A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 901 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £731, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1802 kWh | 721 kWh | 1081 kWh | £184 | £108 | £292 | £4,069 | 13.9 yrs | £1,775 |
| 3 kW | 2702 kWh | 1081 kWh | 1621 kWh | £276 | £162 | £438 | £6,104 | 13.9 yrs | £2,663 |
| 4 kW | 3603 kWh | 1441 kWh | 2162 kWh | £368 | £216 | £584 | £8,138 | 13.9 yrs | £3,550 |
| 5 kW | 4504 kWh | 1802 kWh | 2702 kWh | £460 | £270 | £731 | £10,173 | 13.9 yrs | £4,438 |
| 6 kW | 5405 kWh | 2162 kWh | 3243 kWh | £552 | £324 | £877 | £12,207 | 13.9 yrs | £5,325 |
| 7 kW | 6305 kWh | 2522 kWh | 3783 kWh | £644 | £378 | £1,023 | £14,242 | 13.9 yrs | £6,213 |
| 8 kW | 7206 kWh | 2882 kWh | 4324 kWh | £736 | £432 | £1,169 | £16,276 | 13.9 yrs | £7,100 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £871, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1802 kWh | 1081 kWh | 721 kWh | £276 | £72 | £348 | £6,169 | 17.7 yrs | £796 |
| 3 kW | 2702 kWh | 1621 kWh | 1081 kWh | £414 | £108 | £522 | £8,204 | 15.7 yrs | £2,243 |
| 4 kW | 3603 kWh | 2162 kWh | 1441 kWh | £552 | £144 | £696 | £10,238 | 14.7 yrs | £3,691 |
| 5 kW | 4504 kWh | 2702 kWh | 1802 kWh | £690 | £180 | £871 | £12,273 | 14.1 yrs | £5,139 |
| 6 kW | 5405 kWh | 3243 kWh | 2162 kWh | £829 | £216 | £1,045 | £14,307 | 13.7 yrs | £6,587 |
| 7 kW | 6305 kWh | 3783 kWh | 2522 kWh | £967 | £252 | £1,219 | £16,342 | 13.4 yrs | £8,035 |
| 8 kW | 7206 kWh | 4324 kWh | 2882 kWh | £1,105 | £288 | £1,393 | £18,376 | 13.2 yrs | £9,483 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £941, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1802 kWh | 1261 kWh | 540 kWh | £322 | £54 | £376 | £7,569 | 20.1 yrs | £-44 |
| 3 kW | 2702 kWh | 1892 kWh | 811 kWh | £483 | £81 | £564 | £9,604 | 17.0 yrs | £1,684 |
| 4 kW | 3603 kWh | 2522 kWh | 1081 kWh | £644 | £108 | £752 | £11,638 | 15.5 yrs | £3,412 |
| 5 kW | 4504 kWh | 3153 kWh | 1351 kWh | £806 | £135 | £941 | £13,673 | 14.5 yrs | £5,140 |
| 6 kW | 5405 kWh | 3783 kWh | 1621 kWh | £967 | £162 | £1,129 | £15,707 | 13.9 yrs | £6,868 |
| 7 kW | 6305 kWh | 4414 kWh | 1892 kWh | £1,128 | £189 | £1,317 | £17,742 | 13.5 yrs | £8,596 |
| 8 kW | 7206 kWh | 5044 kWh | 2162 kWh | £1,289 | £216 | £1,505 | £19,776 | 13.1 yrs | £10,324 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £962, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1802 kWh | 1315 kWh | 486 kWh | £336 | £49 | £385 | £9,319 | 24.2 yrs | £-1,626 |
| 3 kW | 2702 kWh | 1973 kWh | 730 kWh | £504 | £73 | £577 | £11,354 | 19.7 yrs | £186 |
| 4 kW | 3603 kWh | 2630 kWh | 973 kWh | £672 | £97 | £769 | £13,388 | 17.4 yrs | £1,998 |
| 5 kW | 4504 kWh | 3288 kWh | 1216 kWh | £840 | £122 | £962 | £15,423 | 16.0 yrs | £3,810 |
| 6 kW | 5405 kWh | 3945 kWh | 1459 kWh | £1,008 | £146 | £1,154 | £17,457 | 15.1 yrs | £5,622 |
| 7 kW | 6305 kWh | 4603 kWh | 1702 kWh | £1,176 | £170 | £1,346 | £19,492 | 14.5 yrs | £7,434 |
| 8 kW | 7206 kWh | 5260 kWh | 1946 kWh | £1,344 | £195 | £1,539 | £21,526 | 14.0 yrs | £9,246 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £976, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1802 kWh | 1351 kWh | 450 kWh | £345 | £45 | £390 | £11,069 | 28.4 yrs | £-3,264 |
| 3 kW | 2702 kWh | 2027 kWh | 676 kWh | £518 | £68 | £585 | £13,104 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,396 |
| 4 kW | 3603 kWh | 2702 kWh | 901 kWh | £690 | £90 | £781 | £15,138 | 19.4 yrs | £472 |
| 5 kW | 4504 kWh | 3378 kWh | 1126 kWh | £863 | £113 | £976 | £17,173 | 17.6 yrs | £2,340 |
| 6 kW | 5405 kWh | 4053 kWh | 1351 kWh | £1,036 | £135 | £1,171 | £19,207 | 16.4 yrs | £4,208 |
| 7 kW | 6305 kWh | 4729 kWh | 1576 kWh | £1,208 | £158 | £1,366 | £21,242 | 15.6 yrs | £6,076 |
| 8 kW | 7206 kWh | 5405 kWh | 1802 kWh | £1,381 | £180 | £1,561 | £23,276 | 14.9 yrs | £7,944 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £990, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1802 kWh | 1387 kWh | 414 kWh | £354 | £41 | £396 | £13,519 | 34.2 yrs | £-5,602 |
| 3 kW | 2702 kWh | 2081 kWh | 622 kWh | £532 | £62 | £594 | £15,554 | 26.2 yrs | £-3,678 |
| 4 kW | 3603 kWh | 2774 kWh | 829 kWh | £709 | £83 | £792 | £17,588 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,754 |
| 5 kW | 4504 kWh | 3468 kWh | 1036 kWh | £886 | £104 | £990 | £19,623 | 19.8 yrs | £170 |
| 6 kW | 5405 kWh | 4162 kWh | 1243 kWh | £1,063 | £124 | £1,188 | £21,657 | 18.2 yrs | £2,094 |
| 7 kW | 6305 kWh | 4855 kWh | 1450 kWh | £1,240 | £145 | £1,385 | £23,692 | 17.1 yrs | £4,018 |
| 8 kW | 7206 kWh | 5549 kWh | 1657 kWh | £1,418 | £166 | £1,583 | £25,726 | 16.2 yrs | £5,942 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.