A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 812 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £683, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1624 kWh | 649 kWh | 974 kWh | £176 | £97 | £273 | £4,069 | 14.9 yrs | £1,394 |
| 3 kW | 2435 kWh | 974 kWh | 1461 kWh | £264 | £146 | £410 | £6,104 | 14.9 yrs | £2,091 |
| 4 kW | 3247 kWh | 1299 kWh | 1948 kWh | £351 | £195 | £546 | £8,138 | 14.9 yrs | £2,787 |
| 5 kW | 4059 kWh | 1624 kWh | 2435 kWh | £439 | £244 | £683 | £10,173 | 14.9 yrs | £3,484 |
| 6 kW | 4870 kWh | 1948 kWh | 2922 kWh | £527 | £292 | £819 | £12,207 | 14.9 yrs | £4,181 |
| 7 kW | 5682 kWh | 2273 kWh | 3409 kWh | £615 | £341 | £956 | £14,242 | 14.9 yrs | £4,878 |
| 8 kW | 6494 kWh | 2598 kWh | 3896 kWh | £703 | £390 | £1,093 | £16,276 | 14.9 yrs | £5,575 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £821, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1624 kWh | 974 kWh | 649 kWh | £264 | £65 | £329 | £6,169 | 18.8 yrs | £402 |
| 3 kW | 2435 kWh | 1461 kWh | 974 kWh | £395 | £97 | £493 | £8,204 | 16.6 yrs | £1,652 |
| 4 kW | 3247 kWh | 1948 kWh | 1299 kWh | £527 | £130 | £657 | £10,238 | 15.6 yrs | £2,903 |
| 5 kW | 4059 kWh | 2435 kWh | 1624 kWh | £659 | £162 | £821 | £12,273 | 14.9 yrs | £4,154 |
| 6 kW | 4870 kWh | 2922 kWh | 1948 kWh | £791 | £195 | £986 | £14,307 | 14.5 yrs | £5,405 |
| 7 kW | 5682 kWh | 3409 kWh | 2273 kWh | £923 | £227 | £1,150 | £16,342 | 14.2 yrs | £6,656 |
| 8 kW | 6494 kWh | 3896 kWh | 2598 kWh | £1,054 | £260 | £1,314 | £18,376 | 14.0 yrs | £7,906 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £891, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1624 kWh | 1136 kWh | 487 kWh | £308 | £49 | £356 | £7,569 | 21.2 yrs | £-444 |
| 3 kW | 2435 kWh | 1705 kWh | 731 kWh | £461 | £73 | £534 | £9,604 | 18.0 yrs | £1,083 |
| 4 kW | 3247 kWh | 2273 kWh | 974 kWh | £615 | £97 | £712 | £11,638 | 16.3 yrs | £2,611 |
| 5 kW | 4059 kWh | 2841 kWh | 1218 kWh | £769 | £122 | £891 | £13,673 | 15.4 yrs | £4,139 |
| 6 kW | 4870 kWh | 3409 kWh | 1461 kWh | £923 | £146 | £1,069 | £15,707 | 14.7 yrs | £5,667 |
| 7 kW | 5682 kWh | 3978 kWh | 1705 kWh | £1,076 | £170 | £1,247 | £17,742 | 14.2 yrs | £7,194 |
| 8 kW | 6494 kWh | 4546 kWh | 1948 kWh | £1,230 | £195 | £1,425 | £19,776 | 13.9 yrs | £8,722 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £911, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1624 kWh | 1185 kWh | 438 kWh | £321 | £44 | £365 | £9,319 | 25.6 yrs | £-2,028 |
| 3 kW | 2435 kWh | 1778 kWh | 658 kWh | £481 | £66 | £547 | £11,354 | 20.8 yrs | £-417 |
| 4 kW | 3247 kWh | 2370 kWh | 877 kWh | £641 | £88 | £729 | £13,388 | 18.4 yrs | £1,193 |
| 5 kW | 4059 kWh | 2963 kWh | 1096 kWh | £802 | £110 | £911 | £15,423 | 16.9 yrs | £2,804 |
| 6 kW | 4870 kWh | 3555 kWh | 1315 kWh | £962 | £132 | £1,094 | £17,457 | 16.0 yrs | £4,415 |
| 7 kW | 5682 kWh | 4148 kWh | 1534 kWh | £1,122 | £153 | £1,276 | £19,492 | 15.3 yrs | £6,026 |
| 8 kW | 6494 kWh | 4741 kWh | 1753 kWh | £1,283 | £175 | £1,458 | £21,526 | 14.8 yrs | £7,637 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £925, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1624 kWh | 1218 kWh | 406 kWh | £329 | £41 | £370 | £11,069 | 29.9 yrs | £-3,667 |
| 3 kW | 2435 kWh | 1826 kWh | 609 kWh | £494 | £61 | £555 | £13,104 | 23.6 yrs | £-2,001 |
| 4 kW | 3247 kWh | 2435 kWh | 812 kWh | £659 | £81 | £740 | £15,138 | 20.5 yrs | £-335 |
| 5 kW | 4059 kWh | 3044 kWh | 1015 kWh | £824 | £101 | £925 | £17,173 | 18.6 yrs | £1,331 |
| 6 kW | 4870 kWh | 3653 kWh | 1218 kWh | £988 | £122 | £1,110 | £19,207 | 17.3 yrs | £2,998 |
| 7 kW | 5682 kWh | 4262 kWh | 1421 kWh | £1,153 | £142 | £1,295 | £21,242 | 16.4 yrs | £4,664 |
| 8 kW | 6494 kWh | 4870 kWh | 1624 kWh | £1,318 | £162 | £1,480 | £23,276 | 15.7 yrs | £6,330 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £939, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1624 kWh | 1250 kWh | 373 kWh | £338 | £37 | £376 | £13,519 | 36.0 yrs | £-6,007 |
| 3 kW | 2435 kWh | 1875 kWh | 560 kWh | £507 | £56 | £563 | £15,554 | 27.6 yrs | £-4,285 |
| 4 kW | 3247 kWh | 2500 kWh | 747 kWh | £677 | £75 | £751 | £17,588 | 23.4 yrs | £-2,563 |
| 5 kW | 4059 kWh | 3125 kWh | 934 kWh | £846 | £93 | £939 | £19,623 | 20.9 yrs | £-842 |
| 6 kW | 4870 kWh | 3750 kWh | 1120 kWh | £1,015 | £112 | £1,127 | £21,657 | 19.2 yrs | £880 |
| 7 kW | 5682 kWh | 4375 kWh | 1307 kWh | £1,184 | £131 | £1,315 | £23,692 | 18.0 yrs | £2,602 |
| 8 kW | 6494 kWh | 5000 kWh | 1494 kWh | £1,353 | £149 | £1,502 | £25,726 | 17.1 yrs | £4,323 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.