A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 718 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £604, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1436 kWh | 574 kWh | 862 kWh | £155 | £86 | £242 | £4,069 | 16.8 yrs | £763 |
| 3 kW | 2154 kWh | 862 kWh | 1292 kWh | £233 | £129 | £362 | £6,104 | 16.8 yrs | £1,144 |
| 4 kW | 2872 kWh | 1149 kWh | 1723 kWh | £311 | £172 | £483 | £8,138 | 16.8 yrs | £1,526 |
| 5 kW | 3590 kWh | 1436 kWh | 2154 kWh | £389 | £215 | £604 | £10,173 | 16.8 yrs | £1,907 |
| 6 kW | 4308 kWh | 1723 kWh | 2585 kWh | £466 | £258 | £725 | £12,207 | 16.8 yrs | £2,288 |
| 7 kW | 5026 kWh | 2010 kWh | 3016 kWh | £544 | £302 | £846 | £14,242 | 16.8 yrs | £2,670 |
| 8 kW | 5744 kWh | 2298 kWh | 3446 kWh | £622 | £345 | £966 | £16,276 | 16.8 yrs | £3,051 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £726, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1436 kWh | 862 kWh | 574 kWh | £233 | £57 | £291 | £6,169 | 21.2 yrs | £-357 |
| 3 kW | 2154 kWh | 1292 kWh | 862 kWh | £350 | £86 | £436 | £8,204 | 18.8 yrs | £514 |
| 4 kW | 2872 kWh | 1723 kWh | 1149 kWh | £466 | £115 | £581 | £10,238 | 17.6 yrs | £1,385 |
| 5 kW | 3590 kWh | 2154 kWh | 1436 kWh | £583 | £144 | £726 | £12,273 | 16.9 yrs | £2,257 |
| 6 kW | 4308 kWh | 2585 kWh | 1723 kWh | £699 | £172 | £872 | £14,307 | 16.4 yrs | £3,128 |
| 7 kW | 5026 kWh | 3016 kWh | 2010 kWh | £816 | £201 | £1,017 | £16,342 | 16.1 yrs | £3,999 |
| 8 kW | 5744 kWh | 3446 kWh | 2298 kWh | £933 | £230 | £1,162 | £18,376 | 15.8 yrs | £4,871 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £788, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 17.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1436 kWh | 1005 kWh | 431 kWh | £272 | £43 | £315 | £7,569 | 24.0 yrs | £-1,267 |
| 3 kW | 2154 kWh | 1508 kWh | 646 kWh | £408 | £65 | £473 | £9,604 | 20.3 yrs | £-151 |
| 4 kW | 2872 kWh | 2010 kWh | 862 kWh | £544 | £86 | £630 | £11,638 | 18.5 yrs | £965 |
| 5 kW | 3590 kWh | 2513 kWh | 1077 kWh | £680 | £108 | £788 | £13,673 | 17.4 yrs | £2,082 |
| 6 kW | 4308 kWh | 3016 kWh | 1292 kWh | £816 | £129 | £945 | £15,707 | 16.6 yrs | £3,198 |
| 7 kW | 5026 kWh | 3518 kWh | 1508 kWh | £952 | £151 | £1,103 | £17,742 | 16.1 yrs | £4,314 |
| 8 kW | 5744 kWh | 4021 kWh | 1723 kWh | £1,088 | £172 | £1,260 | £19,776 | 15.7 yrs | £5,431 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £806, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 19.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1436 kWh | 1048 kWh | 388 kWh | £284 | £39 | £322 | £9,319 | 28.9 yrs | £-2,870 |
| 3 kW | 2154 kWh | 1572 kWh | 582 kWh | £425 | £58 | £484 | £11,354 | 23.5 yrs | £-1,681 |
| 4 kW | 2872 kWh | 2097 kWh | 775 kWh | £567 | £78 | £645 | £13,388 | 20.8 yrs | £-491 |
| 5 kW | 3590 kWh | 2621 kWh | 969 kWh | £709 | £97 | £806 | £15,423 | 19.1 yrs | £699 |
| 6 kW | 4308 kWh | 3145 kWh | 1163 kWh | £851 | £116 | £967 | £17,457 | 18.0 yrs | £1,889 |
| 7 kW | 5026 kWh | 3669 kWh | 1357 kWh | £993 | £136 | £1,129 | £19,492 | 17.3 yrs | £3,079 |
| 8 kW | 5744 kWh | 4193 kWh | 1551 kWh | £1,135 | £155 | £1,290 | £21,526 | 16.7 yrs | £4,268 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £818, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 21.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1436 kWh | 1077 kWh | 359 kWh | £291 | £36 | £327 | £11,069 | 33.8 yrs | £-4,522 |
| 3 kW | 2154 kWh | 1615 kWh | 538 kWh | £437 | £54 | £491 | £13,104 | 26.7 yrs | £-3,284 |
| 4 kW | 2872 kWh | 2154 kWh | 718 kWh | £583 | £72 | £655 | £15,138 | 23.1 yrs | £-2,045 |
| 5 kW | 3590 kWh | 2692 kWh | 897 kWh | £729 | £90 | £818 | £17,173 | 21.0 yrs | £-806 |
| 6 kW | 4308 kWh | 3231 kWh | 1077 kWh | £874 | £108 | £982 | £19,207 | 19.6 yrs | £433 |
| 7 kW | 5026 kWh | 3769 kWh | 1256 kWh | £1,020 | £126 | £1,146 | £21,242 | 18.5 yrs | £1,672 |
| 8 kW | 5744 kWh | 4308 kWh | 1436 kWh | £1,166 | £144 | £1,309 | £23,276 | 17.8 yrs | £2,910 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £831, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 23.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1436 kWh | 1106 kWh | 330 kWh | £299 | £33 | £332 | £13,519 | 40.7 yrs | £-6,874 |
| 3 kW | 2154 kWh | 1659 kWh | 495 kWh | £449 | £50 | £498 | £15,554 | 31.2 yrs | £-5,587 |
| 4 kW | 2872 kWh | 2211 kWh | 661 kWh | £598 | £66 | £664 | £17,588 | 26.5 yrs | £-4,299 |
| 5 kW | 3590 kWh | 2764 kWh | 826 kWh | £748 | £83 | £831 | £19,623 | 23.6 yrs | £-3,011 |
| 6 kW | 4308 kWh | 3317 kWh | 991 kWh | £898 | £99 | £997 | £21,657 | 21.7 yrs | £-1,723 |
| 7 kW | 5026 kWh | 3870 kWh | 1156 kWh | £1,047 | £116 | £1,163 | £23,692 | 20.4 yrs | £-435 |
| 8 kW | 5744 kWh | 4423 kWh | 1321 kWh | £1,197 | £132 | £1,329 | £25,726 | 19.4 yrs | £852 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.