A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 947 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.3p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £764, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1894 kWh | 758 kWh | 1136 kWh | £192 | £114 | £306 | £4,069 | 13.3 yrs | £2,041 |
| 3 kW | 2841 kWh | 1136 kWh | 1704 kWh | £288 | £170 | £458 | £6,104 | 13.3 yrs | £3,062 |
| 4 kW | 3788 kWh | 1515 kWh | 2273 kWh | £384 | £227 | £611 | £8,138 | 13.3 yrs | £4,083 |
| 5 kW | 4735 kWh | 1894 kWh | 2841 kWh | £480 | £284 | £764 | £10,173 | 13.3 yrs | £5,103 |
| 6 kW | 5682 kWh | 2273 kWh | 3409 kWh | £576 | £341 | £917 | £12,207 | 13.3 yrs | £6,124 |
| 7 kW | 6628 kWh | 2651 kWh | 3977 kWh | £672 | £398 | £1,069 | £14,242 | 13.3 yrs | £7,144 |
| 8 kW | 7575 kWh | 3030 kWh | 4545 kWh | £768 | £455 | £1,222 | £16,276 | 13.3 yrs | £8,165 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £909, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1894 kWh | 1136 kWh | 758 kWh | £288 | £76 | £364 | £6,169 | 17.0 yrs | £1,103 |
| 3 kW | 2841 kWh | 1704 kWh | 1136 kWh | £432 | £114 | £545 | £8,204 | 15.0 yrs | £2,704 |
| 4 kW | 3788 kWh | 2273 kWh | 1515 kWh | £576 | £152 | £727 | £10,238 | 14.1 yrs | £4,305 |
| 5 kW | 4735 kWh | 2841 kWh | 1894 kWh | £720 | £189 | £909 | £12,273 | 13.5 yrs | £5,906 |
| 6 kW | 5682 kWh | 3409 kWh | 2273 kWh | £863 | £227 | £1,091 | £14,307 | 13.1 yrs | £7,508 |
| 7 kW | 6628 kWh | 3977 kWh | 2651 kWh | £1,007 | £265 | £1,273 | £16,342 | 12.8 yrs | £9,109 |
| 8 kW | 7575 kWh | 4545 kWh | 3030 kWh | £1,151 | £303 | £1,454 | £18,376 | 12.6 yrs | £10,710 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £982, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1894 kWh | 1326 kWh | 568 kWh | £336 | £57 | £393 | £7,569 | 19.3 yrs | £283 |
| 3 kW | 2841 kWh | 1989 kWh | 852 kWh | £504 | £85 | £589 | £9,604 | 16.3 yrs | £2,175 |
| 4 kW | 3788 kWh | 2651 kWh | 1136 kWh | £672 | £114 | £785 | £11,638 | 14.8 yrs | £4,066 |
| 5 kW | 4735 kWh | 3314 kWh | 1420 kWh | £839 | £142 | £982 | £13,673 | 13.9 yrs | £5,958 |
| 6 kW | 5682 kWh | 3977 kWh | 1704 kWh | £1,007 | £170 | £1,178 | £15,707 | 13.3 yrs | £7,850 |
| 7 kW | 6628 kWh | 4640 kWh | 1989 kWh | £1,175 | £199 | £1,374 | £17,742 | 12.9 yrs | £9,741 |
| 8 kW | 7575 kWh | 5303 kWh | 2273 kWh | £1,343 | £227 | £1,570 | £19,776 | 12.6 yrs | £11,633 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,003, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1894 kWh | 1383 kWh | 511 kWh | £350 | £51 | £401 | £9,319 | 23.2 yrs | £-1,293 |
| 3 kW | 2841 kWh | 2074 kWh | 767 kWh | £525 | £77 | £602 | £11,354 | 18.9 yrs | £686 |
| 4 kW | 3788 kWh | 2765 kWh | 1023 kWh | £700 | £102 | £803 | £13,388 | 16.7 yrs | £2,665 |
| 5 kW | 4735 kWh | 3456 kWh | 1278 kWh | £875 | £128 | £1,003 | £15,423 | 15.4 yrs | £4,644 |
| 6 kW | 5682 kWh | 4148 kWh | 1534 kWh | £1,051 | £153 | £1,204 | £17,457 | 14.5 yrs | £6,622 |
| 7 kW | 6628 kWh | 4839 kWh | 1790 kWh | £1,226 | £179 | £1,405 | £19,492 | 13.9 yrs | £8,601 |
| 8 kW | 7575 kWh | 5530 kWh | 2045 kWh | £1,401 | £205 | £1,605 | £21,526 | 13.4 yrs | £10,580 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,018, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1894 kWh | 1420 kWh | 473 kWh | £360 | £47 | £407 | £11,069 | 27.2 yrs | £-2,926 |
| 3 kW | 2841 kWh | 2131 kWh | 710 kWh | £540 | £71 | £611 | £13,104 | 21.5 yrs | £-890 |
| 4 kW | 3788 kWh | 2841 kWh | 947 kWh | £720 | £95 | £814 | £15,138 | 18.6 yrs | £1,147 |
| 5 kW | 4735 kWh | 3551 kWh | 1184 kWh | £899 | £118 | £1,018 | £17,173 | 16.9 yrs | £3,184 |
| 6 kW | 5682 kWh | 4261 kWh | 1420 kWh | £1,079 | £142 | £1,221 | £19,207 | 15.7 yrs | £5,221 |
| 7 kW | 6628 kWh | 4971 kWh | 1657 kWh | £1,259 | £166 | £1,425 | £21,242 | 14.9 yrs | £7,257 |
| 8 kW | 7575 kWh | 5682 kWh | 1894 kWh | £1,439 | £189 | £1,629 | £23,276 | 14.3 yrs | £9,294 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,032, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1894 kWh | 1458 kWh | 436 kWh | £369 | £44 | £413 | £13,519 | 32.7 yrs | £-5,260 |
| 3 kW | 2841 kWh | 2187 kWh | 653 kWh | £554 | £65 | £619 | £15,554 | 25.1 yrs | £-3,165 |
| 4 kW | 3788 kWh | 2917 kWh | 871 kWh | £739 | £87 | £826 | £17,588 | 21.3 yrs | £-1,071 |
| 5 kW | 4735 kWh | 3646 kWh | 1089 kWh | £923 | £109 | £1,032 | £19,623 | 19.0 yrs | £1,024 |
| 6 kW | 5682 kWh | 4375 kWh | 1307 kWh | £1,108 | £131 | £1,239 | £21,657 | 17.5 yrs | £3,119 |
| 7 kW | 6628 kWh | 5104 kWh | 1525 kWh | £1,293 | £152 | £1,445 | £23,692 | 16.4 yrs | £5,214 |
| 8 kW | 7575 kWh | 5833 kWh | 1742 kWh | £1,478 | £174 | £1,652 | £25,726 | 15.6 yrs | £7,309 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.