A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 841 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £687, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1681 kWh | 672 kWh | 1009 kWh | £174 | £101 | £275 | £4,069 | 14.8 yrs | £1,423 |
| 3 kW | 2522 kWh | 1009 kWh | 1513 kWh | £261 | £151 | £412 | £6,104 | 14.8 yrs | £2,135 |
| 4 kW | 3362 kWh | 1345 kWh | 2017 kWh | £348 | £202 | £549 | £8,138 | 14.8 yrs | £2,846 |
| 5 kW | 4203 kWh | 1681 kWh | 2522 kWh | £434 | £252 | £687 | £10,173 | 14.8 yrs | £3,558 |
| 6 kW | 5043 kWh | 2017 kWh | 3026 kWh | £521 | £303 | £824 | £12,207 | 14.8 yrs | £4,270 |
| 7 kW | 5884 kWh | 2353 kWh | 3530 kWh | £608 | £353 | £961 | £14,242 | 14.8 yrs | £4,981 |
| 8 kW | 6724 kWh | 2690 kWh | 4034 kWh | £695 | £403 | £1,098 | £16,276 | 14.8 yrs | £5,693 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £820, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1681 kWh | 1009 kWh | 672 kWh | £261 | £67 | £328 | £6,169 | 18.8 yrs | £388 |
| 3 kW | 2522 kWh | 1513 kWh | 1009 kWh | £391 | £101 | £492 | £8,204 | 16.7 yrs | £1,632 |
| 4 kW | 3362 kWh | 2017 kWh | 1345 kWh | £521 | £134 | £656 | £10,238 | 15.6 yrs | £2,877 |
| 5 kW | 4203 kWh | 2522 kWh | 1681 kWh | £652 | £168 | £820 | £12,273 | 15.0 yrs | £4,121 |
| 6 kW | 5043 kWh | 3026 kWh | 2017 kWh | £782 | £202 | £984 | £14,307 | 14.5 yrs | £5,365 |
| 7 kW | 5884 kWh | 3530 kWh | 2353 kWh | £912 | £235 | £1,148 | £16,342 | 14.2 yrs | £6,609 |
| 8 kW | 6724 kWh | 4034 kWh | 2690 kWh | £1,043 | £269 | £1,311 | £18,376 | 14.0 yrs | £7,853 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £886, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1681 kWh | 1177 kWh | 504 kWh | £304 | £50 | £354 | £7,569 | 21.4 yrs | £-479 |
| 3 kW | 2522 kWh | 1765 kWh | 756 kWh | £456 | £76 | £532 | £9,604 | 18.1 yrs | £1,031 |
| 4 kW | 3362 kWh | 2353 kWh | 1009 kWh | £608 | £101 | £709 | £11,638 | 16.4 yrs | £2,542 |
| 5 kW | 4203 kWh | 2942 kWh | 1261 kWh | £760 | £126 | £886 | £13,673 | 15.4 yrs | £4,052 |
| 6 kW | 5043 kWh | 3530 kWh | 1513 kWh | £912 | £151 | £1,063 | £15,707 | 14.8 yrs | £5,563 |
| 7 kW | 5884 kWh | 4118 kWh | 1765 kWh | £1,064 | £177 | £1,241 | £17,742 | 14.3 yrs | £7,073 |
| 8 kW | 6724 kWh | 4707 kWh | 2017 kWh | £1,216 | £202 | £1,418 | £19,776 | 13.9 yrs | £8,583 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £906, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1681 kWh | 1227 kWh | 454 kWh | £317 | £45 | £362 | £9,319 | 25.7 yrs | £-2,069 |
| 3 kW | 2522 kWh | 1841 kWh | 681 kWh | £476 | £68 | £544 | £11,354 | 20.9 yrs | £-479 |
| 4 kW | 3362 kWh | 2454 kWh | 908 kWh | £634 | £91 | £725 | £13,388 | 18.5 yrs | £1,111 |
| 5 kW | 4203 kWh | 3068 kWh | 1135 kWh | £793 | £113 | £906 | £15,423 | 17.0 yrs | £2,702 |
| 6 kW | 5043 kWh | 3681 kWh | 1362 kWh | £951 | £136 | £1,087 | £17,457 | 16.1 yrs | £4,292 |
| 7 kW | 5884 kWh | 4295 kWh | 1589 kWh | £1,110 | £159 | £1,269 | £19,492 | 15.4 yrs | £5,882 |
| 8 kW | 6724 kWh | 4909 kWh | 1816 kWh | £1,268 | £182 | £1,450 | £21,526 | 14.8 yrs | £7,472 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £920, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1681 kWh | 1261 kWh | 420 kWh | £326 | £42 | £368 | £11,069 | 30.1 yrs | £-3,713 |
| 3 kW | 2522 kWh | 1891 kWh | 630 kWh | £489 | £63 | £552 | £13,104 | 23.8 yrs | £-2,069 |
| 4 kW | 3362 kWh | 2522 kWh | 841 kWh | £652 | £84 | £736 | £15,138 | 20.6 yrs | £-426 |
| 5 kW | 4203 kWh | 3152 kWh | 1051 kWh | £814 | £105 | £920 | £17,173 | 18.7 yrs | £1,218 |
| 6 kW | 5043 kWh | 3782 kWh | 1261 kWh | £977 | £126 | £1,103 | £19,207 | 17.4 yrs | £2,861 |
| 7 kW | 5884 kWh | 4413 kWh | 1471 kWh | £1,140 | £147 | £1,287 | £21,242 | 16.5 yrs | £4,505 |
| 8 kW | 6724 kWh | 5043 kWh | 1681 kWh | £1,303 | £168 | £1,471 | £23,276 | 15.8 yrs | £6,148 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £933, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1681 kWh | 1294 kWh | 387 kWh | £334 | £39 | £373 | £13,519 | 36.2 yrs | £-6,056 |
| 3 kW | 2522 kWh | 1942 kWh | 580 kWh | £502 | £58 | £560 | £15,554 | 27.8 yrs | £-4,360 |
| 4 kW | 3362 kWh | 2589 kWh | 773 kWh | £669 | £77 | £746 | £17,588 | 23.6 yrs | £-2,663 |
| 5 kW | 4203 kWh | 3236 kWh | 967 kWh | £836 | £97 | £933 | £19,623 | 21.0 yrs | £-966 |
| 6 kW | 5043 kWh | 3883 kWh | 1160 kWh | £1,003 | £116 | £1,119 | £21,657 | 19.3 yrs | £731 |
| 7 kW | 5884 kWh | 4530 kWh | 1353 kWh | £1,171 | £135 | £1,306 | £23,692 | 18.1 yrs | £2,428 |
| 8 kW | 6724 kWh | 5178 kWh | 1547 kWh | £1,338 | £155 | £1,493 | £25,726 | 17.2 yrs | £4,125 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.