A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 902 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.3p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £728, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1804 kWh | 722 kWh | 1083 kWh | £183 | £108 | £291 | £4,069 | 14.0 yrs | £1,753 |
| 3 kW | 2707 kWh | 1083 kWh | 1624 kWh | £274 | £162 | £437 | £6,104 | 14.0 yrs | £2,629 |
| 4 kW | 3609 kWh | 1444 kWh | 2165 kWh | £366 | £217 | £582 | £8,138 | 14.0 yrs | £3,506 |
| 5 kW | 4511 kWh | 1804 kWh | 2707 kWh | £457 | £271 | £728 | £10,173 | 14.0 yrs | £4,382 |
| 6 kW | 5413 kWh | 2165 kWh | 3248 kWh | £548 | £325 | £873 | £12,207 | 14.0 yrs | £5,259 |
| 7 kW | 6316 kWh | 2526 kWh | 3789 kWh | £640 | £379 | £1,019 | £14,242 | 14.0 yrs | £6,135 |
| 8 kW | 7218 kWh | 2887 kWh | 4331 kWh | £731 | £433 | £1,164 | £16,276 | 14.0 yrs | £7,012 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £866, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1804 kWh | 1083 kWh | 722 kWh | £274 | £72 | £346 | £6,169 | 17.8 yrs | £759 |
| 3 kW | 2707 kWh | 1624 kWh | 1083 kWh | £411 | £108 | £520 | £8,204 | 15.8 yrs | £2,189 |
| 4 kW | 3609 kWh | 2165 kWh | 1444 kWh | £548 | £144 | £693 | £10,238 | 14.8 yrs | £3,619 |
| 5 kW | 4511 kWh | 2707 kWh | 1804 kWh | £686 | £180 | £866 | £12,273 | 14.2 yrs | £5,049 |
| 6 kW | 5413 kWh | 3248 kWh | 2165 kWh | £823 | £217 | £1,039 | £14,307 | 13.8 yrs | £6,478 |
| 7 kW | 6316 kWh | 3789 kWh | 2526 kWh | £960 | £253 | £1,212 | £16,342 | 13.5 yrs | £7,908 |
| 8 kW | 7218 kWh | 4331 kWh | 2887 kWh | £1,097 | £289 | £1,386 | £18,376 | 13.3 yrs | £9,338 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £935, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1804 kWh | 1263 kWh | 541 kWh | £320 | £54 | £374 | £7,569 | 20.2 yrs | £-87 |
| 3 kW | 2707 kWh | 1895 kWh | 812 kWh | £480 | £81 | £561 | £9,604 | 17.1 yrs | £1,619 |
| 4 kW | 3609 kWh | 2526 kWh | 1083 kWh | £640 | £108 | £748 | £11,638 | 15.6 yrs | £3,325 |
| 5 kW | 4511 kWh | 3158 kWh | 1353 kWh | £800 | £135 | £935 | £13,673 | 14.6 yrs | £5,032 |
| 6 kW | 5413 kWh | 3789 kWh | 1624 kWh | £960 | £162 | £1,122 | £15,707 | 14.0 yrs | £6,738 |
| 7 kW | 6316 kWh | 4421 kWh | 1895 kWh | £1,120 | £189 | £1,309 | £17,742 | 13.6 yrs | £8,445 |
| 8 kW | 7218 kWh | 5053 kWh | 2165 kWh | £1,280 | £217 | £1,496 | £19,776 | 13.2 yrs | £10,151 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £956, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1804 kWh | 1317 kWh | 487 kWh | £334 | £49 | £382 | £9,319 | 24.4 yrs | £-1,671 |
| 3 kW | 2707 kWh | 1976 kWh | 731 kWh | £500 | £73 | £574 | £11,354 | 19.8 yrs | £118 |
| 4 kW | 3609 kWh | 2635 kWh | 974 kWh | £667 | £97 | £765 | £13,388 | 17.5 yrs | £1,907 |
| 5 kW | 4511 kWh | 3293 kWh | 1218 kWh | £834 | £122 | £956 | £15,423 | 16.1 yrs | £3,697 |
| 6 kW | 5413 kWh | 3952 kWh | 1462 kWh | £1,001 | £146 | £1,147 | £17,457 | 15.2 yrs | £5,486 |
| 7 kW | 6316 kWh | 4610 kWh | 1705 kWh | £1,168 | £171 | £1,338 | £19,492 | 14.6 yrs | £7,275 |
| 8 kW | 7218 kWh | 5269 kWh | 1949 kWh | £1,335 | £195 | £1,530 | £21,526 | 14.1 yrs | £9,065 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £970, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1804 kWh | 1353 kWh | 451 kWh | £343 | £45 | £388 | £11,069 | 28.5 yrs | £-3,311 |
| 3 kW | 2707 kWh | 2030 kWh | 677 kWh | £514 | £68 | £582 | £13,104 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,466 |
| 4 kW | 3609 kWh | 2707 kWh | 902 kWh | £686 | £90 | £776 | £15,138 | 19.5 yrs | £379 |
| 5 kW | 4511 kWh | 3383 kWh | 1128 kWh | £857 | £113 | £970 | £17,173 | 17.7 yrs | £2,223 |
| 6 kW | 5413 kWh | 4060 kWh | 1353 kWh | £1,028 | £135 | £1,164 | £19,207 | 16.5 yrs | £4,068 |
| 7 kW | 6316 kWh | 4737 kWh | 1579 kWh | £1,200 | £158 | £1,358 | £21,242 | 15.6 yrs | £5,913 |
| 8 kW | 7218 kWh | 5413 kWh | 1804 kWh | £1,371 | £180 | £1,552 | £23,276 | 15.0 yrs | £7,757 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £984, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1804 kWh | 1389 kWh | 415 kWh | £352 | £42 | £393 | £13,519 | 34.4 yrs | £-5,650 |
| 3 kW | 2707 kWh | 2084 kWh | 623 kWh | £528 | £62 | £590 | £15,554 | 26.4 yrs | £-3,750 |
| 4 kW | 3609 kWh | 2779 kWh | 830 kWh | £704 | £83 | £787 | £17,588 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,850 |
| 5 kW | 4511 kWh | 3474 kWh | 1038 kWh | £880 | £104 | £984 | £19,623 | 19.9 yrs | £50 |
| 6 kW | 5413 kWh | 4168 kWh | 1245 kWh | £1,056 | £125 | £1,180 | £21,657 | 18.3 yrs | £1,950 |
| 7 kW | 6316 kWh | 4863 kWh | 1453 kWh | £1,232 | £145 | £1,377 | £23,692 | 17.2 yrs | £3,850 |
| 8 kW | 7218 kWh | 5558 kWh | 1660 kWh | £1,408 | £166 | £1,574 | £25,726 | 16.3 yrs | £5,750 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.