A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 754 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £635, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1509 kWh | 604 kWh | 905 kWh | £163 | £91 | £254 | £4,069 | 16.0 yrs | £1,008 |
| 3 kW | 2263 kWh | 905 kWh | 1358 kWh | £245 | £136 | £381 | £6,104 | 16.0 yrs | £1,511 |
| 4 kW | 3018 kWh | 1207 kWh | 1811 kWh | £327 | £181 | £508 | £8,138 | 16.0 yrs | £2,015 |
| 5 kW | 3772 kWh | 1509 kWh | 2263 kWh | £408 | £226 | £635 | £10,173 | 16.0 yrs | £2,519 |
| 6 kW | 4526 kWh | 1811 kWh | 2716 kWh | £490 | £272 | £762 | £12,207 | 16.0 yrs | £3,023 |
| 7 kW | 5281 kWh | 2112 kWh | 3168 kWh | £572 | £317 | £888 | £14,242 | 16.0 yrs | £3,527 |
| 8 kW | 6035 kWh | 2414 kWh | 3621 kWh | £653 | £362 | £1,015 | £16,276 | 16.0 yrs | £4,031 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £763, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1509 kWh | 905 kWh | 604 kWh | £245 | £60 | £305 | £6,169 | 20.2 yrs | £-63 |
| 3 kW | 2263 kWh | 1358 kWh | 905 kWh | £367 | £91 | £458 | £8,204 | 17.9 yrs | £956 |
| 4 kW | 3018 kWh | 1811 kWh | 1207 kWh | £490 | £121 | £611 | £10,238 | 16.8 yrs | £1,974 |
| 5 kW | 3772 kWh | 2263 kWh | 1509 kWh | £612 | £151 | £763 | £12,273 | 16.1 yrs | £2,993 |
| 6 kW | 4526 kWh | 2716 kWh | 1811 kWh | £735 | £181 | £916 | £14,307 | 15.6 yrs | £4,012 |
| 7 kW | 5281 kWh | 3168 kWh | 2112 kWh | £857 | £211 | £1,069 | £16,342 | 15.3 yrs | £5,030 |
| 8 kW | 6035 kWh | 3621 kWh | 2414 kWh | £980 | £241 | £1,221 | £18,376 | 15.0 yrs | £6,049 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £828, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 16.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1509 kWh | 1056 kWh | 453 kWh | £286 | £45 | £331 | £7,569 | 22.9 yrs | £-948 |
| 3 kW | 2263 kWh | 1584 kWh | 679 kWh | £429 | £68 | £497 | £9,604 | 19.3 yrs | £328 |
| 4 kW | 3018 kWh | 2112 kWh | 905 kWh | £572 | £91 | £662 | £11,638 | 17.6 yrs | £1,604 |
| 5 kW | 3772 kWh | 2640 kWh | 1132 kWh | £714 | £113 | £828 | £13,673 | 16.5 yrs | £2,880 |
| 6 kW | 4526 kWh | 3168 kWh | 1358 kWh | £857 | £136 | £993 | £15,707 | 15.8 yrs | £4,156 |
| 7 kW | 5281 kWh | 3696 kWh | 1584 kWh | £1,000 | £158 | £1,159 | £17,742 | 15.3 yrs | £5,432 |
| 8 kW | 6035 kWh | 4225 kWh | 1811 kWh | £1,143 | £181 | £1,324 | £19,776 | 14.9 yrs | £6,708 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £847, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 18.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1509 kWh | 1101 kWh | 407 kWh | £298 | £41 | £339 | £9,319 | 27.5 yrs | £-2,544 |
| 3 kW | 2263 kWh | 1652 kWh | 611 kWh | £447 | £61 | £508 | £11,354 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,190 |
| 4 kW | 3018 kWh | 2203 kWh | 815 kWh | £596 | £81 | £678 | £13,388 | 19.8 yrs | £163 |
| 5 kW | 3772 kWh | 2753 kWh | 1018 kWh | £745 | £102 | £847 | £15,423 | 18.2 yrs | £1,516 |
| 6 kW | 4526 kWh | 3304 kWh | 1222 kWh | £894 | £122 | £1,016 | £17,457 | 17.2 yrs | £2,869 |
| 7 kW | 5281 kWh | 3855 kWh | 1426 kWh | £1,043 | £143 | £1,186 | £19,492 | 16.4 yrs | £4,223 |
| 8 kW | 6035 kWh | 4406 kWh | 1629 kWh | £1,192 | £163 | £1,355 | £21,526 | 15.9 yrs | £5,576 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £860, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 20.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1509 kWh | 1132 kWh | 377 kWh | £306 | £38 | £344 | £11,069 | 32.2 yrs | £-4,191 |
| 3 kW | 2263 kWh | 1697 kWh | 566 kWh | £459 | £57 | £516 | £13,104 | 25.4 yrs | £-2,786 |
| 4 kW | 3018 kWh | 2263 kWh | 754 kWh | £612 | £75 | £688 | £15,138 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,381 |
| 5 kW | 3772 kWh | 2829 kWh | 943 kWh | £766 | £94 | £860 | £17,173 | 20.0 yrs | £24 |
| 6 kW | 4526 kWh | 3395 kWh | 1132 kWh | £919 | £113 | £1,032 | £19,207 | 18.6 yrs | £1,428 |
| 7 kW | 5281 kWh | 3960 kWh | 1320 kWh | £1,072 | £132 | £1,204 | £21,242 | 17.6 yrs | £2,833 |
| 8 kW | 6035 kWh | 4526 kWh | 1509 kWh | £1,225 | £151 | £1,376 | £23,276 | 16.9 yrs | £4,238 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £873, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 22.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1509 kWh | 1162 kWh | 347 kWh | £314 | £35 | £349 | £13,519 | 38.7 yrs | £-6,538 |
| 3 kW | 2263 kWh | 1743 kWh | 521 kWh | £472 | £52 | £524 | £15,554 | 29.7 yrs | £-5,081 |
| 4 kW | 3018 kWh | 2323 kWh | 694 kWh | £629 | £69 | £698 | £17,588 | 25.2 yrs | £-3,625 |
| 5 kW | 3772 kWh | 2904 kWh | 868 kWh | £786 | £87 | £873 | £19,623 | 22.5 yrs | £-2,169 |
| 6 kW | 4526 kWh | 3485 kWh | 1041 kWh | £943 | £104 | £1,047 | £21,657 | 20.7 yrs | £-713 |
| 7 kW | 5281 kWh | 4066 kWh | 1215 kWh | £1,100 | £121 | £1,222 | £23,692 | 19.4 yrs | £743 |
| 8 kW | 6035 kWh | 4647 kWh | 1388 kWh | £1,257 | £139 | £1,396 | £25,726 | 18.4 yrs | £2,199 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.