A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 793 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £667, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1586 kWh | 634 kWh | 952 kWh | £172 | £95 | £267 | £4,069 | 15.2 yrs | £1,268 |
| 3 kW | 2379 kWh | 952 kWh | 1428 kWh | £258 | £143 | £400 | £6,104 | 15.2 yrs | £1,903 |
| 4 kW | 3172 kWh | 1269 kWh | 1903 kWh | £343 | £190 | £534 | £8,138 | 15.2 yrs | £2,537 |
| 5 kW | 3966 kWh | 1586 kWh | 2379 kWh | £429 | £238 | £667 | £10,173 | 15.2 yrs | £3,171 |
| 6 kW | 4759 kWh | 1903 kWh | 2855 kWh | £515 | £286 | £801 | £12,207 | 15.2 yrs | £3,805 |
| 7 kW | 5552 kWh | 2221 kWh | 3331 kWh | £601 | £333 | £934 | £14,242 | 15.2 yrs | £4,439 |
| 8 kW | 6345 kWh | 2538 kWh | 3807 kWh | £687 | £381 | £1,067 | £16,276 | 15.2 yrs | £5,073 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £802, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1586 kWh | 952 kWh | 634 kWh | £258 | £63 | £321 | £6,169 | 19.2 yrs | £251 |
| 3 kW | 2379 kWh | 1428 kWh | 952 kWh | £386 | £95 | £481 | £8,204 | 17.0 yrs | £1,426 |
| 4 kW | 3172 kWh | 1903 kWh | 1269 kWh | £515 | £127 | £642 | £10,238 | 15.9 yrs | £2,602 |
| 5 kW | 3966 kWh | 2379 kWh | 1586 kWh | £644 | £159 | £802 | £12,273 | 15.3 yrs | £3,777 |
| 6 kW | 4759 kWh | 2855 kWh | 1903 kWh | £773 | £190 | £963 | £14,307 | 14.9 yrs | £4,952 |
| 7 kW | 5552 kWh | 3331 kWh | 2221 kWh | £901 | £222 | £1,123 | £16,342 | 14.5 yrs | £6,128 |
| 8 kW | 6345 kWh | 3807 kWh | 2538 kWh | £1,030 | £254 | £1,284 | £18,376 | 14.3 yrs | £7,303 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £870, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1586 kWh | 1110 kWh | 476 kWh | £300 | £48 | £348 | £7,569 | 21.7 yrs | £-608 |
| 3 kW | 2379 kWh | 1666 kWh | 714 kWh | £451 | £71 | £522 | £9,604 | 18.4 yrs | £838 |
| 4 kW | 3172 kWh | 2221 kWh | 952 kWh | £601 | £95 | £696 | £11,638 | 16.7 yrs | £2,284 |
| 5 kW | 3966 kWh | 2776 kWh | 1190 kWh | £751 | £119 | £870 | £13,673 | 15.7 yrs | £3,730 |
| 6 kW | 4759 kWh | 3331 kWh | 1428 kWh | £901 | £143 | £1,044 | £15,707 | 15.0 yrs | £5,176 |
| 7 kW | 5552 kWh | 3886 kWh | 1666 kWh | £1,052 | £167 | £1,218 | £17,742 | 14.6 yrs | £6,622 |
| 8 kW | 6345 kWh | 4441 kWh | 1903 kWh | £1,202 | £190 | £1,392 | £19,776 | 14.2 yrs | £8,068 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £890, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1586 kWh | 1158 kWh | 428 kWh | £313 | £43 | £356 | £9,319 | 26.2 yrs | £-2,196 |
| 3 kW | 2379 kWh | 1737 kWh | 642 kWh | £470 | £64 | £534 | £11,354 | 21.3 yrs | £-668 |
| 4 kW | 3172 kWh | 2316 kWh | 857 kWh | £627 | £86 | £712 | £13,388 | 18.8 yrs | £859 |
| 5 kW | 3966 kWh | 2895 kWh | 1071 kWh | £783 | £107 | £890 | £15,423 | 17.3 yrs | £2,386 |
| 6 kW | 4759 kWh | 3474 kWh | 1285 kWh | £940 | £128 | £1,069 | £17,457 | 16.3 yrs | £3,913 |
| 7 kW | 5552 kWh | 4053 kWh | 1499 kWh | £1,097 | £150 | £1,247 | £19,492 | 15.6 yrs | £5,440 |
| 8 kW | 6345 kWh | 4632 kWh | 1713 kWh | £1,253 | £171 | £1,425 | £21,526 | 15.1 yrs | £6,968 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £904, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 19.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1586 kWh | 1190 kWh | 397 kWh | £322 | £40 | £362 | £11,069 | 30.6 yrs | £-3,837 |
| 3 kW | 2379 kWh | 1785 kWh | 595 kWh | £483 | £59 | £542 | £13,104 | 24.2 yrs | £-2,256 |
| 4 kW | 3172 kWh | 2379 kWh | 793 kWh | £644 | £79 | £723 | £15,138 | 20.9 yrs | £-675 |
| 5 kW | 3966 kWh | 2974 kWh | 991 kWh | £805 | £99 | £904 | £17,173 | 19.0 yrs | £907 |
| 6 kW | 4759 kWh | 3569 kWh | 1190 kWh | £966 | £119 | £1,085 | £19,207 | 17.7 yrs | £2,488 |
| 7 kW | 5552 kWh | 4164 kWh | 1388 kWh | £1,127 | £139 | £1,266 | £21,242 | 16.8 yrs | £4,069 |
| 8 kW | 6345 kWh | 4759 kWh | 1586 kWh | £1,288 | £159 | £1,446 | £23,276 | 16.1 yrs | £5,651 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £917, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1586 kWh | 1221 kWh | 365 kWh | £331 | £36 | £367 | £13,519 | 36.8 yrs | £-6,179 |
| 3 kW | 2379 kWh | 1832 kWh | 547 kWh | £496 | £55 | £550 | £15,554 | 28.3 yrs | £-4,544 |
| 4 kW | 3172 kWh | 2443 kWh | 730 kWh | £661 | £73 | £734 | £17,588 | 24.0 yrs | £-2,908 |
| 5 kW | 3966 kWh | 3054 kWh | 912 kWh | £826 | £91 | £917 | £19,623 | 21.4 yrs | £-1,273 |
| 6 kW | 4759 kWh | 3664 kWh | 1095 kWh | £992 | £109 | £1,101 | £21,657 | 19.7 yrs | £363 |
| 7 kW | 5552 kWh | 4275 kWh | 1277 kWh | £1,157 | £128 | £1,284 | £23,692 | 18.4 yrs | £1,998 |
| 8 kW | 6345 kWh | 4886 kWh | 1459 kWh | £1,322 | £146 | £1,468 | £25,726 | 17.5 yrs | £3,634 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.