A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 946 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £791, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1891 kWh | 756 kWh | 1135 kWh | £203 | £113 | £316 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,258 |
| 3 kW | 2837 kWh | 1135 kWh | 1702 kWh | £304 | £170 | £475 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,387 |
| 4 kW | 3782 kWh | 1513 kWh | 2269 kWh | £406 | £227 | £633 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,516 |
| 5 kW | 4728 kWh | 1891 kWh | 2837 kWh | £507 | £284 | £791 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,645 |
| 6 kW | 5674 kWh | 2269 kWh | 3404 kWh | £609 | £340 | £949 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,775 |
| 7 kW | 6619 kWh | 2648 kWh | 3972 kWh | £710 | £397 | £1,107 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,904 |
| 8 kW | 7565 kWh | 3026 kWh | 4539 kWh | £812 | £454 | £1,265 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £9,033 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £950, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1891 kWh | 1135 kWh | 756 kWh | £304 | £76 | £380 | £6,169 | 16.2 yrs | £1,431 |
| 3 kW | 2837 kWh | 1702 kWh | 1135 kWh | £456 | £113 | £570 | £8,204 | 14.4 yrs | £3,196 |
| 4 kW | 3782 kWh | 2269 kWh | 1513 kWh | £609 | £151 | £760 | £10,238 | 13.5 yrs | £4,961 |
| 5 kW | 4728 kWh | 2837 kWh | 1891 kWh | £761 | £189 | £950 | £12,273 | 12.9 yrs | £6,726 |
| 6 kW | 5674 kWh | 3404 kWh | 2269 kWh | £913 | £227 | £1,140 | £14,307 | 12.6 yrs | £8,492 |
| 7 kW | 6619 kWh | 3972 kWh | 2648 kWh | £1,065 | £265 | £1,330 | £16,342 | 12.3 yrs | £10,257 |
| 8 kW | 7565 kWh | 4539 kWh | 3026 kWh | £1,217 | £303 | £1,520 | £18,376 | 12.1 yrs | £12,022 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,029, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1891 kWh | 1324 kWh | 567 kWh | £355 | £57 | £412 | £7,569 | 18.4 yrs | £667 |
| 3 kW | 2837 kWh | 1986 kWh | 851 kWh | £533 | £85 | £618 | £9,604 | 15.5 yrs | £2,750 |
| 4 kW | 3782 kWh | 2648 kWh | 1135 kWh | £710 | £113 | £824 | £11,638 | 14.1 yrs | £4,834 |
| 5 kW | 4728 kWh | 3310 kWh | 1418 kWh | £888 | £142 | £1,029 | £13,673 | 13.3 yrs | £6,917 |
| 6 kW | 5674 kWh | 3972 kWh | 1702 kWh | £1,065 | £170 | £1,235 | £15,707 | 12.7 yrs | £9,000 |
| 7 kW | 6619 kWh | 4633 kWh | 1986 kWh | £1,243 | £199 | £1,441 | £17,742 | 12.3 yrs | £11,084 |
| 8 kW | 7565 kWh | 5295 kWh | 2269 kWh | £1,420 | £227 | £1,647 | £19,776 | 12.0 yrs | £13,167 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,053, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1891 kWh | 1381 kWh | 511 kWh | £370 | £51 | £421 | £9,319 | 22.1 yrs | £-892 |
| 3 kW | 2837 kWh | 2071 kWh | 766 kWh | £555 | £77 | £632 | £11,354 | 18.0 yrs | £1,286 |
| 4 kW | 3782 kWh | 2761 kWh | 1021 kWh | £741 | £102 | £843 | £13,388 | 15.9 yrs | £3,465 |
| 5 kW | 4728 kWh | 3451 kWh | 1277 kWh | £926 | £128 | £1,053 | £15,423 | 14.6 yrs | £5,644 |
| 6 kW | 5674 kWh | 4142 kWh | 1532 kWh | £1,111 | £153 | £1,264 | £17,457 | 13.8 yrs | £7,823 |
| 7 kW | 6619 kWh | 4832 kWh | 1787 kWh | £1,296 | £179 | £1,475 | £19,492 | 13.2 yrs | £10,002 |
| 8 kW | 7565 kWh | 5522 kWh | 2042 kWh | £1,481 | £204 | £1,685 | £21,526 | 12.8 yrs | £12,181 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,069, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1891 kWh | 1418 kWh | 473 kWh | £380 | £47 | £428 | £11,069 | 25.9 yrs | £-2,515 |
| 3 kW | 2837 kWh | 2128 kWh | 709 kWh | £571 | £71 | £642 | £13,104 | 20.4 yrs | £-273 |
| 4 kW | 3782 kWh | 2837 kWh | 946 kWh | £761 | £95 | £855 | £15,138 | 17.7 yrs | £1,970 |
| 5 kW | 4728 kWh | 3546 kWh | 1182 kWh | £951 | £118 | £1,069 | £17,173 | 16.1 yrs | £4,212 |
| 6 kW | 5674 kWh | 4255 kWh | 1418 kWh | £1,141 | £142 | £1,283 | £19,207 | 15.0 yrs | £6,455 |
| 7 kW | 6619 kWh | 4964 kWh | 1655 kWh | £1,331 | £165 | £1,497 | £21,242 | 14.2 yrs | £8,697 |
| 8 kW | 7565 kWh | 5674 kWh | 1891 kWh | £1,522 | £189 | £1,711 | £23,276 | 13.6 yrs | £10,940 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,085, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1891 kWh | 1456 kWh | 435 kWh | £391 | £43 | £434 | £13,519 | 31.1 yrs | £-4,838 |
| 3 kW | 2837 kWh | 2184 kWh | 652 kWh | £586 | £65 | £651 | £15,554 | 23.9 yrs | £-2,532 |
| 4 kW | 3782 kWh | 2912 kWh | 870 kWh | £781 | £87 | £868 | £17,588 | 20.3 yrs | £-226 |
| 5 kW | 4728 kWh | 3641 kWh | 1087 kWh | £976 | £109 | £1,085 | £19,623 | 18.1 yrs | £2,080 |
| 6 kW | 5674 kWh | 4369 kWh | 1305 kWh | £1,172 | £130 | £1,302 | £21,657 | 16.6 yrs | £4,386 |
| 7 kW | 6619 kWh | 5097 kWh | 1522 kWh | £1,367 | £152 | £1,519 | £23,692 | 15.6 yrs | £6,692 |
| 8 kW | 7565 kWh | 5825 kWh | 1740 kWh | £1,562 | £174 | £1,736 | £25,726 | 14.8 yrs | £8,998 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.