A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 976 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.3p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £788, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1953 kWh | 781 kWh | 1172 kWh | £198 | £117 | £315 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,231 |
| 3 kW | 2929 kWh | 1172 kWh | 1758 kWh | £297 | £176 | £473 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,347 |
| 4 kW | 3906 kWh | 1562 kWh | 2343 kWh | £396 | £234 | £630 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,463 |
| 5 kW | 4882 kWh | 1953 kWh | 2929 kWh | £495 | £293 | £788 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,579 |
| 6 kW | 5858 kWh | 2343 kWh | 3515 kWh | £594 | £352 | £945 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,694 |
| 7 kW | 6835 kWh | 2734 kWh | 4101 kWh | £693 | £410 | £1,103 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,810 |
| 8 kW | 7811 kWh | 3124 kWh | 4687 kWh | £791 | £469 | £1,260 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £8,926 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £937, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1953 kWh | 1172 kWh | 781 kWh | £297 | £78 | £375 | £6,169 | 16.5 yrs | £1,329 |
| 3 kW | 2929 kWh | 1758 kWh | 1172 kWh | £445 | £117 | £562 | £8,204 | 14.6 yrs | £3,043 |
| 4 kW | 3906 kWh | 2343 kWh | 1562 kWh | £594 | £156 | £750 | £10,238 | 13.7 yrs | £4,758 |
| 5 kW | 4882 kWh | 2929 kWh | 1953 kWh | £742 | £195 | £937 | £12,273 | 13.1 yrs | £6,472 |
| 6 kW | 5858 kWh | 3515 kWh | 2343 kWh | £890 | £234 | £1,125 | £14,307 | 12.7 yrs | £8,187 |
| 7 kW | 6835 kWh | 4101 kWh | 2734 kWh | £1,039 | £273 | £1,312 | £16,342 | 12.5 yrs | £9,901 |
| 8 kW | 7811 kWh | 4687 kWh | 3124 kWh | £1,187 | £312 | £1,500 | £18,376 | 12.3 yrs | £11,616 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,012, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1953 kWh | 1367 kWh | 586 kWh | £346 | £59 | £405 | £7,569 | 18.7 yrs | £528 |
| 3 kW | 2929 kWh | 2050 kWh | 879 kWh | £519 | £88 | £607 | £9,604 | 15.8 yrs | £2,542 |
| 4 kW | 3906 kWh | 2734 kWh | 1172 kWh | £693 | £117 | £810 | £11,638 | 14.4 yrs | £4,555 |
| 5 kW | 4882 kWh | 3417 kWh | 1465 kWh | £866 | £146 | £1,012 | £13,673 | 13.5 yrs | £6,569 |
| 6 kW | 5858 kWh | 4101 kWh | 1758 kWh | £1,039 | £176 | £1,215 | £15,707 | 12.9 yrs | £8,583 |
| 7 kW | 6835 kWh | 4784 kWh | 2050 kWh | £1,212 | £205 | £1,417 | £17,742 | 12.5 yrs | £10,597 |
| 8 kW | 7811 kWh | 5468 kWh | 2343 kWh | £1,385 | £234 | £1,619 | £19,776 | 12.2 yrs | £12,611 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,035, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1953 kWh | 1426 kWh | 527 kWh | £361 | £53 | £414 | £9,319 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,043 |
| 3 kW | 2929 kWh | 2138 kWh | 791 kWh | £542 | £79 | £621 | £11,354 | 18.3 yrs | £1,061 |
| 4 kW | 3906 kWh | 2851 kWh | 1055 kWh | £722 | £105 | £828 | £13,388 | 16.2 yrs | £3,165 |
| 5 kW | 4882 kWh | 3564 kWh | 1318 kWh | £903 | £132 | £1,035 | £15,423 | 14.9 yrs | £5,268 |
| 6 kW | 5858 kWh | 4277 kWh | 1582 kWh | £1,083 | £158 | £1,241 | £17,457 | 14.1 yrs | £7,372 |
| 7 kW | 6835 kWh | 4989 kWh | 1845 kWh | £1,264 | £185 | £1,448 | £19,492 | 13.5 yrs | £9,476 |
| 8 kW | 7811 kWh | 5702 kWh | 2109 kWh | £1,444 | £211 | £1,655 | £21,526 | 13.0 yrs | £11,579 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,050, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1953 kWh | 1465 kWh | 488 kWh | £371 | £49 | £420 | £11,069 | 26.4 yrs | £-2,673 |
| 3 kW | 2929 kWh | 2197 kWh | 732 kWh | £556 | £73 | £630 | £13,104 | 20.8 yrs | £-509 |
| 4 kW | 3906 kWh | 2929 kWh | 976 kWh | £742 | £98 | £840 | £15,138 | 18.0 yrs | £1,654 |
| 5 kW | 4882 kWh | 3662 kWh | 1220 kWh | £927 | £122 | £1,050 | £17,173 | 16.4 yrs | £3,818 |
| 6 kW | 5858 kWh | 4394 kWh | 1465 kWh | £1,113 | £146 | £1,259 | £19,207 | 15.3 yrs | £5,981 |
| 7 kW | 6835 kWh | 5126 kWh | 1709 kWh | £1,298 | £171 | £1,469 | £21,242 | 14.5 yrs | £8,145 |
| 8 kW | 7811 kWh | 5858 kWh | 1953 kWh | £1,484 | £195 | £1,679 | £23,276 | 13.9 yrs | £10,308 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,064, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1953 kWh | 1504 kWh | 449 kWh | £381 | £45 | £426 | £13,519 | 31.8 yrs | £-5,003 |
| 3 kW | 2929 kWh | 2255 kWh | 674 kWh | £571 | £67 | £639 | £15,554 | 24.4 yrs | £-2,780 |
| 4 kW | 3906 kWh | 3007 kWh | 898 kWh | £762 | £90 | £852 | £17,588 | 20.7 yrs | £-556 |
| 5 kW | 4882 kWh | 3759 kWh | 1123 kWh | £952 | £112 | £1,064 | £19,623 | 18.4 yrs | £1,667 |
| 6 kW | 5858 kWh | 4511 kWh | 1347 kWh | £1,143 | £135 | £1,277 | £21,657 | 17.0 yrs | £3,890 |
| 7 kW | 6835 kWh | 5263 kWh | 1572 kWh | £1,333 | £157 | £1,490 | £23,692 | 15.9 yrs | £6,114 |
| 8 kW | 7811 kWh | 6015 kWh | 1797 kWh | £1,524 | £180 | £1,703 | £25,726 | 15.1 yrs | £8,337 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.