A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 980 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £813, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1959 kWh | 784 kWh | 1176 kWh | £208 | £118 | £325 | £4,069 | 12.5 yrs | £2,433 |
| 3 kW | 2939 kWh | 1176 kWh | 1763 kWh | £311 | £176 | £488 | £6,104 | 12.5 yrs | £3,650 |
| 4 kW | 3919 kWh | 1568 kWh | 2351 kWh | £415 | £235 | £650 | £8,138 | 12.5 yrs | £4,866 |
| 5 kW | 4899 kWh | 1959 kWh | 2939 kWh | £519 | £294 | £813 | £10,173 | 12.5 yrs | £6,083 |
| 6 kW | 5878 kWh | 2351 kWh | 3527 kWh | £623 | £353 | £975 | £12,207 | 12.5 yrs | £7,299 |
| 7 kW | 6858 kWh | 2743 kWh | 4115 kWh | £726 | £411 | £1,138 | £14,242 | 12.5 yrs | £8,516 |
| 8 kW | 7838 kWh | 3135 kWh | 4703 kWh | £830 | £470 | £1,300 | £16,276 | 12.5 yrs | £9,732 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £974, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1959 kWh | 1176 kWh | 784 kWh | £311 | £78 | £390 | £6,169 | 15.8 yrs | £1,625 |
| 3 kW | 2939 kWh | 1763 kWh | 1176 kWh | £467 | £118 | £585 | £8,204 | 14.0 yrs | £3,487 |
| 4 kW | 3919 kWh | 2351 kWh | 1568 kWh | £623 | £157 | £779 | £10,238 | 13.1 yrs | £5,350 |
| 5 kW | 4899 kWh | 2939 kWh | 1959 kWh | £778 | £196 | £974 | £12,273 | 12.6 yrs | £7,212 |
| 6 kW | 5878 kWh | 3527 kWh | 2351 kWh | £934 | £235 | £1,169 | £14,307 | 12.2 yrs | £9,074 |
| 7 kW | 6858 kWh | 4115 kWh | 2743 kWh | £1,090 | £274 | £1,364 | £16,342 | 12.0 yrs | £10,937 |
| 8 kW | 7838 kWh | 4703 kWh | 3135 kWh | £1,245 | £314 | £1,559 | £18,376 | 11.8 yrs | £12,799 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,055, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1959 kWh | 1372 kWh | 588 kWh | £363 | £59 | £422 | £7,569 | 17.9 yrs | £871 |
| 3 kW | 2939 kWh | 2057 kWh | 882 kWh | £545 | £88 | £633 | £9,604 | 15.2 yrs | £3,056 |
| 4 kW | 3919 kWh | 2743 kWh | 1176 kWh | £726 | £118 | £844 | £11,638 | 13.8 yrs | £5,241 |
| 5 kW | 4899 kWh | 3429 kWh | 1470 kWh | £908 | £147 | £1,055 | £13,673 | 13.0 yrs | £7,426 |
| 6 kW | 5878 kWh | 4115 kWh | 1763 kWh | £1,090 | £176 | £1,266 | £15,707 | 12.4 yrs | £9,612 |
| 7 kW | 6858 kWh | 4801 kWh | 2057 kWh | £1,271 | £206 | £1,477 | £17,742 | 12.0 yrs | £11,797 |
| 8 kW | 7838 kWh | 5486 kWh | 2351 kWh | £1,453 | £235 | £1,688 | £19,776 | 11.7 yrs | £13,982 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,079, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1959 kWh | 1430 kWh | 529 kWh | £379 | £53 | £432 | £9,319 | 21.6 yrs | £-686 |
| 3 kW | 2939 kWh | 2146 kWh | 794 kWh | £568 | £79 | £648 | £11,354 | 17.5 yrs | £1,597 |
| 4 kW | 3919 kWh | 2861 kWh | 1058 kWh | £758 | £106 | £863 | £13,388 | 15.5 yrs | £3,879 |
| 5 kW | 4899 kWh | 3576 kWh | 1323 kWh | £947 | £132 | £1,079 | £15,423 | 14.3 yrs | £6,161 |
| 6 kW | 5878 kWh | 4291 kWh | 1587 kWh | £1,136 | £159 | £1,295 | £17,457 | 13.5 yrs | £8,443 |
| 7 kW | 6858 kWh | 5006 kWh | 1852 kWh | £1,326 | £185 | £1,511 | £19,492 | 12.9 yrs | £10,725 |
| 8 kW | 7838 kWh | 5722 kWh | 2116 kWh | £1,515 | £212 | £1,727 | £21,526 | 12.5 yrs | £13,007 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,095, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1959 kWh | 1470 kWh | 490 kWh | £389 | £49 | £438 | £11,069 | 25.3 yrs | £-2,306 |
| 3 kW | 2939 kWh | 2204 kWh | 735 kWh | £584 | £73 | £657 | £13,104 | 19.9 yrs | £40 |
| 4 kW | 3919 kWh | 2939 kWh | 980 kWh | £778 | £98 | £876 | £15,138 | 17.3 yrs | £2,387 |
| 5 kW | 4899 kWh | 3674 kWh | 1225 kWh | £973 | £122 | £1,095 | £17,173 | 15.7 yrs | £4,734 |
| 6 kW | 5878 kWh | 4409 kWh | 1470 kWh | £1,167 | £147 | £1,314 | £19,207 | 14.6 yrs | £7,081 |
| 7 kW | 6858 kWh | 5143 kWh | 1714 kWh | £1,362 | £171 | £1,533 | £21,242 | 13.9 yrs | £9,427 |
| 8 kW | 7838 kWh | 5878 kWh | 1959 kWh | £1,557 | £196 | £1,753 | £23,276 | 13.3 yrs | £11,774 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,111, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1959 kWh | 1509 kWh | 451 kWh | £400 | £45 | £445 | £13,519 | 30.4 yrs | £-4,627 |
| 3 kW | 2939 kWh | 2263 kWh | 676 kWh | £599 | £68 | £667 | £15,554 | 23.3 yrs | £-2,216 |
| 4 kW | 3919 kWh | 3018 kWh | 901 kWh | £799 | £90 | £889 | £17,588 | 19.8 yrs | £195 |
| 5 kW | 4899 kWh | 3772 kWh | 1127 kWh | £999 | £113 | £1,111 | £19,623 | 17.7 yrs | £2,607 |
| 6 kW | 5878 kWh | 4526 kWh | 1352 kWh | £1,199 | £135 | £1,334 | £21,657 | 16.2 yrs | £5,018 |
| 7 kW | 6858 kWh | 5281 kWh | 1577 kWh | £1,398 | £158 | £1,556 | £23,692 | 15.2 yrs | £7,429 |
| 8 kW | 7838 kWh | 6035 kWh | 1803 kWh | £1,598 | £180 | £1,778 | £25,726 | 14.5 yrs | £9,841 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.