A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1109 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £920, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2219 kWh | 887 kWh | 1331 kWh | £235 | £133 | £368 | £4,069 | 11.1 yrs | £3,293 |
| 3 kW | 3328 kWh | 1331 kWh | 1997 kWh | £352 | £200 | £552 | £6,104 | 11.1 yrs | £4,940 |
| 4 kW | 4437 kWh | 1775 kWh | 2662 kWh | £470 | £266 | £736 | £8,138 | 11.1 yrs | £6,586 |
| 5 kW | 5546 kWh | 2219 kWh | 3328 kWh | £587 | £333 | £920 | £10,173 | 11.1 yrs | £8,233 |
| 6 kW | 6656 kWh | 2662 kWh | 3993 kWh | £705 | £399 | £1,104 | £12,207 | 11.1 yrs | £9,879 |
| 7 kW | 7765 kWh | 3106 kWh | 4659 kWh | £822 | £466 | £1,288 | £14,242 | 11.1 yrs | £11,526 |
| 8 kW | 8874 kWh | 3550 kWh | 5325 kWh | £940 | £532 | £1,472 | £16,276 | 11.1 yrs | £13,172 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,103, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2219 kWh | 1331 kWh | 887 kWh | £352 | £89 | £441 | £6,169 | 14.0 yrs | £2,656 |
| 3 kW | 3328 kWh | 1997 kWh | 1331 kWh | £529 | £133 | £662 | £8,204 | 12.4 yrs | £5,033 |
| 4 kW | 4437 kWh | 2662 kWh | 1775 kWh | £705 | £177 | £882 | £10,238 | 11.6 yrs | £7,411 |
| 5 kW | 5546 kWh | 3328 kWh | 2219 kWh | £881 | £222 | £1,103 | £12,273 | 11.1 yrs | £9,789 |
| 6 kW | 6656 kWh | 3993 kWh | 2662 kWh | £1,057 | £266 | £1,324 | £14,307 | 10.8 yrs | £12,167 |
| 7 kW | 7765 kWh | 4659 kWh | 3106 kWh | £1,234 | £311 | £1,544 | £16,342 | 10.6 yrs | £14,545 |
| 8 kW | 8874 kWh | 5325 kWh | 3550 kWh | £1,410 | £355 | £1,765 | £18,376 | 10.4 yrs | £16,922 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,194, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2219 kWh | 1553 kWh | 666 kWh | £411 | £67 | £478 | £7,569 | 15.8 yrs | £1,987 |
| 3 kW | 3328 kWh | 2330 kWh | 998 kWh | £617 | £100 | £717 | £9,604 | 13.4 yrs | £4,730 |
| 4 kW | 4437 kWh | 3106 kWh | 1331 kWh | £822 | £133 | £956 | £11,638 | 12.2 yrs | £7,474 |
| 5 kW | 5546 kWh | 3883 kWh | 1664 kWh | £1,028 | £166 | £1,194 | £13,673 | 11.4 yrs | £10,217 |
| 6 kW | 6656 kWh | 4659 kWh | 1997 kWh | £1,234 | £200 | £1,433 | £15,707 | 11.0 yrs | £12,961 |
| 7 kW | 7765 kWh | 5436 kWh | 2330 kWh | £1,439 | £233 | £1,672 | £17,742 | 10.6 yrs | £15,704 |
| 8 kW | 8874 kWh | 6212 kWh | 2662 kWh | £1,645 | £266 | £1,911 | £19,776 | 10.3 yrs | £18,447 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,222, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2219 kWh | 1620 kWh | 599 kWh | £429 | £60 | £489 | £9,319 | 19.1 yrs | £456 |
| 3 kW | 3328 kWh | 2429 kWh | 899 kWh | £643 | £90 | £733 | £11,354 | 15.5 yrs | £3,309 |
| 4 kW | 4437 kWh | 3239 kWh | 1198 kWh | £858 | £120 | £978 | £13,388 | 13.7 yrs | £6,162 |
| 5 kW | 5546 kWh | 4049 kWh | 1498 kWh | £1,072 | £150 | £1,222 | £15,423 | 12.6 yrs | £9,016 |
| 6 kW | 6656 kWh | 4859 kWh | 1797 kWh | £1,287 | £180 | £1,466 | £17,457 | 11.9 yrs | £11,869 |
| 7 kW | 7765 kWh | 5668 kWh | 2097 kWh | £1,501 | £210 | £1,711 | £19,492 | 11.4 yrs | £14,722 |
| 8 kW | 8874 kWh | 6478 kWh | 2396 kWh | £1,715 | £240 | £1,955 | £21,526 | 11.0 yrs | £17,575 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,240, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2219 kWh | 1664 kWh | 555 kWh | £441 | £55 | £496 | £11,069 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,148 |
| 3 kW | 3328 kWh | 2496 kWh | 832 kWh | £661 | £83 | £744 | £13,104 | 17.6 yrs | £1,779 |
| 4 kW | 4437 kWh | 3328 kWh | 1109 kWh | £881 | £111 | £992 | £15,138 | 15.3 yrs | £4,705 |
| 5 kW | 5546 kWh | 4160 kWh | 1387 kWh | £1,102 | £139 | £1,240 | £17,173 | 13.8 yrs | £7,631 |
| 6 kW | 6656 kWh | 4992 kWh | 1664 kWh | £1,322 | £166 | £1,488 | £19,207 | 12.9 yrs | £10,557 |
| 7 kW | 7765 kWh | 5824 kWh | 1941 kWh | £1,542 | £194 | £1,736 | £21,242 | 12.2 yrs | £13,484 |
| 8 kW | 8874 kWh | 6656 kWh | 2219 kWh | £1,762 | £222 | £1,984 | £23,276 | 11.7 yrs | £16,410 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,258, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2219 kWh | 1708 kWh | 510 kWh | £452 | £51 | £503 | £13,519 | 26.9 yrs | £-3,451 |
| 3 kW | 3328 kWh | 2562 kWh | 765 kWh | £679 | £77 | £755 | £15,554 | 20.6 yrs | £-452 |
| 4 kW | 4437 kWh | 3417 kWh | 1021 kWh | £905 | £102 | £1,007 | £17,588 | 17.5 yrs | £2,547 |
| 5 kW | 5546 kWh | 4271 kWh | 1276 kWh | £1,131 | £128 | £1,258 | £19,623 | 15.6 yrs | £5,547 |
| 6 kW | 6656 kWh | 5125 kWh | 1531 kWh | £1,357 | £153 | £1,510 | £21,657 | 14.3 yrs | £8,546 |
| 7 kW | 7765 kWh | 5979 kWh | 1786 kWh | £1,583 | £179 | £1,762 | £23,692 | 13.4 yrs | £11,546 |
| 8 kW | 8874 kWh | 6833 kWh | 2041 kWh | £1,809 | £204 | £2,014 | £25,726 | 12.8 yrs | £14,545 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.