A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 836 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £704, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1673 kWh | 669 kWh | 1004 kWh | £181 | £100 | £281 | £4,069 | 14.5 yrs | £1,559 |
| 3 kW | 2509 kWh | 1004 kWh | 1505 kWh | £272 | £151 | £422 | £6,104 | 14.5 yrs | £2,339 |
| 4 kW | 3345 kWh | 1338 kWh | 2007 kWh | £362 | £201 | £563 | £8,138 | 14.5 yrs | £3,119 |
| 5 kW | 4182 kWh | 1673 kWh | 2509 kWh | £453 | £251 | £704 | £10,173 | 14.5 yrs | £3,899 |
| 6 kW | 5018 kWh | 2007 kWh | 3011 kWh | £543 | £301 | £844 | £12,207 | 14.5 yrs | £4,678 |
| 7 kW | 5855 kWh | 2342 kWh | 3513 kWh | £634 | £351 | £985 | £14,242 | 14.5 yrs | £5,458 |
| 8 kW | 6691 kWh | 2676 kWh | 4015 kWh | £724 | £401 | £1,126 | £16,276 | 14.5 yrs | £6,238 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £846, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1673 kWh | 1004 kWh | 669 kWh | £272 | £67 | £338 | £6,169 | 18.2 yrs | £601 |
| 3 kW | 2509 kWh | 1505 kWh | 1004 kWh | £407 | £100 | £508 | £8,204 | 16.2 yrs | £1,951 |
| 4 kW | 3345 kWh | 2007 kWh | 1338 kWh | £543 | £134 | £677 | £10,238 | 15.1 yrs | £3,302 |
| 5 kW | 4182 kWh | 2509 kWh | 1673 kWh | £679 | £167 | £846 | £12,273 | 14.5 yrs | £4,652 |
| 6 kW | 5018 kWh | 3011 kWh | 2007 kWh | £815 | £201 | £1,015 | £14,307 | 14.1 yrs | £6,003 |
| 7 kW | 5855 kWh | 3513 kWh | 2342 kWh | £951 | £234 | £1,185 | £16,342 | 13.8 yrs | £7,353 |
| 8 kW | 6691 kWh | 4015 kWh | 2676 kWh | £1,086 | £268 | £1,354 | £18,376 | 13.6 yrs | £8,704 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £918, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1673 kWh | 1171 kWh | 502 kWh | £317 | £50 | £367 | £7,569 | 20.6 yrs | £-228 |
| 3 kW | 2509 kWh | 1756 kWh | 753 kWh | £475 | £75 | £551 | £9,604 | 17.4 yrs | £1,407 |
| 4 kW | 3345 kWh | 2342 kWh | 1004 kWh | £634 | £100 | £734 | £11,638 | 15.9 yrs | £3,043 |
| 5 kW | 4182 kWh | 2927 kWh | 1255 kWh | £792 | £125 | £918 | £13,673 | 14.9 yrs | £4,679 |
| 6 kW | 5018 kWh | 3513 kWh | 1505 kWh | £951 | £151 | £1,101 | £15,707 | 14.3 yrs | £6,315 |
| 7 kW | 5855 kWh | 4098 kWh | 1756 kWh | £1,109 | £176 | £1,285 | £17,742 | 13.8 yrs | £7,951 |
| 8 kW | 6691 kWh | 4684 kWh | 2007 kWh | £1,267 | £201 | £1,468 | £19,776 | 13.5 yrs | £9,587 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £939, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1673 kWh | 1221 kWh | 452 kWh | £330 | £45 | £376 | £9,319 | 24.8 yrs | £-1,807 |
| 3 kW | 2509 kWh | 1832 kWh | 677 kWh | £496 | £68 | £563 | £11,354 | 20.2 yrs | £-86 |
| 4 kW | 3345 kWh | 2442 kWh | 903 kWh | £661 | £90 | £751 | £13,388 | 17.8 yrs | £1,636 |
| 5 kW | 4182 kWh | 3053 kWh | 1129 kWh | £826 | £113 | £939 | £15,423 | 16.4 yrs | £3,357 |
| 6 kW | 5018 kWh | 3663 kWh | 1355 kWh | £991 | £135 | £1,127 | £17,457 | 15.5 yrs | £5,079 |
| 7 kW | 5855 kWh | 4274 kWh | 1581 kWh | £1,157 | £158 | £1,315 | £19,492 | 14.8 yrs | £6,800 |
| 8 kW | 6691 kWh | 4884 kWh | 1807 kWh | £1,322 | £181 | £1,502 | £21,526 | 14.3 yrs | £8,521 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £953, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1673 kWh | 1255 kWh | 418 kWh | £339 | £42 | £381 | £11,069 | 29.0 yrs | £-3,443 |
| 3 kW | 2509 kWh | 1882 kWh | 627 kWh | £509 | £63 | £572 | £13,104 | 22.9 yrs | £-1,664 |
| 4 kW | 3345 kWh | 2509 kWh | 836 kWh | £679 | £84 | £763 | £15,138 | 19.9 yrs | £114 |
| 5 kW | 4182 kWh | 3136 kWh | 1045 kWh | £849 | £105 | £953 | £17,173 | 18.0 yrs | £1,893 |
| 6 kW | 5018 kWh | 3764 kWh | 1255 kWh | £1,018 | £125 | £1,144 | £19,207 | 16.8 yrs | £3,671 |
| 7 kW | 5855 kWh | 4391 kWh | 1464 kWh | £1,188 | £146 | £1,335 | £21,242 | 15.9 yrs | £5,450 |
| 8 kW | 6691 kWh | 5018 kWh | 1673 kWh | £1,358 | £167 | £1,525 | £23,276 | 15.3 yrs | £7,228 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £968, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1673 kWh | 1288 kWh | 385 kWh | £349 | £38 | £387 | £13,519 | 34.9 yrs | £-5,779 |
| 3 kW | 2509 kWh | 1932 kWh | 577 kWh | £523 | £58 | £581 | £15,554 | 26.8 yrs | £-3,943 |
| 4 kW | 3345 kWh | 2576 kWh | 769 kWh | £697 | £77 | £774 | £17,588 | 22.7 yrs | £-2,108 |
| 5 kW | 4182 kWh | 3220 kWh | 962 kWh | £871 | £96 | £968 | £19,623 | 20.3 yrs | £-272 |
| 6 kW | 5018 kWh | 3864 kWh | 1154 kWh | £1,046 | £115 | £1,161 | £21,657 | 18.7 yrs | £1,563 |
| 7 kW | 5855 kWh | 4508 kWh | 1347 kWh | £1,220 | £135 | £1,355 | £23,692 | 17.5 yrs | £3,399 |
| 8 kW | 6691 kWh | 5152 kWh | 1539 kWh | £1,394 | £154 | £1,548 | £25,726 | 16.6 yrs | £5,235 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.