A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 729 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £613, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1458 kWh | 583 kWh | 875 kWh | £158 | £87 | £245 | £4,069 | 16.6 yrs | £837 |
| 3 kW | 2187 kWh | 875 kWh | 1312 kWh | £237 | £131 | £368 | £6,104 | 16.6 yrs | £1,255 |
| 4 kW | 2916 kWh | 1166 kWh | 1750 kWh | £316 | £175 | £491 | £8,138 | 16.6 yrs | £1,673 |
| 5 kW | 3645 kWh | 1458 kWh | 2187 kWh | £395 | £219 | £613 | £10,173 | 16.6 yrs | £2,091 |
| 6 kW | 4374 kWh | 1750 kWh | 2624 kWh | £473 | £262 | £736 | £12,207 | 16.6 yrs | £2,510 |
| 7 kW | 5103 kWh | 2041 kWh | 3062 kWh | £552 | £306 | £858 | £14,242 | 16.6 yrs | £2,928 |
| 8 kW | 5832 kWh | 2333 kWh | 3499 kWh | £631 | £350 | £981 | £16,276 | 16.6 yrs | £3,346 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £738, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1458 kWh | 875 kWh | 583 kWh | £237 | £58 | £295 | £6,169 | 20.9 yrs | £-269 |
| 3 kW | 2187 kWh | 1312 kWh | 875 kWh | £355 | £87 | £443 | £8,204 | 18.5 yrs | £647 |
| 4 kW | 2916 kWh | 1750 kWh | 1166 kWh | £473 | £117 | £590 | £10,238 | 17.4 yrs | £1,563 |
| 5 kW | 3645 kWh | 2187 kWh | 1458 kWh | £592 | £146 | £738 | £12,273 | 16.6 yrs | £2,479 |
| 6 kW | 4374 kWh | 2624 kWh | 1750 kWh | £710 | £175 | £885 | £14,307 | 16.2 yrs | £3,394 |
| 7 kW | 5103 kWh | 3062 kWh | 2041 kWh | £828 | £204 | £1,033 | £16,342 | 15.8 yrs | £4,310 |
| 8 kW | 5832 kWh | 3499 kWh | 2333 kWh | £947 | £233 | £1,180 | £18,376 | 15.6 yrs | £5,226 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £800, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1458 kWh | 1021 kWh | 437 kWh | £276 | £44 | £320 | £7,569 | 23.7 yrs | £-1,171 |
| 3 kW | 2187 kWh | 1531 kWh | 656 kWh | £414 | £66 | £480 | £9,604 | 20.0 yrs | £-7 |
| 4 kW | 2916 kWh | 2041 kWh | 875 kWh | £552 | £87 | £640 | £11,638 | 18.2 yrs | £1,158 |
| 5 kW | 3645 kWh | 2551 kWh | 1093 kWh | £690 | £109 | £800 | £13,673 | 17.1 yrs | £2,322 |
| 6 kW | 4374 kWh | 3062 kWh | 1312 kWh | £828 | £131 | £960 | £15,707 | 16.4 yrs | £3,487 |
| 7 kW | 5103 kWh | 3572 kWh | 1531 kWh | £967 | £153 | £1,120 | £17,742 | 15.8 yrs | £4,651 |
| 8 kW | 5832 kWh | 4082 kWh | 1750 kWh | £1,105 | £175 | £1,280 | £19,776 | 15.5 yrs | £5,816 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £818, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 18.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1458 kWh | 1064 kWh | 394 kWh | £288 | £39 | £327 | £9,319 | 28.5 yrs | £-2,772 |
| 3 kW | 2187 kWh | 1596 kWh | 590 kWh | £432 | £59 | £491 | £11,354 | 23.1 yrs | £-1,533 |
| 4 kW | 2916 kWh | 2129 kWh | 787 kWh | £576 | £79 | £655 | £13,388 | 20.4 yrs | £-294 |
| 5 kW | 3645 kWh | 2661 kWh | 984 kWh | £720 | £98 | £818 | £15,423 | 18.8 yrs | £945 |
| 6 kW | 4374 kWh | 3193 kWh | 1181 kWh | £864 | £118 | £982 | £17,457 | 17.8 yrs | £2,184 |
| 7 kW | 5103 kWh | 3725 kWh | 1378 kWh | £1,008 | £138 | £1,146 | £19,492 | 17.0 yrs | £3,424 |
| 8 kW | 5832 kWh | 4257 kWh | 1575 kWh | £1,152 | £157 | £1,309 | £21,526 | 16.4 yrs | £4,663 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £831, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 20.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1458 kWh | 1093 kWh | 364 kWh | £296 | £36 | £332 | £11,069 | 33.3 yrs | £-4,422 |
| 3 kW | 2187 kWh | 1640 kWh | 547 kWh | £444 | £55 | £498 | £13,104 | 26.3 yrs | £-3,134 |
| 4 kW | 2916 kWh | 2187 kWh | 729 kWh | £592 | £73 | £665 | £15,138 | 22.8 yrs | £-1,845 |
| 5 kW | 3645 kWh | 2734 kWh | 911 kWh | £740 | £91 | £831 | £17,173 | 20.7 yrs | £-556 |
| 6 kW | 4374 kWh | 3280 kWh | 1093 kWh | £888 | £109 | £997 | £19,207 | 19.3 yrs | £733 |
| 7 kW | 5103 kWh | 3827 kWh | 1276 kWh | £1,036 | £128 | £1,163 | £21,242 | 18.3 yrs | £2,022 |
| 8 kW | 5832 kWh | 4374 kWh | 1458 kWh | £1,184 | £146 | £1,329 | £23,276 | 17.5 yrs | £3,311 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £843, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 23.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1458 kWh | 1123 kWh | 335 kWh | £304 | £34 | £337 | £13,519 | 40.1 yrs | £-6,773 |
| 3 kW | 2187 kWh | 1684 kWh | 503 kWh | £456 | £50 | £506 | £15,554 | 30.7 yrs | £-5,434 |
| 4 kW | 2916 kWh | 2245 kWh | 671 kWh | £608 | £67 | £675 | £17,588 | 26.1 yrs | £-4,096 |
| 5 kW | 3645 kWh | 2806 kWh | 838 kWh | £759 | £84 | £843 | £19,623 | 23.3 yrs | £-2,757 |
| 6 kW | 4374 kWh | 3368 kWh | 1006 kWh | £911 | £101 | £1,012 | £21,657 | 21.4 yrs | £-1,419 |
| 7 kW | 5103 kWh | 3929 kWh | 1174 kWh | £1,063 | £117 | £1,181 | £23,692 | 20.1 yrs | £-80 |
| 8 kW | 5832 kWh | 4490 kWh | 1341 kWh | £1,215 | £134 | £1,349 | £25,726 | 19.1 yrs | £1,259 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.