A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 958 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.3p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £773, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1917 kWh | 767 kWh | 1150 kWh | £194 | £115 | £309 | £4,069 | 13.2 yrs | £2,115 |
| 3 kW | 2875 kWh | 1150 kWh | 1725 kWh | £291 | £172 | £464 | £6,104 | 13.2 yrs | £3,172 |
| 4 kW | 3833 kWh | 1533 kWh | 2300 kWh | £388 | £230 | £618 | £8,138 | 13.2 yrs | £4,230 |
| 5 kW | 4792 kWh | 1917 kWh | 2875 kWh | £485 | £287 | £773 | £10,173 | 13.2 yrs | £5,287 |
| 6 kW | 5750 kWh | 2300 kWh | 3450 kWh | £583 | £345 | £928 | £12,207 | 13.2 yrs | £6,344 |
| 7 kW | 6708 kWh | 2683 kWh | 4025 kWh | £680 | £402 | £1,082 | £14,242 | 13.2 yrs | £7,402 |
| 8 kW | 7667 kWh | 3067 kWh | 4600 kWh | £777 | £460 | £1,237 | £16,276 | 13.2 yrs | £8,459 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £920, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1917 kWh | 1150 kWh | 767 kWh | £291 | £77 | £368 | £6,169 | 16.8 yrs | £1,190 |
| 3 kW | 2875 kWh | 1725 kWh | 1150 kWh | £437 | £115 | £552 | £8,204 | 14.9 yrs | £2,835 |
| 4 kW | 3833 kWh | 2300 kWh | 1533 kWh | £583 | £153 | £736 | £10,238 | 13.9 yrs | £4,480 |
| 5 kW | 4792 kWh | 2875 kWh | 1917 kWh | £728 | £192 | £920 | £12,273 | 13.3 yrs | £6,125 |
| 6 kW | 5750 kWh | 3450 kWh | 2300 kWh | £874 | £230 | £1,104 | £14,307 | 13.0 yrs | £7,770 |
| 7 kW | 6708 kWh | 4025 kWh | 2683 kWh | £1,020 | £268 | £1,288 | £16,342 | 12.7 yrs | £9,415 |
| 8 kW | 7667 kWh | 4600 kWh | 3067 kWh | £1,165 | £307 | £1,472 | £18,376 | 12.5 yrs | £11,060 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £993, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1917 kWh | 1342 kWh | 575 kWh | £340 | £57 | £397 | £7,569 | 19.0 yrs | £378 |
| 3 kW | 2875 kWh | 2012 kWh | 862 kWh | £510 | £86 | £596 | £9,604 | 16.1 yrs | £2,317 |
| 4 kW | 3833 kWh | 2683 kWh | 1150 kWh | £680 | £115 | £795 | £11,638 | 14.6 yrs | £4,256 |
| 5 kW | 4792 kWh | 3354 kWh | 1437 kWh | £850 | £144 | £993 | £13,673 | 13.8 yrs | £6,194 |
| 6 kW | 5750 kWh | 4025 kWh | 1725 kWh | £1,020 | £172 | £1,192 | £15,707 | 13.2 yrs | £8,133 |
| 7 kW | 6708 kWh | 4696 kWh | 2012 kWh | £1,189 | £201 | £1,391 | £17,742 | 12.8 yrs | £10,072 |
| 8 kW | 7667 kWh | 5367 kWh | 2300 kWh | £1,359 | £230 | £1,589 | £19,776 | 12.4 yrs | £12,011 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,015, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1917 kWh | 1399 kWh | 517 kWh | £354 | £52 | £406 | £9,319 | 22.9 yrs | £-1,196 |
| 3 kW | 2875 kWh | 2099 kWh | 776 kWh | £532 | £78 | £609 | £11,354 | 18.6 yrs | £831 |
| 4 kW | 3833 kWh | 2798 kWh | 1035 kWh | £709 | £103 | £812 | £13,388 | 16.5 yrs | £2,858 |
| 5 kW | 4792 kWh | 3498 kWh | 1294 kWh | £886 | £129 | £1,015 | £15,423 | 15.2 yrs | £4,885 |
| 6 kW | 5750 kWh | 4197 kWh | 1552 kWh | £1,063 | £155 | £1,218 | £17,457 | 14.3 yrs | £6,912 |
| 7 kW | 6708 kWh | 4897 kWh | 1811 kWh | £1,240 | £181 | £1,422 | £19,492 | 13.7 yrs | £8,939 |
| 8 kW | 7667 kWh | 5597 kWh | 2070 kWh | £1,418 | £207 | £1,625 | £21,526 | 13.2 yrs | £10,966 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,030, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1917 kWh | 1437 kWh | 479 kWh | £364 | £48 | £412 | £11,069 | 26.9 yrs | £-2,828 |
| 3 kW | 2875 kWh | 2156 kWh | 719 kWh | £546 | £72 | £618 | £13,104 | 21.2 yrs | £-743 |
| 4 kW | 3833 kWh | 2875 kWh | 958 kWh | £728 | £96 | £824 | £15,138 | 18.4 yrs | £1,343 |
| 5 kW | 4792 kWh | 3594 kWh | 1198 kWh | £910 | £120 | £1,030 | £17,173 | 16.7 yrs | £3,429 |
| 6 kW | 5750 kWh | 4312 kWh | 1437 kWh | £1,092 | £144 | £1,236 | £19,207 | 15.5 yrs | £5,515 |
| 7 kW | 6708 kWh | 5031 kWh | 1677 kWh | £1,274 | £168 | £1,442 | £21,242 | 14.7 yrs | £7,601 |
| 8 kW | 7667 kWh | 5750 kWh | 1917 kWh | £1,456 | £192 | £1,648 | £23,276 | 14.1 yrs | £9,686 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,045, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1917 kWh | 1476 kWh | 441 kWh | £374 | £44 | £418 | £13,519 | 32.3 yrs | £-5,161 |
| 3 kW | 2875 kWh | 2214 kWh | 661 kWh | £561 | £66 | £627 | £15,554 | 24.8 yrs | £-3,016 |
| 4 kW | 3833 kWh | 2952 kWh | 882 kWh | £748 | £88 | £836 | £17,588 | 21.0 yrs | £-872 |
| 5 kW | 4792 kWh | 3690 kWh | 1102 kWh | £935 | £110 | £1,045 | £19,623 | 18.8 yrs | £1,273 |
| 6 kW | 5750 kWh | 4427 kWh | 1322 kWh | £1,121 | £132 | £1,254 | £21,657 | 17.3 yrs | £3,417 |
| 7 kW | 6708 kWh | 5165 kWh | 1543 kWh | £1,308 | £154 | £1,463 | £23,692 | 16.2 yrs | £5,562 |
| 8 kW | 7667 kWh | 5903 kWh | 1763 kWh | £1,495 | £176 | £1,672 | £25,726 | 15.4 yrs | £7,706 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.