A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 950 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.3p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £766, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1900 kWh | 760 kWh | 1140 kWh | £193 | £114 | £307 | £4,069 | 13.3 yrs | £2,061 |
| 3 kW | 2850 kWh | 1140 kWh | 1710 kWh | £289 | £171 | £460 | £6,104 | 13.3 yrs | £3,092 |
| 4 kW | 3800 kWh | 1520 kWh | 2280 kWh | £385 | £228 | £613 | £8,138 | 13.3 yrs | £4,123 |
| 5 kW | 4750 kWh | 1900 kWh | 2850 kWh | £481 | £285 | £766 | £10,173 | 13.3 yrs | £5,153 |
| 6 kW | 5700 kWh | 2280 kWh | 3420 kWh | £578 | £342 | £920 | £12,207 | 13.3 yrs | £6,184 |
| 7 kW | 6650 kWh | 2660 kWh | 3990 kWh | £674 | £399 | £1,073 | £14,242 | 13.3 yrs | £7,214 |
| 8 kW | 7600 kWh | 3040 kWh | 4560 kWh | £770 | £456 | £1,226 | £16,276 | 13.3 yrs | £8,245 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £912, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1900 kWh | 1140 kWh | 760 kWh | £289 | £76 | £365 | £6,169 | 16.9 yrs | £1,126 |
| 3 kW | 2850 kWh | 1710 kWh | 1140 kWh | £433 | £114 | £547 | £8,204 | 15.0 yrs | £2,740 |
| 4 kW | 3800 kWh | 2280 kWh | 1520 kWh | £578 | £152 | £730 | £10,238 | 14.0 yrs | £4,353 |
| 5 kW | 4750 kWh | 2850 kWh | 1900 kWh | £722 | £190 | £912 | £12,273 | 13.5 yrs | £5,966 |
| 6 kW | 5700 kWh | 3420 kWh | 2280 kWh | £866 | £228 | £1,094 | £14,307 | 13.1 yrs | £7,579 |
| 7 kW | 6650 kWh | 3990 kWh | 2660 kWh | £1,011 | £266 | £1,277 | £16,342 | 12.8 yrs | £9,192 |
| 8 kW | 7600 kWh | 4560 kWh | 3040 kWh | £1,155 | £304 | £1,459 | £18,376 | 12.6 yrs | £10,805 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £985, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1900 kWh | 1330 kWh | 570 kWh | £337 | £57 | £394 | £7,569 | 19.2 yrs | £309 |
| 3 kW | 2850 kWh | 1995 kWh | 855 kWh | £505 | £86 | £591 | £9,604 | 16.3 yrs | £2,213 |
| 4 kW | 3800 kWh | 2660 kWh | 1140 kWh | £674 | £114 | £788 | £11,638 | 14.8 yrs | £4,118 |
| 5 kW | 4750 kWh | 3325 kWh | 1425 kWh | £842 | £143 | £985 | £13,673 | 13.9 yrs | £6,022 |
| 6 kW | 5700 kWh | 3990 kWh | 1710 kWh | £1,011 | £171 | £1,182 | £15,707 | 13.3 yrs | £7,927 |
| 7 kW | 6650 kWh | 4655 kWh | 1995 kWh | £1,179 | £200 | £1,379 | £17,742 | 12.9 yrs | £9,831 |
| 8 kW | 7600 kWh | 5320 kWh | 2280 kWh | £1,348 | £228 | £1,576 | £19,776 | 12.6 yrs | £11,736 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,007, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1900 kWh | 1387 kWh | 513 kWh | £351 | £51 | £403 | £9,319 | 23.1 yrs | £-1,266 |
| 3 kW | 2850 kWh | 2081 kWh | 770 kWh | £527 | £77 | £604 | £11,354 | 18.8 yrs | £726 |
| 4 kW | 3800 kWh | 2774 kWh | 1026 kWh | £703 | £103 | £805 | £13,388 | 16.6 yrs | £2,717 |
| 5 kW | 4750 kWh | 3468 kWh | 1283 kWh | £878 | £128 | £1,007 | £15,423 | 15.3 yrs | £4,709 |
| 6 kW | 5700 kWh | 4161 kWh | 1539 kWh | £1,054 | £154 | £1,208 | £17,457 | 14.5 yrs | £6,701 |
| 7 kW | 6650 kWh | 4855 kWh | 1796 kWh | £1,230 | £180 | £1,409 | £19,492 | 13.8 yrs | £8,693 |
| 8 kW | 7600 kWh | 5548 kWh | 2052 kWh | £1,405 | £205 | £1,611 | £21,526 | 13.4 yrs | £10,685 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,021, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1900 kWh | 1425 kWh | 475 kWh | £361 | £48 | £408 | £11,069 | 27.1 yrs | £-2,900 |
| 3 kW | 2850 kWh | 2138 kWh | 713 kWh | £541 | £71 | £613 | £13,104 | 21.4 yrs | £-850 |
| 4 kW | 3800 kWh | 2850 kWh | 950 kWh | £722 | £95 | £817 | £15,138 | 18.5 yrs | £1,200 |
| 5 kW | 4750 kWh | 3563 kWh | 1188 kWh | £902 | £119 | £1,021 | £17,173 | 16.8 yrs | £3,251 |
| 6 kW | 5700 kWh | 4275 kWh | 1425 kWh | £1,083 | £143 | £1,225 | £19,207 | 15.7 yrs | £5,301 |
| 7 kW | 6650 kWh | 4988 kWh | 1663 kWh | £1,263 | £166 | £1,430 | £21,242 | 14.9 yrs | £7,351 |
| 8 kW | 7600 kWh | 5700 kWh | 1900 kWh | £1,444 | £190 | £1,634 | £23,276 | 14.2 yrs | £9,401 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,036, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1900 kWh | 1463 kWh | 437 kWh | £371 | £44 | £414 | £13,519 | 32.6 yrs | £-5,233 |
| 3 kW | 2850 kWh | 2195 kWh | 656 kWh | £556 | £66 | £621 | £15,554 | 25.0 yrs | £-3,125 |
| 4 kW | 3800 kWh | 2926 kWh | 874 kWh | £741 | £87 | £829 | £17,588 | 21.2 yrs | £-1,017 |
| 5 kW | 4750 kWh | 3658 kWh | 1093 kWh | £926 | £109 | £1,036 | £19,623 | 18.9 yrs | £1,092 |
| 6 kW | 5700 kWh | 4389 kWh | 1311 kWh | £1,112 | £131 | £1,243 | £21,657 | 17.4 yrs | £3,200 |
| 7 kW | 6650 kWh | 5121 kWh | 1530 kWh | £1,297 | £153 | £1,450 | £23,692 | 16.3 yrs | £5,308 |
| 8 kW | 7600 kWh | 5852 kWh | 1748 kWh | £1,482 | £175 | £1,657 | £25,726 | 15.5 yrs | £7,417 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.