A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1027 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £861, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2055 kWh | 822 kWh | 1233 kWh | £221 | £123 | £345 | £4,069 | 11.8 yrs | £2,821 |
| 3 kW | 3082 kWh | 1233 kWh | 1849 kWh | £332 | £185 | £517 | £6,104 | 11.8 yrs | £4,232 |
| 4 kW | 4109 kWh | 1644 kWh | 2465 kWh | £442 | £247 | £689 | £8,138 | 11.8 yrs | £5,642 |
| 5 kW | 5136 kWh | 2055 kWh | 3082 kWh | £553 | £308 | £861 | £10,173 | 11.8 yrs | £7,053 |
| 6 kW | 6164 kWh | 2465 kWh | 3698 kWh | £664 | £370 | £1,034 | £12,207 | 11.8 yrs | £8,463 |
| 7 kW | 7191 kWh | 2876 kWh | 4314 kWh | £774 | £431 | £1,206 | £14,242 | 11.8 yrs | £9,874 |
| 8 kW | 8218 kWh | 3287 kWh | 4931 kWh | £885 | £493 | £1,378 | £16,276 | 11.8 yrs | £11,284 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,035, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2055 kWh | 1233 kWh | 822 kWh | £332 | £82 | £414 | £6,169 | 14.9 yrs | £2,112 |
| 3 kW | 3082 kWh | 1849 kWh | 1233 kWh | £498 | £123 | £621 | £8,204 | 13.2 yrs | £4,217 |
| 4 kW | 4109 kWh | 2465 kWh | 1644 kWh | £664 | £164 | £828 | £10,238 | 12.4 yrs | £6,323 |
| 5 kW | 5136 kWh | 3082 kWh | 2055 kWh | £830 | £205 | £1,035 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,429 |
| 6 kW | 6164 kWh | 3698 kWh | 2465 kWh | £996 | £247 | £1,242 | £14,307 | 11.5 yrs | £10,535 |
| 7 kW | 7191 kWh | 4314 kWh | 2876 kWh | £1,161 | £288 | £1,449 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,640 |
| 8 kW | 8218 kWh | 4931 kWh | 3287 kWh | £1,327 | £329 | £1,656 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,746 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,122, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2055 kWh | 1438 kWh | 616 kWh | £387 | £62 | £449 | £7,569 | 16.9 yrs | £1,407 |
| 3 kW | 3082 kWh | 2157 kWh | 925 kWh | £581 | £92 | £673 | £9,604 | 14.3 yrs | £3,860 |
| 4 kW | 4109 kWh | 2876 kWh | 1233 kWh | £774 | £123 | £898 | £11,638 | 13.0 yrs | £6,314 |
| 5 kW | 5136 kWh | 3595 kWh | 1541 kWh | £968 | £154 | £1,122 | £13,673 | 12.2 yrs | £8,767 |
| 6 kW | 6164 kWh | 4314 kWh | 1849 kWh | £1,161 | £185 | £1,346 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,220 |
| 7 kW | 7191 kWh | 5034 kWh | 2157 kWh | £1,355 | £216 | £1,571 | £17,742 | 11.3 yrs | £13,674 |
| 8 kW | 8218 kWh | 5753 kWh | 2465 kWh | £1,549 | £247 | £1,795 | £19,776 | 11.0 yrs | £16,127 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,148, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2055 kWh | 1500 kWh | 555 kWh | £404 | £55 | £459 | £9,319 | 20.3 yrs | £-135 |
| 3 kW | 3082 kWh | 2250 kWh | 832 kWh | £606 | £83 | £689 | £11,354 | 16.5 yrs | £2,423 |
| 4 kW | 4109 kWh | 3000 kWh | 1109 kWh | £807 | £111 | £918 | £13,388 | 14.6 yrs | £4,981 |
| 5 kW | 5136 kWh | 3749 kWh | 1387 kWh | £1,009 | £139 | £1,148 | £15,423 | 13.4 yrs | £7,538 |
| 6 kW | 6164 kWh | 4499 kWh | 1664 kWh | £1,211 | £166 | £1,378 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £10,096 |
| 7 kW | 7191 kWh | 5249 kWh | 1942 kWh | £1,413 | £194 | £1,607 | £19,492 | 12.1 yrs | £12,654 |
| 8 kW | 8218 kWh | 5999 kWh | 2219 kWh | £1,615 | £222 | £1,837 | £21,526 | 11.7 yrs | £15,211 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,165, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2055 kWh | 1541 kWh | 514 kWh | £415 | £51 | £466 | £11,069 | 23.7 yrs | £-1,746 |
| 3 kW | 3082 kWh | 2311 kWh | 770 kWh | £622 | £77 | £699 | £13,104 | 18.7 yrs | £882 |
| 4 kW | 4109 kWh | 3082 kWh | 1027 kWh | £830 | £103 | £932 | £15,138 | 16.2 yrs | £3,509 |
| 5 kW | 5136 kWh | 3852 kWh | 1284 kWh | £1,037 | £128 | £1,165 | £17,173 | 14.7 yrs | £6,136 |
| 6 kW | 6164 kWh | 4623 kWh | 1541 kWh | £1,244 | £154 | £1,399 | £19,207 | 13.7 yrs | £8,763 |
| 7 kW | 7191 kWh | 5393 kWh | 1798 kWh | £1,452 | £180 | £1,632 | £21,242 | 13.0 yrs | £11,390 |
| 8 kW | 8218 kWh | 6164 kWh | 2055 kWh | £1,659 | £205 | £1,865 | £23,276 | 12.5 yrs | £14,018 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,183, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2055 kWh | 1582 kWh | 473 kWh | £426 | £47 | £473 | £13,519 | 28.6 yrs | £-4,057 |
| 3 kW | 3082 kWh | 2373 kWh | 709 kWh | £639 | £71 | £710 | £15,554 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,360 |
| 4 kW | 4109 kWh | 3164 kWh | 945 kWh | £852 | £95 | £946 | £17,588 | 18.6 yrs | £1,337 |
| 5 kW | 5136 kWh | 3955 kWh | 1181 kWh | £1,065 | £118 | £1,183 | £19,623 | 16.6 yrs | £4,034 |
| 6 kW | 6164 kWh | 4746 kWh | 1418 kWh | £1,278 | £142 | £1,419 | £21,657 | 15.3 yrs | £6,730 |
| 7 kW | 7191 kWh | 5537 kWh | 1654 kWh | £1,491 | £165 | £1,656 | £23,692 | 14.3 yrs | £9,427 |
| 8 kW | 8218 kWh | 6328 kWh | 1890 kWh | £1,703 | £189 | £1,892 | £25,726 | 13.6 yrs | £12,124 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.