A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 913 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £746, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1826 kWh | 730 kWh | 1096 kWh | £189 | £110 | £298 | £4,069 | 13.6 yrs | £1,897 |
| 3 kW | 2739 kWh | 1096 kWh | 1644 kWh | £283 | £164 | £447 | £6,104 | 13.6 yrs | £2,846 |
| 4 kW | 3652 kWh | 1461 kWh | 2191 kWh | £377 | £219 | £597 | £8,138 | 13.6 yrs | £3,795 |
| 5 kW | 4565 kWh | 1826 kWh | 2739 kWh | £472 | £274 | £746 | £10,173 | 13.6 yrs | £4,743 |
| 6 kW | 5478 kWh | 2191 kWh | 3287 kWh | £566 | £329 | £895 | £12,207 | 13.6 yrs | £5,692 |
| 7 kW | 6391 kWh | 2557 kWh | 3835 kWh | £661 | £383 | £1,044 | £14,242 | 13.6 yrs | £6,641 |
| 8 kW | 7305 kWh | 2922 kWh | 4383 kWh | £755 | £438 | £1,193 | £16,276 | 13.6 yrs | £7,589 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £890, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1826 kWh | 1096 kWh | 730 kWh | £283 | £73 | £356 | £6,169 | 17.3 yrs | £954 |
| 3 kW | 2739 kWh | 1644 kWh | 1096 kWh | £425 | £110 | £534 | £8,204 | 15.4 yrs | £2,482 |
| 4 kW | 3652 kWh | 2191 kWh | 1461 kWh | £566 | £146 | £712 | £10,238 | 14.4 yrs | £4,009 |
| 5 kW | 4565 kWh | 2739 kWh | 1826 kWh | £708 | £183 | £890 | £12,273 | 13.8 yrs | £5,536 |
| 6 kW | 5478 kWh | 3287 kWh | 2191 kWh | £849 | £219 | £1,069 | £14,307 | 13.4 yrs | £7,063 |
| 7 kW | 6391 kWh | 3835 kWh | 2557 kWh | £991 | £256 | £1,247 | £16,342 | 13.1 yrs | £8,590 |
| 8 kW | 7305 kWh | 4383 kWh | 2922 kWh | £1,132 | £292 | £1,425 | £18,376 | 12.9 yrs | £10,118 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £963, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1826 kWh | 1278 kWh | 548 kWh | £330 | £55 | £385 | £7,569 | 19.7 yrs | £133 |
| 3 kW | 2739 kWh | 1917 kWh | 822 kWh | £495 | £82 | £578 | £9,604 | 16.6 yrs | £1,949 |
| 4 kW | 3652 kWh | 2557 kWh | 1096 kWh | £661 | £110 | £770 | £11,638 | 15.1 yrs | £3,766 |
| 5 kW | 4565 kWh | 3196 kWh | 1370 kWh | £826 | £137 | £963 | £13,673 | 14.2 yrs | £5,582 |
| 6 kW | 5478 kWh | 3835 kWh | 1644 kWh | £991 | £164 | £1,155 | £15,707 | 13.6 yrs | £7,399 |
| 7 kW | 6391 kWh | 4474 kWh | 1917 kWh | £1,156 | £192 | £1,348 | £17,742 | 13.2 yrs | £9,215 |
| 8 kW | 7305 kWh | 5113 kWh | 2191 kWh | £1,321 | £219 | £1,540 | £19,776 | 12.8 yrs | £11,032 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £984, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1826 kWh | 1333 kWh | 493 kWh | £344 | £49 | £394 | £9,319 | 23.7 yrs | £-1,444 |
| 3 kW | 2739 kWh | 2000 kWh | 740 kWh | £517 | £74 | £591 | £11,354 | 19.2 yrs | £460 |
| 4 kW | 3652 kWh | 2666 kWh | 986 kWh | £689 | £99 | £788 | £13,388 | 17.0 yrs | £2,363 |
| 5 kW | 4565 kWh | 3333 kWh | 1233 kWh | £861 | £123 | £984 | £15,423 | 15.7 yrs | £4,266 |
| 6 kW | 5478 kWh | 3999 kWh | 1479 kWh | £1,033 | £148 | £1,181 | £17,457 | 14.8 yrs | £6,169 |
| 7 kW | 6391 kWh | 4666 kWh | 1726 kWh | £1,206 | £173 | £1,378 | £19,492 | 14.1 yrs | £8,073 |
| 8 kW | 7305 kWh | 5332 kWh | 1972 kWh | £1,378 | £197 | £1,575 | £21,526 | 13.7 yrs | £9,976 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £999, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1826 kWh | 1370 kWh | 457 kWh | £354 | £46 | £400 | £11,069 | 27.7 yrs | £-3,078 |
| 3 kW | 2739 kWh | 2054 kWh | 685 kWh | £531 | £68 | £599 | £13,104 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,117 |
| 4 kW | 3652 kWh | 2739 kWh | 913 kWh | £708 | £91 | £799 | £15,138 | 18.9 yrs | £844 |
| 5 kW | 4565 kWh | 3424 kWh | 1141 kWh | £885 | £114 | £999 | £17,173 | 17.2 yrs | £2,805 |
| 6 kW | 5478 kWh | 4109 kWh | 1370 kWh | £1,062 | £137 | £1,199 | £19,207 | 16.0 yrs | £4,767 |
| 7 kW | 6391 kWh | 4794 kWh | 1598 kWh | £1,239 | £160 | £1,398 | £21,242 | 15.2 yrs | £6,728 |
| 8 kW | 7305 kWh | 5478 kWh | 1826 kWh | £1,416 | £183 | £1,598 | £23,276 | 14.6 yrs | £8,689 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,013, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1826 kWh | 1406 kWh | 420 kWh | £363 | £42 | £405 | £13,519 | 33.4 yrs | £-5,412 |
| 3 kW | 2739 kWh | 2109 kWh | 630 kWh | £545 | £63 | £608 | £15,554 | 25.6 yrs | £-3,393 |
| 4 kW | 3652 kWh | 2812 kWh | 840 kWh | £727 | £84 | £811 | £17,588 | 21.7 yrs | £-1,374 |
| 5 kW | 4565 kWh | 3515 kWh | 1050 kWh | £908 | £105 | £1,013 | £19,623 | 19.4 yrs | £645 |
| 6 kW | 5478 kWh | 4218 kWh | 1260 kWh | £1,090 | £126 | £1,216 | £21,657 | 17.8 yrs | £2,664 |
| 7 kW | 6391 kWh | 4921 kWh | 1470 kWh | £1,272 | £147 | £1,419 | £23,692 | 16.7 yrs | £4,683 |
| 8 kW | 7305 kWh | 5625 kWh | 1680 kWh | £1,453 | £168 | £1,621 | £25,726 | 15.9 yrs | £6,701 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.