A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1077 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £895, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2154 kWh | 862 kWh | 1293 kWh | £229 | £129 | £358 | £4,069 | 11.4 yrs | £3,088 |
| 3 kW | 3231 kWh | 1293 kWh | 1939 kWh | £343 | £194 | £537 | £6,104 | 11.4 yrs | £4,632 |
| 4 kW | 4309 kWh | 1723 kWh | 2585 kWh | £457 | £259 | £716 | £8,138 | 11.4 yrs | £6,177 |
| 5 kW | 5386 kWh | 2154 kWh | 3231 kWh | £572 | £323 | £895 | £10,173 | 11.4 yrs | £7,721 |
| 6 kW | 6463 kWh | 2585 kWh | 3878 kWh | £686 | £388 | £1,074 | £12,207 | 11.4 yrs | £9,265 |
| 7 kW | 7540 kWh | 3016 kWh | 4524 kWh | £800 | £452 | £1,253 | £14,242 | 11.4 yrs | £10,809 |
| 8 kW | 8617 kWh | 3447 kWh | 5170 kWh | £914 | £517 | £1,431 | £16,276 | 11.4 yrs | £12,353 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,073, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2154 kWh | 1293 kWh | 862 kWh | £343 | £86 | £429 | £6,169 | 14.4 yrs | £2,413 |
| 3 kW | 3231 kWh | 1939 kWh | 1293 kWh | £514 | £129 | £644 | £8,204 | 12.7 yrs | £4,669 |
| 4 kW | 4309 kWh | 2585 kWh | 1723 kWh | £686 | £172 | £858 | £10,238 | 11.9 yrs | £6,925 |
| 5 kW | 5386 kWh | 3231 kWh | 2154 kWh | £857 | £215 | £1,073 | £12,273 | 11.4 yrs | £9,182 |
| 6 kW | 6463 kWh | 3878 kWh | 2585 kWh | £1,029 | £259 | £1,287 | £14,307 | 11.1 yrs | £11,438 |
| 7 kW | 7540 kWh | 4524 kWh | 3016 kWh | £1,200 | £302 | £1,502 | £16,342 | 10.9 yrs | £13,694 |
| 8 kW | 8617 kWh | 5170 kWh | 3447 kWh | £1,372 | £345 | £1,716 | £18,376 | 10.7 yrs | £15,951 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,162, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2154 kWh | 1508 kWh | 646 kWh | £400 | £65 | £465 | £7,569 | 16.3 yrs | £1,725 |
| 3 kW | 3231 kWh | 2262 kWh | 969 kWh | £600 | £97 | £697 | £9,604 | 13.8 yrs | £4,337 |
| 4 kW | 4309 kWh | 3016 kWh | 1293 kWh | £800 | £129 | £929 | £11,638 | 12.5 yrs | £6,950 |
| 5 kW | 5386 kWh | 3770 kWh | 1616 kWh | £1,000 | £162 | £1,162 | £13,673 | 11.8 yrs | £9,562 |
| 6 kW | 6463 kWh | 4524 kWh | 1939 kWh | £1,200 | £194 | £1,394 | £15,707 | 11.3 yrs | £12,175 |
| 7 kW | 7540 kWh | 5278 kWh | 2262 kWh | £1,400 | £226 | £1,626 | £17,742 | 10.9 yrs | £14,787 |
| 8 kW | 8617 kWh | 6032 kWh | 2585 kWh | £1,600 | £259 | £1,859 | £19,776 | 10.6 yrs | £17,400 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,188, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2154 kWh | 1573 kWh | 582 kWh | £417 | £58 | £475 | £9,319 | 19.6 yrs | £189 |
| 3 kW | 3231 kWh | 2359 kWh | 872 kWh | £626 | £87 | £713 | £11,354 | 15.9 yrs | £2,908 |
| 4 kW | 4309 kWh | 3145 kWh | 1163 kWh | £834 | £116 | £951 | £13,388 | 14.1 yrs | £5,627 |
| 5 kW | 5386 kWh | 3932 kWh | 1454 kWh | £1,043 | £145 | £1,188 | £15,423 | 13.0 yrs | £8,346 |
| 6 kW | 6463 kWh | 4718 kWh | 1745 kWh | £1,252 | £174 | £1,426 | £17,457 | 12.2 yrs | £11,066 |
| 7 kW | 7540 kWh | 5504 kWh | 2036 kWh | £1,460 | £204 | £1,664 | £19,492 | 11.7 yrs | £13,785 |
| 8 kW | 8617 kWh | 6290 kWh | 2327 kWh | £1,669 | £233 | £1,902 | £21,526 | 11.3 yrs | £16,504 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,206, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2154 kWh | 1616 kWh | 539 kWh | £429 | £54 | £483 | £11,069 | 22.9 yrs | £-1,419 |
| 3 kW | 3231 kWh | 2424 kWh | 808 kWh | £643 | £81 | £724 | £13,104 | 18.1 yrs | £1,371 |
| 4 kW | 4309 kWh | 3231 kWh | 1077 kWh | £857 | £108 | £965 | £15,138 | 15.7 yrs | £4,162 |
| 5 kW | 5386 kWh | 4039 kWh | 1346 kWh | £1,072 | £135 | £1,206 | £17,173 | 14.2 yrs | £6,952 |
| 6 kW | 6463 kWh | 4847 kWh | 1616 kWh | £1,286 | £162 | £1,448 | £19,207 | 13.3 yrs | £9,743 |
| 7 kW | 7540 kWh | 5655 kWh | 1885 kWh | £1,500 | £188 | £1,689 | £21,242 | 12.6 yrs | £12,533 |
| 8 kW | 8617 kWh | 6463 kWh | 2154 kWh | £1,715 | £215 | £1,930 | £23,276 | 12.1 yrs | £15,324 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,224, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2154 kWh | 1659 kWh | 495 kWh | £440 | £50 | £490 | £13,519 | 27.6 yrs | £-3,727 |
| 3 kW | 3231 kWh | 2488 kWh | 743 kWh | £660 | £74 | £734 | £15,554 | 21.2 yrs | £-865 |
| 4 kW | 4309 kWh | 3318 kWh | 991 kWh | £880 | £99 | £979 | £17,588 | 18.0 yrs | £1,997 |
| 5 kW | 5386 kWh | 4147 kWh | 1239 kWh | £1,100 | £124 | £1,224 | £19,623 | 16.0 yrs | £4,859 |
| 6 kW | 6463 kWh | 4976 kWh | 1486 kWh | £1,320 | £149 | £1,469 | £21,657 | 14.7 yrs | £7,720 |
| 7 kW | 7540 kWh | 5806 kWh | 1734 kWh | £1,540 | £173 | £1,714 | £23,692 | 13.8 yrs | £10,582 |
| 8 kW | 8617 kWh | 6635 kWh | 1982 kWh | £1,760 | £198 | £1,958 | £25,726 | 13.1 yrs | £13,444 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.