A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1022 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £849, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2044 kWh | 817 kWh | 1226 kWh | £217 | £123 | £339 | £4,069 | 12.0 yrs | £2,720 |
| 3 kW | 3065 kWh | 1226 kWh | 1839 kWh | £325 | £184 | £509 | £6,104 | 12.0 yrs | £4,081 |
| 4 kW | 4087 kWh | 1635 kWh | 2452 kWh | £434 | £245 | £679 | £8,138 | 12.0 yrs | £5,441 |
| 5 kW | 5109 kWh | 2044 kWh | 3065 kWh | £542 | £307 | £849 | £10,173 | 12.0 yrs | £6,801 |
| 6 kW | 6131 kWh | 2452 kWh | 3678 kWh | £651 | £368 | £1,018 | £12,207 | 12.0 yrs | £8,161 |
| 7 kW | 7152 kWh | 2861 kWh | 4291 kWh | £759 | £429 | £1,188 | £14,242 | 12.0 yrs | £9,522 |
| 8 kW | 8174 kWh | 3270 kWh | 4904 kWh | £867 | £490 | £1,358 | £16,276 | 12.0 yrs | £10,882 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,018, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2044 kWh | 1226 kWh | 817 kWh | £325 | £82 | £407 | £6,169 | 15.2 yrs | £1,972 |
| 3 kW | 3065 kWh | 1839 kWh | 1226 kWh | £488 | £123 | £611 | £8,204 | 13.4 yrs | £4,007 |
| 4 kW | 4087 kWh | 2452 kWh | 1635 kWh | £651 | £163 | £814 | £10,238 | 12.6 yrs | £6,043 |
| 5 kW | 5109 kWh | 3065 kWh | 2044 kWh | £813 | £204 | £1,018 | £12,273 | 12.1 yrs | £8,079 |
| 6 kW | 6131 kWh | 3678 kWh | 2452 kWh | £976 | £245 | £1,221 | £14,307 | 11.7 yrs | £10,115 |
| 7 kW | 7152 kWh | 4291 kWh | 2861 kWh | £1,139 | £286 | £1,425 | £16,342 | 11.5 yrs | £12,151 |
| 8 kW | 8174 kWh | 4904 kWh | 3270 kWh | £1,301 | £327 | £1,628 | £18,376 | 11.3 yrs | £14,187 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,102, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2044 kWh | 1430 kWh | 613 kWh | £380 | £61 | £441 | £7,569 | 17.2 yrs | £1,247 |
| 3 kW | 3065 kWh | 2146 kWh | 920 kWh | £569 | £92 | £661 | £9,604 | 14.5 yrs | £3,621 |
| 4 kW | 4087 kWh | 2861 kWh | 1226 kWh | £759 | £123 | £882 | £11,638 | 13.2 yrs | £5,994 |
| 5 kW | 5109 kWh | 3576 kWh | 1533 kWh | £949 | £153 | £1,102 | £13,673 | 12.4 yrs | £8,368 |
| 6 kW | 6131 kWh | 4291 kWh | 1839 kWh | £1,139 | £184 | £1,322 | £15,707 | 11.9 yrs | £10,742 |
| 7 kW | 7152 kWh | 5007 kWh | 2146 kWh | £1,328 | £215 | £1,543 | £17,742 | 11.5 yrs | £13,115 |
| 8 kW | 8174 kWh | 5722 kWh | 2452 kWh | £1,518 | £245 | £1,763 | £19,776 | 11.2 yrs | £15,489 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,127, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2044 kWh | 1492 kWh | 552 kWh | £396 | £55 | £451 | £9,319 | 20.7 yrs | £-300 |
| 3 kW | 3065 kWh | 2238 kWh | 828 kWh | £594 | £83 | £676 | £11,354 | 16.8 yrs | £2,175 |
| 4 kW | 4087 kWh | 2984 kWh | 1104 kWh | £792 | £110 | £902 | £13,388 | 14.8 yrs | £4,650 |
| 5 kW | 5109 kWh | 3729 kWh | 1379 kWh | £989 | £138 | £1,127 | £15,423 | 13.7 yrs | £7,125 |
| 6 kW | 6131 kWh | 4475 kWh | 1655 kWh | £1,187 | £166 | £1,353 | £17,457 | 12.9 yrs | £9,600 |
| 7 kW | 7152 kWh | 5221 kWh | 1931 kWh | £1,385 | £193 | £1,578 | £19,492 | 12.3 yrs | £12,075 |
| 8 kW | 8174 kWh | 5967 kWh | 2207 kWh | £1,583 | £221 | £1,804 | £21,526 | 11.9 yrs | £14,550 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,144, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2044 kWh | 1533 kWh | 511 kWh | £407 | £51 | £458 | £11,069 | 24.2 yrs | £-1,915 |
| 3 kW | 3065 kWh | 2299 kWh | 766 kWh | £610 | £77 | £687 | £13,104 | 19.1 yrs | £628 |
| 4 kW | 4087 kWh | 3065 kWh | 1022 kWh | £813 | £102 | £915 | £15,138 | 16.5 yrs | £3,170 |
| 5 kW | 5109 kWh | 3832 kWh | 1277 kWh | £1,017 | £128 | £1,144 | £17,173 | 15.0 yrs | £5,713 |
| 6 kW | 6131 kWh | 4598 kWh | 1533 kWh | £1,220 | £153 | £1,373 | £19,207 | 14.0 yrs | £8,255 |
| 7 kW | 7152 kWh | 5364 kWh | 1788 kWh | £1,423 | £179 | £1,602 | £21,242 | 13.3 yrs | £10,798 |
| 8 kW | 8174 kWh | 6131 kWh | 2044 kWh | £1,626 | £204 | £1,831 | £23,276 | 12.7 yrs | £13,340 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,161, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2044 kWh | 1574 kWh | 470 kWh | £417 | £47 | £464 | £13,519 | 29.1 yrs | £-4,230 |
| 3 kW | 3065 kWh | 2360 kWh | 705 kWh | £626 | £71 | £697 | £15,554 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,620 |
| 4 kW | 4087 kWh | 3147 kWh | 940 kWh | £835 | £94 | £929 | £17,588 | 18.9 yrs | £990 |
| 5 kW | 5109 kWh | 3934 kWh | 1175 kWh | £1,044 | £118 | £1,161 | £19,623 | 16.9 yrs | £3,600 |
| 6 kW | 6131 kWh | 4721 kWh | 1410 kWh | £1,252 | £141 | £1,393 | £21,657 | 15.5 yrs | £6,210 |
| 7 kW | 7152 kWh | 5507 kWh | 1645 kWh | £1,461 | £165 | £1,626 | £23,692 | 14.6 yrs | £8,820 |
| 8 kW | 8174 kWh | 6294 kWh | 1880 kWh | £1,670 | £188 | £1,858 | £25,726 | 13.8 yrs | £11,431 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.