A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 968 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.3p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £781, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1936 kWh | 774 kWh | 1162 kWh | £196 | £116 | £312 | £4,069 | 13.0 yrs | £2,178 |
| 3 kW | 2904 kWh | 1162 kWh | 1743 kWh | £294 | £174 | £469 | £6,104 | 13.0 yrs | £3,267 |
| 4 kW | 3872 kWh | 1549 kWh | 2323 kWh | £392 | £232 | £625 | £8,138 | 13.0 yrs | £4,356 |
| 5 kW | 4841 kWh | 1936 kWh | 2904 kWh | £490 | £290 | £781 | £10,173 | 13.0 yrs | £5,445 |
| 6 kW | 5809 kWh | 2323 kWh | 3485 kWh | £589 | £349 | £937 | £12,207 | 13.0 yrs | £6,534 |
| 7 kW | 6777 kWh | 2711 kWh | 4066 kWh | £687 | £407 | £1,093 | £14,242 | 13.0 yrs | £7,623 |
| 8 kW | 7745 kWh | 3098 kWh | 4647 kWh | £785 | £465 | £1,249 | £16,276 | 13.0 yrs | £8,712 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £929, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1936 kWh | 1162 kWh | 774 kWh | £294 | £77 | £372 | £6,169 | 16.6 yrs | £1,265 |
| 3 kW | 2904 kWh | 1743 kWh | 1162 kWh | £441 | £116 | £558 | £8,204 | 14.7 yrs | £2,948 |
| 4 kW | 3872 kWh | 2323 kWh | 1549 kWh | £589 | £155 | £743 | £10,238 | 13.8 yrs | £4,631 |
| 5 kW | 4841 kWh | 2904 kWh | 1936 kWh | £736 | £194 | £929 | £12,273 | 13.2 yrs | £6,313 |
| 6 kW | 5809 kWh | 3485 kWh | 2323 kWh | £883 | £232 | £1,115 | £14,307 | 12.8 yrs | £7,996 |
| 7 kW | 6777 kWh | 4066 kWh | 2711 kWh | £1,030 | £271 | £1,301 | £16,342 | 12.6 yrs | £9,679 |
| 8 kW | 7745 kWh | 4647 kWh | 3098 kWh | £1,177 | £310 | £1,487 | £18,376 | 12.4 yrs | £11,361 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,004, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1936 kWh | 1355 kWh | 581 kWh | £343 | £58 | £401 | £7,569 | 18.9 yrs | £459 |
| 3 kW | 2904 kWh | 2033 kWh | 871 kWh | £515 | £87 | £602 | £9,604 | 15.9 yrs | £2,439 |
| 4 kW | 3872 kWh | 2711 kWh | 1162 kWh | £687 | £116 | £803 | £11,638 | 14.5 yrs | £4,418 |
| 5 kW | 4841 kWh | 3388 kWh | 1452 kWh | £858 | £145 | £1,004 | £13,673 | 13.6 yrs | £6,398 |
| 6 kW | 5809 kWh | 4066 kWh | 1743 kWh | £1,030 | £174 | £1,204 | £15,707 | 13.0 yrs | £8,377 |
| 7 kW | 6777 kWh | 4744 kWh | 2033 kWh | £1,202 | £203 | £1,405 | £17,742 | 12.6 yrs | £10,357 |
| 8 kW | 7745 kWh | 5421 kWh | 2323 kWh | £1,373 | £232 | £1,606 | £19,776 | 12.3 yrs | £12,336 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,026, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1936 kWh | 1413 kWh | 523 kWh | £358 | £52 | £410 | £9,319 | 22.7 yrs | £-1,113 |
| 3 kW | 2904 kWh | 2120 kWh | 784 kWh | £537 | £78 | £615 | £11,354 | 18.4 yrs | £956 |
| 4 kW | 3872 kWh | 2827 kWh | 1046 kWh | £716 | £105 | £821 | £13,388 | 16.3 yrs | £3,024 |
| 5 kW | 4841 kWh | 3534 kWh | 1307 kWh | £895 | £131 | £1,026 | £15,423 | 15.0 yrs | £5,093 |
| 6 kW | 5809 kWh | 4240 kWh | 1568 kWh | £1,074 | £157 | £1,231 | £17,457 | 14.2 yrs | £7,161 |
| 7 kW | 6777 kWh | 4947 kWh | 1830 kWh | £1,253 | £183 | £1,436 | £19,492 | 13.6 yrs | £9,230 |
| 8 kW | 7745 kWh | 5654 kWh | 2091 kWh | £1,432 | £209 | £1,641 | £21,526 | 13.1 yrs | £11,298 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,041, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1936 kWh | 1452 kWh | 484 kWh | £368 | £48 | £416 | £11,069 | 26.6 yrs | £-2,744 |
| 3 kW | 2904 kWh | 2178 kWh | 726 kWh | £552 | £73 | £624 | £13,104 | 21.0 yrs | £-616 |
| 4 kW | 3872 kWh | 2904 kWh | 968 kWh | £736 | £97 | £832 | £15,138 | 18.2 yrs | £1,512 |
| 5 kW | 4841 kWh | 3630 kWh | 1210 kWh | £920 | £121 | £1,041 | £17,173 | 16.5 yrs | £3,640 |
| 6 kW | 5809 kWh | 4357 kWh | 1452 kWh | £1,104 | £145 | £1,249 | £19,207 | 15.4 yrs | £5,768 |
| 7 kW | 6777 kWh | 5083 kWh | 1694 kWh | £1,287 | £169 | £1,457 | £21,242 | 14.6 yrs | £7,895 |
| 8 kW | 7745 kWh | 5809 kWh | 1936 kWh | £1,471 | £194 | £1,665 | £23,276 | 14.0 yrs | £10,023 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,055, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1936 kWh | 1491 kWh | 445 kWh | £378 | £45 | £422 | £13,519 | 32.0 yrs | £-5,075 |
| 3 kW | 2904 kWh | 2236 kWh | 668 kWh | £566 | £67 | £633 | £15,554 | 24.6 yrs | £-2,888 |
| 4 kW | 3872 kWh | 2982 kWh | 891 kWh | £755 | £89 | £844 | £17,588 | 20.8 yrs | £-701 |
| 5 kW | 4841 kWh | 3727 kWh | 1113 kWh | £944 | £111 | £1,055 | £19,623 | 18.6 yrs | £1,486 |
| 6 kW | 5809 kWh | 4473 kWh | 1336 kWh | £1,133 | £134 | £1,267 | £21,657 | 17.1 yrs | £3,674 |
| 7 kW | 6777 kWh | 5218 kWh | 1559 kWh | £1,322 | £156 | £1,478 | £23,692 | 16.0 yrs | £5,861 |
| 8 kW | 7745 kWh | 5964 kWh | 1781 kWh | £1,511 | £178 | £1,689 | £25,726 | 15.2 yrs | £8,048 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.