |
| 8 kW | 6628 kWh | 4640 kWh | 1989 kWh | £1,256 | £199 | £1,454 | £19,776 | 13.6 yrs | £9,312 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £930, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1657 kWh | 1210 kWh | 447 kWh | £327 | £45 | £372 | £9,319 | 25.0 yrs | £-1,877 |
| 3 kW | 2486 kWh | 1815 kWh | 671 kWh | £491 | £67 | £558 | £11,354 | 20.3 yrs | £-191 |
| 4 kW | 3314 kWh | 2419 kWh | 895 kWh | £655 | £89 | £744 | £13,388 | 18.0 yrs | £1,495 |
| 5 kW | 4143 kWh | 3024 kWh | 1119 kWh | £818 | £112 | £930 | £15,423 | 16.6 yrs | £3,182 |
| 6 kW | 4971 kWh | 3629 kWh | 1342 kWh | £982 | £134 | £1,116 | £17,457 | 15.6 yrs | £4,868 |
| 7 kW | 5800 kWh | 4234 kWh | 1566 kWh | £1,146 | £157 | £1,302 | £19,492 | 15.0 yrs | £6,554 |
| 8 kW | 6628 kWh | 4839 kWh | 1790 kWh | £1,309 | £179 | £1,488 | £21,526 | 14.5 yrs | £8,240 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £944, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1657 kWh | 1243 kWh | 414 kWh | £336 | £41 | £378 | £11,069 | 29.3 yrs | £-3,514 |
| 3 kW | 2486 kWh | 1864 kWh | 621 kWh | £504 | £62 | £567 | £13,104 | 23.1 yrs | £-1,771 |
| 4 kW | 3314 kWh | 2486 kWh | 829 kWh | £673 | £83 | £755 | £15,138 | 20.0 yrs | £-29 |
| 5 kW | 4143 kWh | 3107 kWh | 1036 kWh | £841 | £104 | £944 | £17,173 | 18.2 yrs | £1,714 |
| 6 kW | 4971 kWh | 3728 kWh | 1243 kWh | £1,009 | £124 | £1,133 | £19,207 | 16.9 yrs | £3,457 |
| 7 kW | 5800 kWh | 4350 kWh | 1450 kWh | £1,177 | £145 | £1,322 | £21,242 | 16.1 yrs | £5,200 |
| 8 kW | 6628 kWh | 4971 kWh | 1657 kWh | £1,345 | £166 | £1,511 | £23,276 | 15.4 yrs | £6,943 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £958, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1657 kWh | 1276 kWh | 381 kWh | £345 | £38 | £383 | £13,519 | 35.3 yrs | £-5,851 |
| 3 kW | 2486 kWh | 1914 kWh | 572 kWh | £518 | £57 | £575 | £15,554 | 27.0 yrs | £-4,052 |
| 4 kW | 3314 kWh | 2552 kWh | 762 kWh | £691 | £76 | £767 | £17,588 | 22.9 yrs | £-2,252 |
| 5 kW | 4143 kWh | 3190 kWh | 953 kWh | £863 | £95 | £958 | £19,623 | 20.5 yrs | £-453 |
| 6 kW | 4971 kWh | 3828 kWh | 1143 kWh | £1,036 | £114 | £1,150 | £21,657 | 18.8 yrs | £1,346 |
| 7 kW | 5800 kWh | 4466 kWh | 1334 kWh | £1,208 | £133 | £1,342 | £23,692 | 17.7 yrs | £3,146 |
| 8 kW | 6628 kWh | 5104 kWh | 1525 kWh | £1,381 | £152 | £1,534 | £25,726 | 16.8 yrs | £4,945 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.