A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 823 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £692, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1645 kWh | 658 kWh | 987 kWh | £178 | £99 | £277 | £4,069 | 14.7 yrs | £1,467 |
| 3 kW | 2468 kWh | 987 kWh | 1481 kWh | £267 | £148 | £415 | £6,104 | 14.7 yrs | £2,201 |
| 4 kW | 3291 kWh | 1316 kWh | 1974 kWh | £356 | £197 | £554 | £8,138 | 14.7 yrs | £2,935 |
| 5 kW | 4113 kWh | 1645 kWh | 2468 kWh | £445 | £247 | £692 | £10,173 | 14.7 yrs | £3,668 |
| 6 kW | 4936 kWh | 1974 kWh | 2962 kWh | £534 | £296 | £830 | £12,207 | 14.7 yrs | £4,402 |
| 7 kW | 5759 kWh | 2304 kWh | 3455 kWh | £623 | £346 | £969 | £14,242 | 14.7 yrs | £5,136 |
| 8 kW | 6581 kWh | 2633 kWh | 3949 kWh | £712 | £395 | £1,107 | £16,276 | 14.7 yrs | £5,869 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £832, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1645 kWh | 987 kWh | 658 kWh | £267 | £66 | £333 | £6,169 | 18.5 yrs | £490 |
| 3 kW | 2468 kWh | 1481 kWh | 987 kWh | £401 | £99 | £499 | £8,204 | 16.4 yrs | £1,785 |
| 4 kW | 3291 kWh | 1974 kWh | 1316 kWh | £534 | £132 | £666 | £10,238 | 15.4 yrs | £3,080 |
| 5 kW | 4113 kWh | 2468 kWh | 1645 kWh | £668 | £165 | £832 | £12,273 | 14.7 yrs | £4,375 |
| 6 kW | 4936 kWh | 2962 kWh | 1974 kWh | £801 | £197 | £999 | £14,307 | 14.3 yrs | £5,670 |
| 7 kW | 5759 kWh | 3455 kWh | 2304 kWh | £935 | £230 | £1,165 | £16,342 | 14.0 yrs | £6,965 |
| 8 kW | 6581 kWh | 3949 kWh | 2633 kWh | £1,069 | £263 | £1,332 | £18,376 | 13.8 yrs | £8,260 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £903, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1645 kWh | 1152 kWh | 494 kWh | £312 | £49 | £361 | £7,569 | 21.0 yrs | £-349 |
| 3 kW | 2468 kWh | 1728 kWh | 740 kWh | £467 | £74 | £542 | £9,604 | 17.7 yrs | £1,227 |
| 4 kW | 3291 kWh | 2304 kWh | 987 kWh | £623 | £99 | £722 | £11,638 | 16.1 yrs | £2,803 |
| 5 kW | 4113 kWh | 2879 kWh | 1234 kWh | £779 | £123 | £903 | £13,673 | 15.1 yrs | £4,379 |
| 6 kW | 4936 kWh | 3455 kWh | 1481 kWh | £935 | £148 | £1,083 | £15,707 | 14.5 yrs | £5,954 |
| 7 kW | 5759 kWh | 4031 kWh | 1728 kWh | £1,091 | £173 | £1,264 | £17,742 | 14.0 yrs | £7,530 |
| 8 kW | 6581 kWh | 4607 kWh | 1974 kWh | £1,247 | £197 | £1,444 | £19,776 | 13.7 yrs | £9,106 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £924, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1645 kWh | 1201 kWh | 444 kWh | £325 | £44 | £369 | £9,319 | 25.2 yrs | £-1,930 |
| 3 kW | 2468 kWh | 1802 kWh | 666 kWh | £488 | £67 | £554 | £11,354 | 20.5 yrs | £-270 |
| 4 kW | 3291 kWh | 2402 kWh | 888 kWh | £650 | £89 | £739 | £13,388 | 18.1 yrs | £1,390 |
| 5 kW | 4113 kWh | 3003 kWh | 1111 kWh | £813 | £111 | £924 | £15,423 | 16.7 yrs | £3,050 |
| 6 kW | 4936 kWh | 3603 kWh | 1333 kWh | £975 | £133 | £1,108 | £17,457 | 15.8 yrs | £4,710 |
| 7 kW | 5759 kWh | 4204 kWh | 1555 kWh | £1,138 | £155 | £1,293 | £19,492 | 15.1 yrs | £6,370 |
| 8 kW | 6581 kWh | 4804 kWh | 1777 kWh | £1,300 | £178 | £1,478 | £21,526 | 14.6 yrs | £8,030 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £938, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1645 kWh | 1234 kWh | 411 kWh | £334 | £41 | £375 | £11,069 | 29.5 yrs | £-3,568 |
| 3 kW | 2468 kWh | 1851 kWh | 617 kWh | £501 | £62 | £563 | £13,104 | 23.3 yrs | £-1,852 |
| 4 kW | 3291 kWh | 2468 kWh | 823 kWh | £668 | £82 | £750 | £15,138 | 20.2 yrs | £-136 |
| 5 kW | 4113 kWh | 3085 kWh | 1028 kWh | £835 | £103 | £938 | £17,173 | 18.3 yrs | £1,580 |
| 6 kW | 4936 kWh | 3702 kWh | 1234 kWh | £1,002 | £123 | £1,125 | £19,207 | 17.1 yrs | £3,297 |
| 7 kW | 5759 kWh | 4319 kWh | 1440 kWh | £1,169 | £144 | £1,313 | £21,242 | 16.2 yrs | £5,013 |
| 8 kW | 6581 kWh | 4936 kWh | 1645 kWh | £1,336 | £165 | £1,500 | £23,276 | 15.5 yrs | £6,729 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £952, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1645 kWh | 1267 kWh | 378 kWh | £343 | £38 | £381 | £13,519 | 35.5 yrs | £-5,906 |
| 3 kW | 2468 kWh | 1900 kWh | 568 kWh | £514 | £57 | £571 | £15,554 | 27.2 yrs | £-4,133 |
| 4 kW | 3291 kWh | 2534 kWh | 757 kWh | £686 | £76 | £761 | £17,588 | 23.1 yrs | £-2,361 |
| 5 kW | 4113 kWh | 3167 kWh | 946 kWh | £857 | £95 | £952 | £19,623 | 20.6 yrs | £-589 |
| 6 kW | 4936 kWh | 3801 kWh | 1135 kWh | £1,028 | £114 | £1,142 | £21,657 | 19.0 yrs | £1,183 |
| 7 kW | 5759 kWh | 4434 kWh | 1325 kWh | £1,200 | £132 | £1,332 | £23,692 | 17.8 yrs | £2,956 |
| 8 kW | 6581 kWh | 5068 kWh | 1514 kWh | £1,371 | £151 | £1,523 | £25,726 | 16.9 yrs | £4,728 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.