A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 903 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.3p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £729, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1807 kWh | 723 kWh | 1084 kWh | £183 | £108 | £291 | £4,069 | 14.0 yrs | £1,761 |
| 3 kW | 2710 kWh | 1084 kWh | 1626 kWh | £275 | £163 | £437 | £6,104 | 14.0 yrs | £2,641 |
| 4 kW | 3614 kWh | 1445 kWh | 2168 kWh | £366 | £217 | £583 | £8,138 | 14.0 yrs | £3,521 |
| 5 kW | 4517 kWh | 1807 kWh | 2710 kWh | £458 | £271 | £729 | £10,173 | 14.0 yrs | £4,401 |
| 6 kW | 5421 kWh | 2168 kWh | 3252 kWh | £549 | £325 | £874 | £12,207 | 14.0 yrs | £5,282 |
| 7 kW | 6324 kWh | 2530 kWh | 3794 kWh | £641 | £379 | £1,020 | £14,242 | 14.0 yrs | £6,162 |
| 8 kW | 7227 kWh | 2891 kWh | 4336 kWh | £732 | £434 | £1,166 | £16,276 | 14.0 yrs | £7,042 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £867, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1807 kWh | 1084 kWh | 723 kWh | £275 | £72 | £347 | £6,169 | 17.8 yrs | £769 |
| 3 kW | 2710 kWh | 1626 kWh | 1084 kWh | £412 | £108 | £520 | £8,204 | 15.8 yrs | £2,203 |
| 4 kW | 3614 kWh | 2168 kWh | 1445 kWh | £549 | £145 | £694 | £10,238 | 14.8 yrs | £3,637 |
| 5 kW | 4517 kWh | 2710 kWh | 1807 kWh | £687 | £181 | £867 | £12,273 | 14.2 yrs | £5,071 |
| 6 kW | 5421 kWh | 3252 kWh | 2168 kWh | £824 | £217 | £1,041 | £14,307 | 13.7 yrs | £6,506 |
| 7 kW | 6324 kWh | 3794 kWh | 2530 kWh | £961 | £253 | £1,214 | £16,342 | 13.5 yrs | £7,940 |
| 8 kW | 7227 kWh | 4336 kWh | 2891 kWh | £1,098 | £289 | £1,388 | £18,376 | 13.2 yrs | £9,374 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £936, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1807 kWh | 1265 kWh | 542 kWh | £320 | £54 | £375 | £7,569 | 20.2 yrs | £-77 |
| 3 kW | 2710 kWh | 1897 kWh | 813 kWh | £481 | £81 | £562 | £9,604 | 17.1 yrs | £1,634 |
| 4 kW | 3614 kWh | 2530 kWh | 1084 kWh | £641 | £108 | £749 | £11,638 | 15.5 yrs | £3,345 |
| 5 kW | 4517 kWh | 3162 kWh | 1355 kWh | £801 | £136 | £936 | £13,673 | 14.6 yrs | £5,056 |
| 6 kW | 5421 kWh | 3794 kWh | 1626 kWh | £961 | £163 | £1,124 | £15,707 | 14.0 yrs | £6,768 |
| 7 kW | 6324 kWh | 4427 kWh | 1897 kWh | £1,121 | £190 | £1,311 | £17,742 | 13.5 yrs | £8,479 |
| 8 kW | 7227 kWh | 5059 kWh | 2168 kWh | £1,281 | £217 | £1,498 | £19,776 | 13.2 yrs | £10,190 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £957, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1807 kWh | 1319 kWh | 488 kWh | £334 | £49 | £383 | £9,319 | 24.3 yrs | £-1,661 |
| 3 kW | 2710 kWh | 1978 kWh | 732 kWh | £501 | £73 | £574 | £11,354 | 19.8 yrs | £133 |
| 4 kW | 3614 kWh | 2638 kWh | 976 kWh | £668 | £98 | £766 | £13,388 | 17.5 yrs | £1,927 |
| 5 kW | 4517 kWh | 3297 kWh | 1220 kWh | £835 | £122 | £957 | £15,423 | 16.1 yrs | £3,722 |
| 6 kW | 5421 kWh | 3957 kWh | 1464 kWh | £1,002 | £146 | £1,149 | £17,457 | 15.2 yrs | £5,516 |
| 7 kW | 6324 kWh | 4616 kWh | 1707 kWh | £1,169 | £171 | £1,340 | £19,492 | 14.5 yrs | £7,310 |
| 8 kW | 7227 kWh | 5276 kWh | 1951 kWh | £1,336 | £195 | £1,532 | £21,526 | 14.1 yrs | £9,105 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £971, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1807 kWh | 1355 kWh | 452 kWh | £343 | £45 | £388 | £11,069 | 28.5 yrs | £-3,301 |
| 3 kW | 2710 kWh | 2033 kWh | 678 kWh | £515 | £68 | £583 | £13,104 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,451 |
| 4 kW | 3614 kWh | 2710 kWh | 903 kWh | £687 | £90 | £777 | £15,138 | 19.5 yrs | £399 |
| 5 kW | 4517 kWh | 3388 kWh | 1129 kWh | £858 | £113 | £971 | £17,173 | 17.7 yrs | £2,249 |
| 6 kW | 5421 kWh | 4065 kWh | 1355 kWh | £1,030 | £136 | £1,165 | £19,207 | 16.5 yrs | £4,098 |
| 7 kW | 6324 kWh | 4743 kWh | 1581 kWh | £1,201 | £158 | £1,359 | £21,242 | 15.6 yrs | £5,948 |
| 8 kW | 7227 kWh | 5421 kWh | 1807 kWh | £1,373 | £181 | £1,554 | £23,276 | 15.0 yrs | £7,798 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £985, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1807 kWh | 1391 kWh | 416 kWh | £352 | £42 | £394 | £13,519 | 34.3 yrs | £-5,640 |
| 3 kW | 2710 kWh | 2087 kWh | 623 kWh | £529 | £62 | £591 | £15,554 | 26.3 yrs | £-3,735 |
| 4 kW | 3614 kWh | 2783 kWh | 831 kWh | £705 | £83 | £788 | £17,588 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,829 |
| 5 kW | 4517 kWh | 3478 kWh | 1039 kWh | £881 | £104 | £985 | £19,623 | 19.9 yrs | £76 |
| 6 kW | 5421 kWh | 4174 kWh | 1247 kWh | £1,057 | £125 | £1,182 | £21,657 | 18.3 yrs | £1,981 |
| 7 kW | 6324 kWh | 4869 kWh | 1455 kWh | £1,233 | £145 | £1,379 | £23,692 | 17.2 yrs | £3,886 |
| 8 kW | 7227 kWh | 5565 kWh | 1662 kWh | £1,410 | £166 | £1,576 | £25,726 | 16.3 yrs | £5,791 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.